... The choice of which type of electricity is called "positive" and which "negative" was made around 1750 by Ben Franklin, early American scientist and man of many talents (the stamp on the left commemorates his role as first US postmaster--and colonial postmaster before that). ... Franklin knew of two types of electric charge, depending on the material one rubbed. ... Later, when electric batteries were discovered, scientists naturally assigned the direction of the flow of current to be from (+) to (-...

Подписка на рассылку обзоров astro-ph на Subscribe.Ru . ... Предыдущий выпуск (N335) . ... Обсудить на форуме Scientific.RU . ... Подписка на рассылку обзоров на Subscribe.Ru . Обзоры препринтов astro-ph . ... Собственно обзоры препринтов. ... Ранее обзоры также были на Астронете и на Scientific.Ru . ... АНКи доступны на Астронете , а с 2006 по 2008 г. также на сайте Элементы.Ру . ... Ранее они также размещались на сайте Астронет и в архиве моих обозрений (кодировка KOI8) на сайте Scientific.Ru . ...

... A dynamo (or electric generator) is a device converting . ... Faraday discovered that by moving a magnet next to a closed electric circuit, or changing the magnetic field passing through it, an electric current could be "induced" to flow in it. ... Faraday's disk dynamo Faraday showed that another way of inducing the current was to move the electric conductor while the magnetic source stood still. ... Faraday's disk dynamo needs a magnetic field in order to produce an electric current. ...

Next: Modes of Operation Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Field of View . Thermal excitation of charge carriers from the valence to the conduction band creates a dark current signal which may vary with position in the array, and also has temporal shot noise variation. ... In a device devoid of localized defects which give rise to individual dark current spikes , most dark current arises from electrons generated at interface states at the surface. ...

... ATNF Home . About ATNF . ... About ATNF overview . ... Australia Telescope Steering Committee . ... Australia Telescope User Committee . ... Astrophysics graduate student programs . ... Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder . Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory . ... Parkes radio telescope . Australia Telescope Compact Array . ... Current telescope status . ... Visiting Parkes radio telescope . Visiting Australia Telescope Compact Array . ... Parkes radio telescope webcam . ...

... Because of the effects of shading, and the possibility that the underlying dark current may vary with time since reset, the removal of dark current (for calibration purposes, we implicitly assume shading and amplifier glow is a part of the time variable "dark current") from data is more complicated than for many other instruments. The most accurate way to remove the dark current from any observation is a measurement of the dark current with an identical integration time. ...

Basics of magnetosphere satellite experiment. Main steps of data processing. Modern conception of Earth magnetosphere. ... Empirical models of the bow shock, magnetopause and neutral current sheet positions. Main principles of construction of empirical magnetospheric magnetic field models. ... Current systems in the Earth magnetosphere. Chapman- Ferraro current. ... Tsyganenko 1996 model and its application to satellite data processing. ... Basics of statistical data analysis. ...

... 1 polarization, 3-level autocorrelation: 16384 spectral channels . 2 polarizations, 3-level autocorrelation: 8192 spectral channels . 1 polarization, 9-level autocorrelation: 4096 spectral channels . 2 polarizations, 9-level autocorrelation: 2048 spectral channels . ... Full Stokes, 9-level autocorrelation: 2048 spectral channels . ... 1 polarization, 3-level autocorrelation: 8192 spectral channels . ... 1 polarization, 9-level autocorrelation: 2048 spectral channels . ...

... The star formation rate (SFR) of the current SF episode can be estimated from the total H luminosity. ... For the derived total flux F (H )=5.8 erg s -1 cm -2 we obtain a total H luminosity of 10 39 erg s -1 . ... The total mass of ionized gas can be obtained from the average mass density inside the H II region and its volume. An average mass density corresponding to the average electron density of 1 cm -3 within a volume with a diameter of 0.5 kpc yields a total ionized gas mass of 10 6 . ...

vps is a perl script which provides a terminal-based interactive view of all process, in a tree-structured format. ... The basic display is separated into a top area, where the process tree is displayed. and a bottom three lines, where additional details on the currently selected process is displayed. ... The bottom area of the selected process shows on the first line the current processes' command and arguments. ... Move cursor down one line . ... Move cursor up one line . ...