The notion of ions first arose in chemistry. In the 19th century it was well known that water in which salts were dissolved (or acids, or bases) conducted electricity, and that an electric current could separate such dissolved materials into their components. ... In 1898 Ernest Rutherford noted that the radiation seemed to contain two electrically charged components of opposite signs, steered by a magnet in opposite directions--positive "alpha rays" and negative "beta rays." ...

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• Medium
• Electrons

The space between the planets is far from empty. It contains: electromagnetic radiation (photons); hot plasma (electrons, protons and other ions) a.k.a. the solar wind ; cosmic rays; microscopic dust particles; and magnetic fields (primarily the Sun's). While the Sun 's radiation is obvious, the other components of the interplanetary medium were not discovered until very recently. ... Except near some of the planets, interplanetary space is filled with the Sun's magnetic field. ... Sun .. ...

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• APOD: 2014 July 21 - Spacecraft Rosetta Shows Comet has Two Components

... 4a. Electric Fluid . ... Matter consists of atoms, and atoms consist of electrically charged components--lightweight negative electrons , and positive nuclei . ... In one end we embed a metal coil of wire (like that of a flashlight bulb) in the other a metal plate, as drawn. ... As the wire begins to glow, a current begins to flow, because now negatively charged particles are emitted from the hot wire, are attracted to the positive charge on the plate and by doing so, complete the electrical circuit...

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• The Inner Radiation Belt
• The Motion of Magnetically Trapped Particles -- History
• Trapped Radiation -- History

Supernova 2009js in NGC 918 . This page is devoted to information on Supernova 2009js in NGC 918 . Basic information on this SN, including the last reported brightness, on this Supernova can be found on the main page . Information on the original web pages for many of these images can be found on the updates and links web pages. Discovered independently by Lick Observatory Supernova Search (USA) and Koichi Itagaki (Japan). ... 2009/10/11.44 . 17.2 . ... Joseph Brimacombe . ...

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Proposal Identification No.: P2391 Date Received: 2008­Feb­11 14:47:10 Technical Page Proposal Type: Long­term General Category: Pulsars Observation Category: Galactic Total Time Requested: 57 Hours Minimum Useful Time: 30 minutes Proposal Title: Measuring the masses of the components of two binary millisecond pulsars discovered in the ALFA pulsar survey ABSTRACT: So far, the ALFA pulsar survey has discovered two new millisecond pulsars (MSPs), PSR J1903+0327 and PSR J1949+31. ...

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• http://www.naic.edu/vscience/schedule/tpfiles/FreiretagP2391tp.pdf
• Arecibo Radar Discovers Triple Near-Earth Asteroid
• Comets National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (Arecibo Observatory)

In the early 1980s, our understanding of binary star evolution allowed us to construct a general evolutionary scenario which successfully explained the genesis of well-studied normal stars and offered potential explanation for new X-ray sources discovered in space experiments. ... At the present time it allows you to obtain evolutionary track of the close binary system with different parameters, which you determine yourself. ... To build your own track follow "Go to evolutionary track constructor". ...

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• Introduction
• Scientifically discovered God

Peremennye Zvezdy", . ... Star Name: . GSC 3710-00312, USNO-A2.0 1425-04252279 . ... Variability type: . ... USNO-A2.0 1425-04252279 is located at the distance of 15?.7 from the X-ray source 1RXS J031707.9+572942, which is larger than the position error of the source (12?), but its hardness ratio HR1 = 0.03 0.29, typical of chromospherically active stars, and its character of variability allow us to assume that the star is related to the X-ray source. ... Eclipsing variability . Sine wave 1 . ...

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• Ice Fountains Discovered on Saturns Enceladus
• Астронет > Ice Fountains Discovered on Saturns Enceladus
• XWare > APOD

... Contacts . 2008: . New dwarf galaxy discovered in the Local Group . ... New observations of radio galaxy RCJ0311+0507 (z=4.51) . ... The black hole mass was refined to be about ~10 9 M (the mass close to the limiting in radio galaxies). ... High radio luminosity of the components, given a small linear size of this radio galaxy requires the presence of non-standard methods of their formation, accounting for various merger scenarios, including the variants with dual black holes. ... Archive . ...

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• G 89-14
• New LBV Discovered in DDO 68 Galaxy
• IRAS01005+7910

The infrared satellite IRAS. The main task of the IRAS telescope was the search of a longwave infrared radiation, composing the maps of the sky in the infrared range. IRAS telescope helped to discover new galaxies, to study the properties of the dust particles in our galaxy, which opens the character of a star hiding somewhere in the sky. ... For 6 months of observation it discovered 6 new asteroids, allowed to find out the nature of the dust zones between Mars and Jupiter orbits. ...

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• siriysphotoe

... Mission discovers particle accelerator in heart of Van Allen radiation belts . ... Using data from a NASA satellite, scientists have discovered a massive particle accelerator in the heart of one of the harshest regions of near-Earth space, a region of super-energetic charged particles surrounding the globe and known as the Van Allen radiation belts. New results from NASA s Van Allen probes show the acceleration energy is in the belts themselves. ... Discover | ...

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• Mysterious source of high-energy cosmic radiation discovered | Astronomy.com
• Oxygen discovered at Saturnт??s moon Dione | Astronomy.com
• Cluster encounters a natural particle accelerator | Astronomy.com

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . ... We present the numerical simulations for an electron-beam-driven and loss-cone-driven electron cyclotron maser (ECM) with different plasma parameters and different magnetic field strengths for a relatively small region and short time-scale in an attempt to interpret the recent discovered intense radio emission from ultracool dwarfs. ... A wide frequency band should therefore be covered by future radio observations. ...

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• Co-orbital asteroids
• Amateur Astronomer Becomes Second Ever to Discover Asteroid from Ireland, After

Particles, Energy, and Cosmology Particles, Energy, and Cosmology Roseburg Topics on Tap Jim Brau July 10, 2008 1 The End of Physics "The more important fundamental laws and facts of physical science have all been discovered, and these are now so firmly established that the possibility of their ever being supplanted in consequence of new discoveries is exceedingly remote." ... Particles, Energy, and Cosmology Roseburg Topics on Tap Jim Brau July 10, 2008 9 The Structure of Matte