... Fitting the observed dependence includes calculations of the polarization cross-sections averaged over particles orientation and size distribution, their normalization and the comparison of obtained dependencies with Serkowski's curve representing observational data for a chosen star. ... Variations of the polarization factors with wavelength are shown in Fig. 16 for homogeneous spheroidal particles with PF orientation. ... The distinction between prolate and oblate spheroids is also clearly seen. ...

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... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

... A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24 . ... Credit Copyright: Hubble Legacy Archive , NASA , ESA - Processing: Judy Schmidt Explanation: If you visit HH 24, don't go near the particle beam jet. ... The above image was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in infrared light in order to better understand turbulent star forming regions known as Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). Frequently when a star forms, a disk of dust and gas circles the YSO causing a powerful central jets to appear. ...

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2014 February 4 . A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24 . Image Credit: Hubble Legacy Archive , NASA , ESA - Processing: Judy Schmidt . Explanation: If you visit HH 24, don't go near the particle beam jet. ... Frequently when a star forms, a disk of dust and gas circles the YSO causing a powerful central jets to appear. ... About APOD | ...

... ATNF Home . About ATNF . ... About ATNF overview . ... Resonant inverse Compton scattering above polar caps: Gap acceleration efficiency for young pulsars . ... Title/Abstract Page: Resonant inverse Compton scattering . ... For a hot polar cap which emits soft photons, RICS can constrain the maximum energies of electrons (or positrons) accelerated in the polar gap in the following two ways: the energy loss competes with acceleration, or by limiting the acceleration length through pair production. ...

Solar Flare Origin - critical analysis" Lev Pusti'lnik We analyze current approach to solar flare origin in 3 aspects: a. Pre-flare equilibrium state of current-magnetic structure above active region and its evolution to flare state, b. Possible reasons of stability loss with transition of system in flare state c. Flare energy release in turbulent current sheet and particle acceleration in this system. ...

Next: Background Definition Up: Echelle Spectra Previous: Order Definition . ... Their removal is a rather delicate step, because in high-contrast images (such as well-exposed echelle spectra) there is always a danger of damaging the scientific contents of the frame. Particle hits can be removed from scientific exposures by splitting the exposure and comparing spectra of the same target obtained under the same instrumental configuration. ... Note that the background has been subtracted already. ...

Status of Experiments for Direct Detection of Particle Dark Matter Peter F. Smith Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, U.K. Three general categories of particle have been considered as can- didates for Galactic Dark Matter - neutrinos, axions and weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPS). ... These would produce low energy nuclear recoils, which are being sought by underground low background scintilla- tor and cryogenic techniques capable of distinguishing these from background events. ...

Next: Field of View Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Back Illumination . The CCD acts as a storage medium, and with frame times of the order seconds, there is no obvious method of employing prompt co-incidence rejection of charged particle events. ... In conventional CCDs, a m track length results in an equivalent energy deposition of 5 - 6 keV, and significant confusion with X-ray events arises. ... A trade-off between rejection efficiency and spectroscopic efficiency is required. ...

Meteor Streams: the Relation to Hazardous Celestial Bodies . ... Analytically tractable, the evolution of meteor particles' elliptic orbits in a gravitational field of the Sun is considered in view of light pressure, the Poynting Robertson effect, and the corpuscular analogue of Poynting Robertson effect. ... In the context of the perturbed two-body problem, the criterion for the probable meteor particles parent bodies are identified. ...

Blackholes2 Forum Message . Forums: . ... Firtual Particles Are Not Only Particle Pairs . ... Posted by Richard Ruquist on October 19, 2004 12:03:20 UTC . ... Vacuum production of virtual particle pairs cannot violate the uncertainty principle. ... This theory is dual to the particle theory of gravitons. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

Next: The Stopping Radius in Up: ``Ecology'' of Magnetic Rotators Previous: The Environment of the . Now we consider qualitatively the effect of the electromagnetic field of a magnetic rotator on the accreting plasma. ... What is important is that both relativistic particles and magnetic dipole radiation will transfer their momentum and hence exert pressure on the accreting plasma. ... 2) The pressure of the accreting plasma is high enough to permit the plasma to enter the light cylinder . ...

... Ah ha~ Once I questioned, ?what is systematic error?? (see [Q] systematic error. Thanks to L. Lyons? work discussed in [ArXiv] Particle Physics , I found this paper, titled Systematic Errors describing the concept and statistical inference related to systematic errors in the field of particle physics. ... Tags: coverage , Heinrich , likelihood , Lyons , nuisance parameter , objective priors , p-value , particle physics , statistical error , subjective priors , systematic error . ...

... ,E_=v_B_z,B_z0 Light cylinder at RL U = electric voltage created by rotating BH I = large scale current I U LK Centrifugal acceleration in BH magnetosphere Assume `reasonable' B and E fields, from current I : Bz = 0 = v/v 1 Motion of a test particle P ( ) Light cylinder Pz() P() z() Here = 0.01 and = rc,i/RL = 0.01 Growth of particle Lorentz factor ( ) log k At light cylinder : = Here with initial value is the absolute maximal reachable by this process (ie no ...

... Electrodynamics of Continuous Media E.M. Lifshitz L.P. Pitaevskii: Physical Kinetics K. Huang: Statistical Mechanics 3 Maxwell's equations (Gaussian units) Ampere's law Displacement current Electric current Gauss's law of electrostatics No magnetic monopoles r·B r · E = 4e =0 1 @B r E + c @t r B = 4 1 @E Je + c c @t =0 Faraday's law of induction Particle ... 13 Maxwell tensor Since then M =O E ij E=O vB c v2 c2 M B ij Hence, we neglect the electric component of the Maxwell tensor. ...

MATHEMATICAL MODELING: . ... This model is developed on the base of the probabilistic description of the collisional aeronomical processes and is realized on a computer as the numerical system (stochastic model). ... Shematovich, V.I., Bisikalo , D.V.             Nonequilibrium processes in the planetary and cometary atmospheres. ... In Russian) . ... Piarnpuu , A. A.; and Shematovich, V. I.       Construction of structural stochastic models of collision processes in rarefied gas media (abstract) . ...

Lectures . ... Home Lectures Lecture Series 2010-2011 Lecture Series 2010-2011 ? Particle Physics at the LHC and Cosmology? by Michael Tuts . ... Lecture Series 2010-2011 . ... Beyond New York City . ... Observing Resources for Amateur Astronomers - Part 1: Beginning Observers . ... A History of the First Forty Years of the Amateur Astronomers Association . ... Amateur Astronomers Medal . ... 2016 Amateur Astronomers Association of New York Designed by Press Customizr Powered by . ...

Источник Journal of Physics D - Applied Physics 1999 , Vol 32, Iss 19, ШИФР ХРАНЕНИЯ БЕН РАН: U53050 Автор (ы): JY Zhang, IW Boyd, V Dusastre, DE Williams Название : Ultraviolet annealing of tantalum oxide films grown by photo-induced chemical vapour deposition Страницы : L91-L95 Заказ : Автор (ы): JBA Card, AR Jones Название : An investigation of the potential of polarized light scattering for the characterization of irregular particles ...