... Fitting the observed dependence includes calculations of the polarization cross-sections averaged over particles orientation and size distribution, their normalization and the comparison of obtained dependencies with Serkowski's curve representing observational data for a chosen star. ... Variations of the polarization factors with wavelength are shown in Fig. 16 for homogeneous spheroidal particles with PF orientation. ... The distinction between prolate and oblate spheroids is also clearly seen. ...

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• Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subpage
• Circular polarization: change of sign
• WKB and eikonal approximations (high energy - HEA)

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... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

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• Space Research Institute (IKI) Seminar
• Substorm Event On November 24, 1996
• Solar Energetic Particles

... Energy . ... The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much, much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ... Typical energy of an electron in the polar aurora. 40,000 ev . ... 50,000 ev . ...

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• Magnetospheric electric fields (Oulu)
• Solar Energetic Particles
• Plasma theories [Oulu]

... A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24 . ... Credit Copyright: Hubble Legacy Archive , NASA , ESA - Processing: Judy Schmidt Explanation: If you visit HH 24, don't go near the particle beam jet. ... The above image was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope in infrared light in order to better understand turbulent star forming regions known as Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). Frequently when a star forms, a disk of dust and gas circles the YSO causing a powerful central jets to appear. ...

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• Астронет > A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24
• Particle Sizes in Saturns Rings
• Астронет > Particle Sizes in Saturns Rings

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2014 February 4 . A Particle Beam Jet forms HH 24 . Image Credit: Hubble Legacy Archive , NASA , ESA - Processing: Judy Schmidt . Explanation: If you visit HH 24, don't go near the particle beam jet. ... Frequently when a star forms, a disk of dust and gas circles the YSO causing a powerful central jets to appear. ... About APOD | ...

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• APOD: 2005 May 25 - Particle Sizes in Saturns Rings
• APOD: 2001 July 10 - Sudbury Indicates Nonstandard Particle Model
• APOD: 2009 October 29 - Zodiacal Light Over Laguna Verde

... ATNF Home . About ATNF . ... About ATNF overview . ... Resonant inverse Compton scattering above polar caps: Gap acceleration efficiency for young pulsars . ... Title/Abstract Page: Resonant inverse Compton scattering . ... For a hot polar cap which emits soft photons, RICS can constrain the maximum energies of electrons (or positrons) accelerated in the polar gap in the following two ways: the energy loss competes with acceleration, or by limiting the acceleration length through pair production. ...

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• Acceleration efficiency
• Introduction
• ATNF Colloquium

Solar Flare Origin - critical analysis" Lev Pusti'lnik We analyze current approach to solar flare origin in 3 aspects: a. Pre-flare equilibrium state of current-magnetic structure above active region and its evolution to flare state, b. Possible reasons of stability loss with transition of system in flare state c. Flare energy release in turbulent current sheet and particle acceleration in this system. ...

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• http://mavr.sao.ru/hq/lizm/conferences/pdf/1987/1987_p134-p134.pdf

Next: Background Definition Up: Echelle Spectra Previous: Order Definition . ... Their removal is a rather delicate step, because in high-contrast images (such as well-exposed echelle spectra) there is always a danger of damaging the scientific contents of the frame. Particle hits can be removed from scientific exposures by splitting the exposure and comparing spectra of the same target obtained under the same instrumental configuration. ... Note that the background has been subtracted already. ...

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• Dark-current and particle hits correction
• Photon/Particle Counting Image Measurement System : PIAS-TI (Hamamatsu
• Dose Testing of a CMOS Charged- Particle Spectrometer - PixelVision

Status of Experiments for Direct Detection of Particle Dark Matter Peter F. Smith Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, U.K. Three general categories of particle have been considered as can- didates for Galactic Dark Matter - neutrinos, axions and weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPS). ... These would produce low energy nuclear recoils, which are being sought by underground low background scintilla- tor and cryogenic techniques capable of distinguishing these from background events. ...

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• PPEUC Proceedings - Particle physics plenary talks
• PPEUC Proceedings Home Page
• A Calculation of derivatives

Next: Field of View Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Back Illumination . The CCD acts as a storage medium, and with frame times of the order seconds, there is no obvious method of employing prompt co-incidence rejection of charged particle events. ... In conventional CCDs, a m track length results in an equivalent energy deposition of 5 - 6 keV, and significant confusion with X-ray events arises. ... A trade-off between rejection efficiency and spectroscopic efficiency is required. ...

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• Back Illumination

Meteor Streams: the Relation to Hazardous Celestial Bodies . ... Analytically tractable, the evolution of meteor particles' elliptic orbits in a gravitational field of the Sun is considered in view of light pressure, the Poynting Robertson effect, and the corpuscular analogue of Poynting Robertson effect. ... In the context of the perturbed two-body problem, the criterion for the probable meteor particles parent bodies are identified. ...