In this gallery are many images of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies which have recently been discovered and analyzed. ... The central surface brightness of this galaxy is 24.28 . Malin 2 This galaxy is another huge disk galaxy with a scale length of 15 kpc and a redshift of 15000 km/a. The high surface brightness knot in one of its spiral arms actually has the same color, luminosity and H-alpha equivalent width as the entire Large Magellanic Cloud . ... Truly it is a Low Surface Brightness Galaxy. ...

... User Guide ] Task: moment Purpose: Calculate moments of a Miriad image. ... Key: in The input image. No default. ... Key: mom -3: Velocity at peak intensity using a three-point quadratic fit around the peak (km/s). 2: Peak intensity using a three-point quadratic fit (units same as individual channels). ... The moments are calculated independently for each pixel using spectral channels with intensity satisfying the specified clip range. ... Key: axis Axis for which the moment is calculated. ...

... (degrees) b2 galactic latitude (degrees) sgl supergalactic longitude (degrees) sgb supergalactic latitude (degrees) pgc PGC name *** alphabetical ** ident1 1st name (NGC,IC,UGC,ESO...) *** alphabetical ** pa position angle (N- E) in degrees typ morphological type (e.g. 'E','Sab','SBa','SO') *** alphabetical ** ring 'R' for Ring galaxies, otherwise ' ' (blank) *** alphabetical ** multiple 'M' for multiple galaxies, otherwise ' ' (blank) *** ...

... Luminosity (L) · · · · A source's luminosity is the power that it emits in radiation. ... NB Astronomers often say `flux' when they mean `flux density' · SI units are Wm-2Hz -1 -26 filter · Also used are Jy 10 Wm-2Hz -1 E= РРРF d dA dt Specific Intensity, Surface Brightness (I) · Specific intensity (or surface brightness) is the power received (or emitted) per unit area per unit frequency per unit solid angle. ч F at surface of a spherical source = I · · Specific intensity is independent of distance...

STIS Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 . ... Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 > Chapter 13: Spectroscopic Reference Material > 13.8 MAMA Spectroscopic Bright Object Limits . ... MAMA Spectroscopic Bright Object Limits . ... For echelle observations, the global limit of 200,000 counts/s over the detector sets the magnitude limits, but you must also assure that your source does not violate the local limit, e.g., if it had a bright emission line. ... 1.61 . ...

Next: *upspecrdf, downspecrdf* - Transform Up: Spectral Analysis Previous: *grid_plot* - Plot Results . The conversion of count rate to flux depends on the intrinsic spectrum of the source, so xflux must be used in conjunction with fit . Fit generates a table of the best fit intrinsic spectrum ( _int.tab extension). xflux uses this table to calculate either the integrated flux between two energy limits or the flux density at a specific energy. ... This produces ``..._obs.tab'' file. ...

... The Galactic low-mass X-ray binary GS 2023+338 was discovered during the burst on May 22, 1989 with the Japanise satellite Ginga (aka Galaxy). The flux reached 17 crabs (this unit of flux measurement is an bright X-ray source, Crab Nebula) at 10-35 keV. ... No other radio telescope worldwide carried out multi-frequency measurements. ... Upon 14 days the radio flux fell below the detection level at the RATAN-600 in relation to the decrease of the X-ray flux. ...

... Satellite data ] . SMIS ] . The program is designed to process the specific AVHRR instrument data for calculation and analysis of temperature fields on the sea surface and upper level of clouds. It performs brightness correction for visible channels with regards to clouds altitude. ... The program features a wide variety of classification algorithms (including two-dimensional histogram analysis) and enables to construct personal procedures for classification. ... Back to SMIS Home Page . ...

The ESA/ESO Astronomy Exercise Series 2 . The Distance to Messier 100 as Determined by Cepheid Variable Stars . ... The small variations in distance to the individual Cepheid variable stars in the Cloud are negligible compared with the much larger distance to the SMC. ... In this way Cepheid variable stars can be used as one of the 'standard candles' in the Universe that act either as distance indicators themselves or can be used to calibrate (or set the zero point for) other distance indicators. ...

The CHIANTI database consists of 4 primary ASCII files for each ion in the database. contains the energy levels in cm^(-1) It includes both experimental data and theoretical values of the levels energies. ... References: %filename: si_2.psplups %rates: Bely, O., Faucher, P., 1970, A 6, 88 %energies: Observed energies from .elvlc file. %produced as part of the Arcetri/Cambridge/NRL 'CHIANTI' atomic data base collaboration % % Peter Young 8-Jun-2001 . ...

. Please standby and you will be automatically connected to the new location of the unframed Supernova page. Or, click on the link above. If you have questions or problems, please email me at David Bishop dbishop@vhdl.org . Last modified: Mon Aug 27 12:40:15 EDT 2001

November 2006 Astronotes 1 Candles in the Dark Image Credit: Wikipedia.org By Colin Johnston, Science Communicator Since the mid-ninteenth century astronomers have used the principle of parallax to measure the distance to other stars. ... How then can we tell, for example, that M31, the galaxy in Andromeda, is 2.2 million light years away? It would be straight-forward to tell how far away a star was if it was exactly the same brightness as our own Sun. ...

Measurement of Sky Brightness at the Iranian National Observatory Davoud Afshari1 and Sadollah Nasiri1,2 1Physics Department, Zanjan University, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; Institute for Advanced studies in Basic Science (IASBS), Zanjan 45195-1159, Iran; Measurement of light pollution 2 Introduction Among 34 candidate sites at the central part of the country, 5 sites namely Garkesh (in Kashan ), Kolahbarfi(in Kashan ), Deynava (in ... One of these is light pollution. ...

... filter1 . filter associated with the magnitude mag1 . The filter identifier filter1 must be at a shorter wavelength as the filter defined by filter2 . ... zero point corrected magnitude derived from the deadtime corrected count rate measured in the passband filter1 . This is the brightness which is used to calculate the colour (mag1-mag2) in the instrumental system (units: magnitude) . ... This is the brightness which is transformed into the standard system (units: magnitude). branch . ...

THE THERMAL RADIATION OF THE LUNAR SURFACE IN THE IR RANGE OF THE SPECTRUM (10-12 µm). ... 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 -0.40 -0.60 -0.80 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 Fig.1 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 -0.40 -0.60 -0.80 -0.80 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 Fig.2 0.60 0.40 0.20 -0.00 -0.20 -0.40 -0.60 -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 -0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 Fig.3 Indicatrix of the thermal radiation of the Moon (10.5-12.5 µ). ...

... ESA , NASA Explanation: The bright clusters and nebulae of planet Earth's night sky are often named for flowers or insects , and NGC 6302 is no exception. With an estimated surface temperature of about 250,000 degrees C, the central star of this particular planetary nebula is exceptionally hot though -- shinning brightly in ultraviolet light but hidden from direct view by a dense torus of dust. ... Publications with keywords: planetary nebula - emission nebula . ... Emission Nebula IC 1396 . ...

... 2004 May 5 . NGC 6302: Big, Bright, Bug Nebula . ... ESA , NASA . Explanation: The bright clusters and nebulae of planet Earth's night sky are often named for flowers or insects , and NGC 6302 is no exception. With an estimated surface temperature of about 250,000 degrees C, the central star of this particular planetary nebula is exceptionally hot though -- shining brightly in ultraviolet light but hidden from direct view by a dense torus of dust. ... About APOD | ...

The NAIC-NRAO School on Single-Dish Radio Astronomy Techniques and Applications -- July 2005 The Measurement Process with Fully-Filled Apertures Chris Salter (NAIC) Accuracy in Radio Astronomy · Pulsar Periods: 1 part in 1012 · HI Redshifts: For z 0.1, about 1 part in 104 · Source Intensities and Polarization Parameters: Typically ±10% 1 Basic Definitions A: Intensit y/Surface Brightness: B: Brightness Temperature : 2 C: Flux Densit y D: Distance Dependencies 3 The ...

Next: Results and Discussion Up: Evolution of Supernova Explosion Previous: - Dependence for the . In order to construct the - dependence for supernova explosions, we calculated separately the m ( z ) in the R band and N ( z ) taking the cosmological and evolutionary effects into account. ... where n(t) is the SN rate as a function of age of the galaxy, t(z) is the age of the galaxy as a function of its redshift, and is the density of galaxies in the Universe. ...

... Problem 5. ... See figure 1 for the light curve of these narrow Nitrogen lines. ... Figure out the behaviour of each parcel of gas, and then add them all up to find the light curve. 5.4 (3pts) Using expression from problem 5.2, derive the expression for the time after SN explosion date, when the first light from the ionised ring reaches Earth. Using the expression from problem 5.2, derive the expression for the time after SN explosion date when the maximum brightness of the ring occurs. ...