... Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer Instrument Handbook for Cycle 17 > Chapter 9: Exposure TimeCalculations > 9.1 Overview: Web based NICMOS ETC . 9.1 Overview: Web based NICMOS ETC . ... The imaging NICMOS WWW ETC is documented in an Instrument Science Report (Arribas, NICMOS ISR-2004-002 ). ... Additional information on the ETC and its structure can be found in the Instrument Science Reports (ISRs) posted on the STScI NICMOS Instrument Web page. http://www.stsci.edu/hst/nicmos/ . ...

... When creating a mosaic from a set of individual frames, the correct background offset for each frame must be determined for proper matching. In this paper we describe a method for constructing a mosaic from a set of individual frames by applying a minimization technique. ... Typically these are frames with some known defect (see ? ... Determining which frames to exclude from the final mosaic is critical, since one bad frame can create background offset errors that propagate throughout the mosaic. ...

... Science Activities > PhD Thesis Topics offered by ESO Faculty Members > Thesis Topic: Foreground emission and Cosmic Microwave background intrinsic anisotropies . ... Since its discovery the Cosmic Microwave Radiation (CMB) has been one of the pillars of modern Cosmology. ... Further development of this work is the application of already tested algorithms to disentangle the foreground emission from the CMB maps and the determination of the CMB intrinsic emission. ... Return to list of thesis topics ...

Next: Echelle Reduction Method Up: No Title Previous: Example . This Chapter provides the basic information necessary to understand the echelle љ package implemented in MIDAS . ... Tutorial examples are available in the system (command TUTORIAL/ECHELLE ) and are also included in the Appendix so that users without previous experience in MIDAS could become familiar with the calibration procedures. ... Reduction steps which are not specific to echelle spectra are described in more detail in Chapter . ...

... Galaxies 99 Cosmic background with model of cloudy interstellar medium Yu. ... Figure 1: Averaged spectrum of the cosmic background I f in frequency range 0.25 200 MHz for the Galactic poles. ... First interpretation of the cosmic noise background spectrum at broad band frequency range 0.25 200 MHz with a model of the cloudy interstellar medium ISM is presented here. ... Synthesized background spectra I f for regions of the Galactic poles at the frequency range 0.25 200 MHz is presented in Fig. ...

... MODE = PrimePartialW2 / Instrument configuration CALIBRATION_ MODE _1 = PrimePartialW2 / Mode used to calibrate events from CCD 1 CALIBRATION_ MODE _2 = PrimeFullWindow / Mode used to calibrate events from CCD 2 CALIBRATION_ MODE _3 = PrimeFullWindow / Mode used to calibrate events from CCD 3 CALIBRATION_ MODE _4 = PrimeFullWindow / ... The DATA_MODE_n parameters indicate the data mode (determined by the oal ) the n-th CCD was in during the exposure. ...

... The Science Operation Department is composed of Astronomers, Telescope Instruments Operators(TIOs) and Data Handling Administrators(DHAs). ... Astronomers have proposed several methods to quantitatively measure the amount of turbulence above the telescope, which the most common ones is Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM). In optical testing, the Hartmann test is the common method to test the quality of optical components. ... Hartmann mask consists of 48 lenses. ...

... Polish scientists at the Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, in Wroclaw, south-west Poland, have constructed an instrument called SphinX (short for Solar PHotometer In X-rays), which is an X-ray spectrophotometer, that will obtain spectra in the energy range 0.5--15 keV in 256 energy channels with frequency of up to 100 times a second. ... SphinX is part of a package of instruments known as TESIS (PI Prof. Sergei Kuzin, Lebedev Institute, Moscow). ... Space Research Centre, . ...

This describes the exposure window used by each instrument (the graphical interface for the hub's expose command). ... To open the expose window for a given instrument, bring up that instrument's main window, then press the Expose... button along the bottom. ... The top panel shows the status of the current exposure sequence (regardless of who started it). ... File: the file name for the current exposure, or the most recent exposure if not exposing. ... Download: exposure download preferences. ...

On' failures in the NIRSpec MEMS ST-ECF Instrument Science Report NGST 2002-02 The effects of `on' failures in a MEMS array for the NGST NIRSpec Santiago Arribas, Robert Fosbury Peter Jakobsen --1-- ST-ECF Instrument Science Report NGST 2002-02 The effects of `on' failures in a MEMS array for the NGST ... Assuming that the spectrum of a single facet uses 2000 detector pixels, only 0.01% of `on' failures is acceptable (i.e., 400 facets in a 2k в 2K MEMS array). ...

Next: Extragalactic Gravitational Wave Background Previous: Transparency of the Stochastic . Let the sky be observed with a detector having a pencil beam diagram across. The number of stars per frequency decade that is swept by the detector is a function of celestial coordinates (say, galactic coordinates l , b ): . ... It is clear from the figure that for an all-sky detector the Galaxy becomes transparent above the frequency  Hz. ...

... Team . ... The main goal of observations of GRB host galaxies is accumulation of statistics of their spectroscopic and photometric properties. ... The Hubble diagram for 22 GRB host galaxies with known magnitudes and redshifts (GRB 970228, GRB 970508, GRB 970828, GRB 971214, GRB 980613, GRB 980703, GRB 990123, GRB 990510, GRB 990712, GRB 9912008, GRB 991216, GRB 000131, GRB 000210, GRB 000301C, GRB 000418, GRB 000911, GRB 000926, GRB 001109, GRB 010222, GRB 010921, GRB 011121 and GRB011211). ... 600...

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . Transit Instrument by Thomas Jones. 1827. 3-inch aperture, 63 inches focal length. ... A small circle made by Mr. Gardner and divided by Mr. Grubb has been attached to the axis of the Transit. ... The pivots are 1" diameter, of bell-metal. ... The Transit Instrument and Jones Mural Circle were used by Robinson to compile the publication: "Places of 5345 Stars observed from 1828 to 1854 at the Armagh Observatory". ...

Next: *imcalc* - Obtain a Up: Calibration Previous: Exposure Map . Background maps are provided by the standard processing for all ROSAT and Einstein instruments. For the PSPC and IPC these are in three standard bands: soft, hard, and broad (Table 6.2). ... N.B.: ROSAT PSPC background maps in SASS 5-6 or higher are generated by smoothing a source-subtracted, exposure corrected image (see the ROSAT Data Products Guide). ... imcalc* - Obtain a background subtracted image for ROSAT PSPC Data . ...

STEP INTO THE BLUE - MEADE INSTRUMENTS PRODUCT GUIDE . ... Telescopes . LX850 Series . ... Superb optical performance coupled with time proven computerized pointing and tracking has made the LX200 ACF series a best-seller in the high-performance telescope class. ... Meade's revolutionary LS LightSwitchтДв series of telescopes use advanced technologies to do what no other consumer telescopes have done before: take all the hassle out of using a telescope. ... Coronado€о Solar . ... Spotting Scopes . ...

... AAS link ] . ... Our internal perspective makes it difficult to determine the spiral structure of our own galaxy. ... H I absorption, on the other hand, traces colder, denser gas that should be more confined in discrete clouds and perhaps discrete spiral arms. In addition, H I self-absorption (HISA) requires background H I emission at the same velocity as the foreground absorbing gas, thus introducing a much-needed constraint on the large-scale sightline geometry and kinematics. ...

... Europa lander", Moscow >12.02.2009 Outline Planetary instruments for in-situ chemical analysis Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy: principle, instrumentation, features GENTNER proposal of the LIBS instrument for the Europa lander mission State-of-the-art of the instrument Page 2 von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH Int. Symp. ... Page 3 von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH Int. Symp. ... Europa lander", Moscow >12.02.2009 Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS): Principle Page 5 von Hoerner & Sulger GmbH Int. Symp. ...

... Created: 23 February 2001 . ... SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE MANUAL . ... 9 January 2001 . ... Note: in the final document, the table of contents will be to third level] . The Software Maintenance Manual describes the procedures for installation and maintenance of the software for the Gemini Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS). ... Section 19.4.3 of the document “Programmatic Requirements for Gemini Instrumentation Development” states the requirements for the Software Maintenance Manual . ...

... The J, H and K bands are characterized by a bright background, such a background is mainly due to the emission of atmospheric lines and of thermal radiation. ... If the source cover a large fraction of the slit, spectra off-source must be observed to adequately sample the sky background. ... The on chip integration time (time spent in each position of the slit) must not exceed 40 seconds in J and H bands and 60 seconds in K band. ... We suggest a sequence of 10 for each elementary integration time. ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...