Next: Antenna gain considerations and Up: Some theory Previous: Some theory . To provide correct flux density units for the visibilities, , from an interferometer, the measured correlation coefficient at the correlator ( ) needs to be scaled by a system temperature and a telescope sensitivity factor ( ). ... For a zenith opacity , observing at an elevation of , and if the atmosphere is approximated as having a uniform temperature , then the atmospheric contribution to system temperature is . ...

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... ALMA | ... Currently I spend most of my time working on advanced phase calibration techniques and instrumentation for ALMA . ... I joined the team in April 2009 and started by looking at the effects of the dispersive path delay on phase correction (ALMA Memo 590) . ... We're currently analysing the copious quantities of WVR test data recently taken (Jan-March 2010) at the high ALMA site. 50% of my time is dedicated to the ALMA atmospheric temperature profiler. ... ALMA Site . ... 2010 Emily Curtis |...

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• ALMA Phase Calibration Techniques at the Cavendish Astrophysics Group
• Introduction to phase correction for ALMA Bojan Nikolic web pages (r. 329)

The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Temperature Work in groups of 2-4. ... Due 1999 April 15 In this laboratory exercise, you will use the radio telescope on the roof of Science B to measure the intensity of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR). ... The output of the telescope when pointing at the sky will then be 2 Tsys = Trec + Tsky : The temperature of the sky can in principle arise from two sources, radiation from the atmosphere and radiation from outer space (the CMBR). ...

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• http://www.naic.edu/~phil/temp/pfg_obs_opt_depth.ps
• http://www.naic.edu/vscience/schedule/tpfiles/NicollstagT2876tp.pdf
• ALFA Calibration Diode Temperature (Full Band)

... On-line calibration consists of calibration operations performed to maintain the ALMA observing system properly tuned to successfully execute the planned observations. ... Among processing operations are the calibration of the atmospheric absorption, of phase radiometric correction, of pointing scans, of phase and amplitude reference measurements, .. ... In the mean time tests of the calibration software will proceed using both simulated data and data from the antenna prototypes...?re 1 . ...

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HIGH RESOLUTION IONOSPHERIC MASS SPECTROMETER P-11 . ... Onboard mass-spectrometric equipment for study of neutral and ionized components of Earth upper atmosphere. Mass-spectrometer P-11 is one of P-series modifications of the on board radio-frequency monopole spectrometers. ... The instruments of P-series have passed successful approbation in space experiments aboard geophysical rockets MP-12, launched for investigation of Earth upper atmosphere (Ref. ... Measured mass number range, AMU - 1.. ...

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• Practical Astrophysics
• INFRARED FOURIER-SPECTROMETER SICH-F
• Theoretical Astrophysics

... Because of the Earth 's gravity, atmosphere is horizontally stratified (see, e.g., Kelley, 1989). Its structure can be organized by using the neutral gas temperature, as shown in the figure from mid-latitudes (note the logarithmic altitude scale). When going upward from the ground within the lowermost atmospheric region, troposphere, the temperature decreases up to about 10 km altitude (tropopause). ... Here the radiation also ionizes the neutral atmosphere, creating the ionosphere . ... 1989. ...

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• Microwave Remote Sensing
• Global change [Oulu]
• Space Weather Dials Interpretation Guide

Next: Temperature and humidity Up: Observational data Previous: Comment field . Several other data are useful, or even essential. ... Additional instrumental parameters, like the size of the measuring aperture or the high voltage used on a photomultiplier, are essential and must be recorded for each observation if they vary. ... The Geneva quality-control parameters [ 3 ] may be available; again, they should have separate columns in the table. ... Temperature and humidity data . ...

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• Temperature and humidity data
• Magnitudes and Colors
• Eddington's Temperature of Space

In the PROJECT we are using the following peculiar . features of RATAN-600 . ... Brightness temperature sensitivity being equal to the antenna temperature sensitivity .. ... Receiver system .. ... Using aperture averaging effect. dual- beam and dual (multi-) frequency filtration, we demonstrated full filtration of the atmosphere noise down to the receiver noise at all scales of acoustics peaks ( Fig.1 , Fig 2 ). ... We select this frequency as the central one in our project. ... Antenna surface . ...

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• may_iss
• Experiment COLD: Limiting Factors and Characteristics of the RATAN
• Experiment COLD: Experimental Technique

... I have stellar model atmosphere program which is available to anyone at STScI. The program employs a complete linearization technique to achieve convergence for plane parallel, LTE model atmospheres from which the emergent flux is computed and spectral line strengths can be evaluated. ... This program can be used to model stars over a very large region of the HR diagram, from cool white dwarf stars (Teff=5000K) to main sequence stars of spectral type A, and perhaps brown dwarfs. ... 3/24/1998 ...

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• Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer Instrument Handbook for
• library.html
• Dark Backgrounds

... Electrode polarization measurements . ... Processing of ceramic materials, electrode systems and electrochemical cells . ... The technique is based on the measurements of a sample length variations with temperature or isothermal changes of the atmosphere, imploying the Linseis L75 vertical dilatometer. ... The gas system is equipped with a programmable gas-box, electrochemical oxygen pump and a sensor enabling to ajust and to continuously control the oxygen partial pressure in the range 10-21 - 1...

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• LEK - Equipment
• Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 3092 (1994): Neminsky et al. - Temperature dependence of
• LHPP ISSP RAS

... Blue Saturn . ... The image has been adjusted to approximate the natural blue color of visible sunlight scattered by the gas giant's upper atmosphere. ... This strange, false-color image of otherwise familiar planet Saturn shows temperature changes based on thermal infrared emission in the gas giant's atmosphere and rings. ... Heat Shield Impact Crater on Mars . ... Not everything seen on the night sky is understood. ... NGC 3132: The Eight Burst Nebula . ... The Radio Sky: Tuned to 408MHz . ...

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• Journal "Peremennye Zvezdy"
• Martian Dust Storm

Next: Quantum Efficiency Correction (a.k.a. Up: ROSAT HRI Recipes Previous: Appearance of new HRI . The mean pulse height analyzer channel (PHA) of a spectral distribution will vary depending on its location on the detector. Below is a method to compare observed data with that of preflight calibration measurements. ... For temporal gain variations, see The HRI Calbration Report . ... Retrieve the gain maps (mean PHA) from anonymous ftp at SAO. ... But don't forget temporal gain variations!] ...