... We will consider the rms, (K), for observations with a receiver of system temperature, T , frequency resolution, per polarization, and total integration time per observing cycle, . ... For ``in-band'' frequency switching, the line under investigation is always in the observing band. ... Position Switching or ``Out-of-Band'' Frequency Switching: Here the line is only observed for one half of the time, with noise being present all of the time. ...

Next: Initial ``fixes'' to millimetre Up: Practical loading and calibration Previous: Practical loading and calibration . ATCA millimetre observations are loaded into Miriad in much the same fashion as centimetre data: task atlod is used. One difference is that it is generally desirable to load both observing bands together, to allow joint calibration. A shortcoming of Miriad is that it is poor at handling multiple observing bands when the polarisation products differ between the bands . ...

... In order to realize the optimal scientific return from the VLT, ESO has undertaken to develop an end-to-end data flow system from proposal entry to science archive. The VLT Data Flow System (DFS) is being designed and implemented by the DFS Group (ESO Internal access only) in collaboration with VLT Division and Instrumentation Division . ... VLT Control System Interface . ... OBs are the quantum of data that flows within the DFS, collecting state, data and status information as they flow. ...

... Handbook Structure x . ... FOS Documentation 29-2 . General Outline for Handling FOS Data 29-3 . ... Contents of Delivered Data 30-1 . ... Assessing FOS Acquisitions 30-26 . Assessing FOS Science Observations 30-37 . Pipeline Calibration Overview 31-1 . Input Files 31-5 . ... Recalibrating FOS Data: A Checklist 31-26 . ... Calibration Accuracies 32-16 . ... GHRS History 34-2 . ... Assessing GHRS Data 35-13 . ... Assessing GHRS Science Data 35-29 . ... Recalibrating GHRS Data 36-13 . ...

... The process of proposing for Hubble Space Telescope observing time has been revised, to make it simpler for proposers. We describe the simple, flexible, and robust prototype system created to handle proposal submission. ... Proposing for Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) observing time proceeds in two phases: the scientific merits of the proposal are considered in Phase I; only accepted proposals enter Phase II, where the observations are described in complete detail. ...

... The choice of the spectrograph design (Fig.2) is determined by the quantity R, the overall dimensions of the PF cage and the restrictions on the rigidity of the structure of the device. ... As the camera's objective a fast 4-lens aplanat is used having a focal distance F cam =140 mm and a relative aperture of 1:1.8, the resolution at the centre is no less than 80 gr/mm, that over the field at a distance of 3 mm from the edge along the frame ( ) diagonal is 35 gr/mm. ...

... The J, H and K bands are characterized by a bright background, such a background is mainly due to the emission of atmospheric lines and of thermal radiation. ... If the source cover a large fraction of the slit, spectra off-source must be observed to adequately sample the sky background. ... The on chip integration time (time spent in each position of the slit) must not exceed 40 seconds in J and H bands and 60 seconds in K band. ... We suggest a sequence of 10 for each elementary integration time. ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...

Slithead identification (which slithead is installed?) will be sensed and reported by the on-board spectrograph computer. ... Observer's software to handle spectrographic observations will be written by JHU and installed on the Fermilab supplied observatory workstation. ... UW will be responsible for the slithead latch-down control. ... Database computer at APO: The observer's software will query the observatory database for information on the currently installed fiber cartridge. ...

. Next: Typical Run Up: Astrophysical Context Previous: Broadening Function . INPUT . Z source. The user is supposed to have determined the continuum and the emission line characteristics. Atomic data, for each transition . SAKL = . f . g . g . For each absorption line . N . b . P ( ) : position ? ngstroms of the observed absorption feature. OUTPUT . v . Rein Warmels . Mon Jan 22 15:08:15 MET 1996

... They are concerned with Attitude Control System of the spacecraft, satellite visibility from tracking stations, limits on the satellite autonomous operations during the orbit, and needs for auxiliary operations with the spacecraft. ... Among the operational constraints the most important one is the number of programmed slews per orbit, which determines the maximum number of radio sources to be observed during one orbit. ... System temperature (K) . ... Progress of the RadioAstron Project in Pictures...

Next: NICMOS/HST H-band (F160W) Images Up: NICMOS Science Previous: HST NICMOS Observations of . ... Observations of P . ... The NICMOS team has devised a comprehensive program of observations of the Galactic Center. ... Data in hand give a first look at variability and a detailed look at the search for the tip of the main sequence will be discussed where NICMOS has demonstrated adequate sensitivity and photometric precision to identify likely O8-B1 stars at the Galactic Center. ...

... Observing . ... Solar Observing . ... April 3 (SUN) - Solar Observing, Central Park , Manhattan . ... APRIL'S SKY . ... Lecture Series at the American Museum of Natural History The Amateur Astronomers Association is proud to present an astronomy lecture series from October through May each year for our members and the .. ... The€аAmateur Astronomers Association of New York€аwas organized in 1927 to promote the study of Astronomy, emphasizing its cultural and inspirational value. ...

... The observing season of Jupiter's Galilean satellites (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) occultations start in Ireland on the 24th of July and end on the 11th of November. The occultations are seen from Earth only once every six years. ... See the page dedicated to the observers who never made such observations. ... I mage: the famous dark spot discovery photo by Anthony Wesley, taken on 19 July 2009 from Australia . ... International Year of Astronomy, Ireland National Node . ...

... About ATMoB . ... The Observing Committee is starting an Observing Awards Program to promote observing among the membership of the Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston. ... Participant must be a current member of the Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston . ... To qualify for your Observing Award Certificate, turn in your worksheet and drawings to an ATMoB Observing Committee member or observing@atmob.org . ... This Excel sheet has useful macros. ... Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. ...

... The following charts/text are intended as tools for monitoring the Type Ia supernovae ( SNe ) event visually or photographically (utilizing telescope equipped CCD equipment).The files include: A replication of The Type Ia SNe , V- magnitude (with data point checks from other cited references)and color index (B-V) templete (to indicate a general color-related trend of the type Ia ... I believe this might help alleviate some of the problems involving the making of acceptable amateur light curves...

RADIOASTROPHYSICAL DEPARTMENT • INSTITUTE OF SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS RAS SB . Support of activities at the Radio telescope General information Main characteristics of the Radio telescope Observing programs General view of the antenna array Main research areas Principle of generation of radio images Radio telescope 's beam Receiving systems Main characteristics of the base receiving-recording complex Calibrations Data archive and databases Publication of ... 9.4 GHz band. ...

More about Handling Difficult Questions (and Difficult People) . ... Role-playing exercises can be an excellent way for you and your club members to share effective ways to interact with the public in difficult situations. ... Plan to allow 20 minutes for each scenario -- 5 minutes for the role-playing and 15 minutes for a discussion. ... Sharing the Universe is based upon work supported by the Informal Education Division of the National Science Foundation under Grant no DRL-0638873. ...

... Recent Topics . ... MAO main . ... Fw: ASTRONET: Task 5.4 - observing schools . ... Subject: Re: ASTRONET: Task 5.4 - observing schools . ... with the organization and carrying out observing schools. ... second half of September, and which will be funded by the training and . ... intended for master and starting PhD students. ... actions on observing schools, providing access for students, Master . ... observing schools for master students. ... in form of observing schools for pre-PhD students. ...