... 2.3 Establishing the Extragalactic Distance Scale . ... 2.3.2 The Second Rung: Distances to stellar clusters . ... 2.3.4 Distances to Local Group Galaxies . ... The Luminosity Function of Planetary Nebulae . ... 3.2.2 Clusters of Galaxies . ... 4.2 Evidence for Dark Matter as a Function of Scale Size . ... 4.3 Other Dark Matter Indicators for Galaxies . ... What is the nature of the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe as traced by the three-dimensional galaxy distribution? ...

Two groups are measuring distant supernovae with the goal of determining whether the Universe is open or closed by measuring the curvature in the Hubble diagram. The figure below shows both data sets: Perlmutter et al. (1997) and (1998) in black and Garnavich et al. (1997) in orange. The curves show a closed Universe (Omega = 2) in red, the critical density Universe (Omega = 1) in black, the empty Universe (Omega = 0) in green, and the steady state model in blue. ... Tutorial : Part 1 | ...

The ESA/ESO Astronomy Exercise Series 2 . The Distance to Messier 100 as Determined by Cepheid Variable Stars . ... The small variations in distance to the individual Cepheid variable stars in the Cloud are negligible compared with the much larger distance to the SMC. ... In this way Cepheid variable stars can be used as one of the 'standard candles' in the Universe that act either as distance indicators themselves or can be used to calibrate (or set the zero point for) other distance indicators. ...

HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE DAILY REPORT #1858 PERIOD COVERED: 0000Z (UTC) 04/16/97 - 0000Z (UTC) 04/17/97 Daily Status Report as of 107/0000Z 1.0 ACTIVITIES SCHEDULED AND ACCOMPLISHED: 1.1 Completed NIC/2/3 7053 (NICMOS Limb Avoidance Determination) The Near Infrared Cameras (Cameras Two and Three) were used to = make limb avoidance determination observations. ... The observations were = executed as schedule, and no anomalies were noted. ...

... For more distant stars we must use other techniques. ... Hence if we see a distant galaxy and can pick out any cepheids lying within it, we can calculate its distance. ... Here then is another method to gauge the size of the Universe and there are yet more. volume at high enough temperature a nuclear fusion reaction sweeps across the white dwarf's surface and eventually we will see a spectacularly bright new star (hence nova) in our skies. ... Why is this relevant to the size of the Universe? ...

Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, . Moscow, Russia . Supernovae make us brighter .. Search russian astronomical resources . Mirror of International Supernovae Network ( Original site ) . Catalogue of Supernovae Stars . HTTP access to SAI Catalogue of Supernovae Stars . SAI SN Light Curves Online . ... Sternberg Astronomical Institute ( in Russian ) . ... Astronet - Russian Astronomical Network . ... Russian Foundation for Basic Research . ...

Next: NICMOS/HST H-band (F160W) Images Up: NICMOS Science Previous: HST NICMOS Observations of . ... Observations of P . ... The NICMOS team has devised a comprehensive program of observations of the Galactic Center. ... Data in hand give a first look at variability and a detailed look at the search for the tip of the main sequence will be discussed where NICMOS has demonstrated adequate sensitivity and photometric precision to identify likely O8-B1 stars at the Galactic Center. ...

2014 May version . ... Green D. A., 2014 , Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India, 42 , 47-58. ( .pdf , or arXiv.org:1409.0637 ) If you make use of the detailed version of the catalogue, then plaese also cite: . Green D. A., 2014, `A Catalogue of Galactic Supernova Remnants (2014 May version)' , Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom (available at "http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/surveys/snrs/" ). ... Copyright D. A. Green 2014. 25872nd access to this version of the catalogue. ...

Problem Set 2 - Cosmology­A3002 ­Due on or before November 7th. Can be sent via internal mail (Brian Schmidt, RSAA) use H0=70 km/s/Mpc, M=0.27, =0.73, w=-1 for all problems. ... Finish off your Monte Carlo simulation by selecting objects at random redshifts from 0<z<0.1, assuming that they have a mean absolute magnitude of M=-19.5 with a dispersion 0.2 magnitudes. ... Problem 2.1 (2 pt): In class we described the scale at which material can collapse in the Universe as the Jeans' length. ...

... The bright supernova (hereafter SN) in the galaxy NGC 4527 was first sighted by S. Knight (USA) on April 13.17UT at magnitude ~14.0v. The report of the sighting was subsequently forwarded by phone to the AAVSO. ... SN 1991T. The galaxy NGC 4527 is an Sb(s)II type galaxy with an apparent Blue magnitude of 11.32 (Shapley-Ames, 1981). ... An analysis of this event utilizing visual observations by amateurs, plus a light curve is presented.. ... THE LIGHT CURVE: . ... ISN SN 1991T web page . ...

True Color Image Gallery: Galactic SNR | Magellanic Cloud SNR . ... Radio Images Page . ... Exposure uf . ... Exposure uf Exposure time of unfiltered event file . Exposure f Exposure time of filtered event file . ... Event 2 FITS File . ... AUX file . ... Region . ... see fit detail page for more about the fit. see chandra spectrum page for region used. Images in Several Energy Bands . ... Spectra of Several Regions . ... 1.0" . ... in central region . ... in central region, double? ...

The azimuth encoder rack gear is mounted on the inside of the azimuth ring girder. The azimuth encoder turns on this gear as the azimuth moves 0 to 720 degrees. ... The software assumes that this arc length along the encoder rack gear is correct (at a constant radius of 127/2 feet). The error in the radius of the rack gear becomes an azimuth error. To measure the error in the azimuth encoder rack gear, jon hagen built a proximity sensor. ... To compute the az encoder runout error: . ...

... Home Education Classes AAA Winter Astronomy Class: Measuring Distances in Space тАУ Dec 2015 тАУ Feb 2016 . ... Classes . AAA Fall Astronomy Class: Astronomy Basics тАУ October-November 2015 . AAA Winter Astronomy Class: Measuring Distances in Space тАУ Dec 2015 тАУ Feb 2016 . AAA Spring Astronomy Class: The Physics of Astronomy тАУ February - March 2016 . ... This MonthтАЩs Sky тАУ April 2016 . ... Dec. ... Observing Resources for Amateur Astronomers - Part 1: Beginning Observers . ...

... Research . ... The major problem in HVC research is the unknown distance towards most of the HVCs. ... Thilker et al. (2004) used the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) to map an area of $7^{\circ} \times 7^{\circ}$ around M31 in H i . They discovered a population of HVCs located within a projected distance of about $50~\mathrm{kpc}$ from M31. ... 2004). ... The remaining HVCs around M31 are isolated in position and velocity and may represent primordial, dark-matter-dominated clouds. ...

Next: - for Supernova Explosions Up: Evolution of Supernova Explosion Previous: The Supernovae Rates . ... For a homogeneous space distribution of sources, - is a linear law with slope 3/2 (in other words, because and , where R is a distance to sample source). ... Then, for the homogeneous space distribution of sources, the - dependence would be , where C is some constant. However, for distant objects - depends not only on the space distribution of the sources, but also on some other factors. ...

... Credit Copyright: Tycho Brahes Glada Vдnner Explanation: Tycho Brahe was the most meticulous astronomical observer of his time. ... To do this he and his assistants created the first major astronomical observatory where they devised and used the most accurate pre-telescopic astronomical instuments. ... Brahe is also remembered for witnessing a supernova in 1572, showing that the Great Comet of 1577 was not an atmospheric phenomena, and for his metal nose . ... Tychos Supernova Remnant . ...

Detection technique . We are using ISIS , the optimal image subtraction method developed by C. Alard & R.H. Lupton, to search for SNe in our images. ... The second image shows the same subtraction, but after the convolution of the best image with ISIS: . ... For this reason, we are suggested to search for nuclear SNe with NICMOS on HST, to exploit its stable PSF, sensitivity and angular resolution to detect from space nuclear obscured SNe which might have been missed by ground-based surveys. ...

Supernova Cosmology: Legacy and Future, (preprint) . Goobar, A. and Leibundgut, B. Annual Reviews of Nuclear and Particle Science , 2011, 61, 251 . Cosmological Implications from observations of Type Ia Supernovae, . ... Type Ia Supernovae, . ... Leibundgut, B., Suntzeff, N. B. in "Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts", 2003, . ... Cosmology with Supernovae, . ... Leibundgut, B. in Frontiers of Cosmology, 2005, . ... Twenty Years of SN 1987A . ... ApJS, accepted . ... ApJ, 782, 28 . ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... Mad Science . ... Keep Bad Astronomy close to your heart, and help make me filthy rich. ... How did early astronomers determine the distance form earth to the sun, and what method is used today to determine distances in space? ... Since Huygens knew the Sun-Venus-Earth angle (from the phases), and he could directly measure the Sun-Earth-Venus angle (simply by measuring Venus' apparent distance from the Sun on the sky) all he needed was to know the distance from Earth to Venus. ...

... The disc accretion process is an essential component of star and planet formation theories. ... Much of the detailed knowledge of the physical processes involved in disc accretion have been gained through observations of nearby ( Z ) of the local environment are thought to affect PMS disc accretion rates, and disc evolutionary timescales. ... I measure the accretion rates of these PMS stars using the intensities of the U /H band excess measured through either optical spectra or imaging. ...