... Spectrosc., 90 , 574-579. [ abstract (in English; ASCII file); paper (in Russian; PS file)] . ... Astronomy Letters, 26 , N 10, 679-690. [ abstract (ASCII file); paper (PDF file)] . ... 2001) . ... 72 , N 5, 607-612. [ abstract (ASCII file); paper (PS file)] . ... Scattering and polarization properties of the non-spherical particles. in: Smith W.L., Timofeyev Y.M. (eds.) IRS 2000: Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, A.Deepak Publ. (in press) [ abstract (ASCII file); paper (PS file)] . ...

... COMPUTER SIMULATION OF RADIOWAVE MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECTS IN IONOSPHERE USING MONTE-CARLO METHOD . ... Distribution of reflected radiation on the ground is computed. ... Such influence can be remarkable if the scattering is multiple, i.e. the optical thickness for the scattering process is considerably greater than a unit. ... Radiation energy transfer in the slab is modeled by distribution of some particles carring small portions of radiation energy. ... The isotropic plasma approximation is...

We studied the radiative transfer in a spherical, two-phase clumpy medium, in which coherent, nonconservative scattering is the dominant opacity source and where the source of photons is situated at the center. ... We examined in detail the cloud mass spectrum, the distribution of optical depths, and the apparent fractal nature of the projected cloud structures. ... The expected reddening is substantially reduced for clumpy media. ...

Next: Standard orientation Up: Preprocessing Previous: Bias correction . In a similar manner, long dark exposures of the same exposure time can be averaged to produce the DARK frames. ... Use the command COMPUTE/IMAGE to multiply the images by the exposure time and to add back the value for FLAT_BKG . ... Often, BIAS and DARK contain no large - scale structure. ... The commands AVERAGE/IMAGE and AVERAGE/WEIGHT offer number of options to compare the images and filter particle hits. ...

... Files in red?history) . ... Trapped Motion . ... 10a. Particle Drift . ... Fast Particles . ... The fact charged particles circle around field lines was well known to J.J. Thomson when he experimented with electron and ion beams in a magnetic field. ... The notion of adiabatic invariance is tied with the early years of quantum theory. ... By about1910, physicists realized that these patterns indicated changes in the laws of physics as one approached atomic dimensions. ...

... Magnetic Storms . ... Cosmic Rays . ... Energetic Particles . ... Solar fast Particles . We cannot observe the way the distant universe accelerates cosmic rays or produces energetic photons, but acceleration processes also occur on our Sun , though on a much more moderate scale. ... That is why such events are often missed by cosmic ray detectors near the equator, where the lowest energies are excluded by the Earth's magnetic field. ... Should we be concerned about solar energetic radiation? ...

... The polarimetry group at the Arcetri Observatory has been working for several years, mainly from the theoretical-interpretative side, on the polarization of the radiation emitted by objects of astrophysical interest. ... E. Landi Degl'Innocenti "The physics of polarization" in "Astrophysical Spectropolarimetry", J. Trujillo Bueno, F. Moreno Insertis, F. Sanchez (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 1. ... E. Landi Degl'Innocenti "The Zeeman effect: applications to solar physics" Astron. ...

NATIONAL ASTRONOMY AND IONOSPHERE CENTER . ... Astronomy . ... Visitor Center . ... Kick-Off Ceremony of the Arecibo Observatory 50th Anniversary . ... Visit to AO of Hon. ... A group of Nuclear and Particle Physicists that are in Puerto Rico participating in their Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics visited the Arecibo Observatory on April 12, 2012. ...

Blackholes2 Forum Message . Forums: . ... Firtual Particles Are Not Only Particle Pairs . ... Posted by Richard Ruquist on October 19, 2004 12:03:20 UTC . ... Vacuum production of virtual particle pairs cannot violate the uncertainty principle. ... This theory is dual to the particle theory of gravitons. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

It is now possible to specify multiple log files, each with a fully customizable format. ... Multiple log files are implemented as part of the mod_log_config module which as of Apache 1.2 is the default log module. Multiple log files be created with either the TransferLog or CustomLog directive. These directives can be repeated to create more than one log file (in previous releases, only one logfile could be given per server configuration). ... Syntax: CustomLog filename "format" . ...

. Next: Synchrotron radiation Up: Radiation processes and geometry Previous: Polar cap and Outer . љ . Charged particles spiralling around field lines . Larmor Freq. MHz G . Strongly velocity dependent . љ љ . Figure 62: . Jon Bell . Thu Dec 19 15:15:11 GMT 1996

Next: Field of View Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Back Illumination . The CCD acts as a storage medium, and with frame times of the order seconds, there is no obvious method of employing prompt co-incidence rejection of charged particle events. ... In conventional CCDs, a m track length results in an equivalent energy deposition of 5 - 6 keV, and significant confusion with X-ray events arises. ... A trade-off between rejection efficiency and spectroscopic efficiency is required. ...

The above process keeps the # of protons and the # of neutrons in the early Universe constant. This is extremely important and will result in a testable prediction later. Remember, a free neutron (one that is not bound in an atomic nucleus) will decay into a proton + electron (+ anti-neutrino) in about 900 seconds. ... During this epoch, the proton-to-neutron ratio is 1.0 . ... The Universe consists of protons, neutrons and electrons plus a photon background and a neutrino background. ...

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

... In brief: the frequency-dependent radiative transfer equation is solved for a dust under assumption of spherically-symmetric geometry for its distribution taking into account particle size distribution and quantum heating effects for the very small dust particles. ... Table: Model parameters for IRAS04296+3429. ... parameter . ... hot dust shell) . ... The best fit to the spectral energy distribution of IRAS04296 is shown by heavy solid line (see Table2 for details concerning parameters of the model...

. This artwork depicts the central engine of a gamma-ray burst. A powerful jet of radiation and fast-moving particles blasts its way out of the central region of a dying star. The jet is presumably powered by material spiraling into a black hole or neutron star. Multiple episodes of infall provides fuel for the engine, leading to the burst and later X-ray flares. NASA/SkyWorks Digital

... Ah ha~ Once I questioned, ?what is systematic error?? (see [Q] systematic error. Thanks to L. Lyons? work discussed in [ArXiv] Particle Physics , I found this paper, titled Systematic Errors describing the concept and statistical inference related to systematic errors in the field of particle physics. ... Tags: coverage , Heinrich , likelihood , Lyons , nuisance parameter , objective priors , p-value , particle physics , statistical error , subjective priors , systematic error . ...

Find Similar Abstracts . ... Interaction between free electrons and electromagnetic radiation . ... ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING, ELECTRON PLASMA, FREE ELECTRONS, PARTICLE INTERACTIONS, PLASMA-ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERACTION, ANISOTROPIC MEDIA, BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE, CIRCULAR POLARIZATION, DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION, INTEGRAL EQUATIONS, KINETIC EQUATIONS, PHOTONS, SOLITARY WAVES, THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM, THOMSON SCATTERING . ...

... Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach Zh.M., Zakharova N.T. Direct demonstration of the concept of unrestricted effective-medium approximation. ... Dlugach J.M., Mishchenko M.I. Effects of nonsphericity on the behavior of Lorenz-Mie resonances in scattering characteristics of liquid-cloud droplets. ... Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach J.M., Yanovitskij E.G. Multiple light scattering by polydispersions of randomly distributed, perfectly-aligned, infinite Mie cylinders illuminated perpendicularly to their axes. ...

... Particle Sizes in Saturns Rings . ... Credit Copyright: RSS , JPL , ESA , NASA Explanation: What size particles compose Saturn's rings? To help find out, the robot Cassini spacecraft now orbiting Saturn broadcast radio waves of three different wavelengths right through the rings to Earth earlier this month. The experiment was sensitive to ring particle sizes because ring particles much larger than a broadcast radio wavelength will reflect those radio waves away. ... NASA Official: Jay Norris. ...