Next: The FMAPE Algorithm Up: HST Image Restoration with Previous: Introduction . ... We shall work with the following model: an object emits light with intensity given by a spatial distribution . The light is focused by the optical system over a detector array consisting of individual discrete and independent detectors. ... We assume that the detection process is Poisson distributed. ... The imaging equation corresponding to this model is: . Equation ( 1 ) in discrete form becomes: . ...

... Archives . ... Reduced and Processed Data . ... 2 distribution plays an incredibly important role in astronomical data analysis, but it is pretty much a black box to most astronomers. ... Comment ( RSS ) | ... I guess in the typical analysis we call chi2 a ?random variable? that follows the chi2 distribution: . ... where D(i) is the observed data, M(i) is the model predicted data and we ?silently? assume that D(i) is normally distributed and each i measurement is independent. ... Chandra Blog . ...

Distribution of the analyzed SEPs with different >100 MeV proton fluxes ( J 100 ) at the microwave flux density plane ' S 9 vs. ... 1) General correspondence takes place between intensities of microwave bursts and proton fluxes - J 100 increases when S 9 and S 15 rise. ... 3) Powerful microwave bursts ( S 9 , S 15 >3000-10000 sfu ) with hard radio spectra ( S 9 < S 15 ) correspond to majority of powerful proton fluxes ( J 100 >10 pfu ). ...

... In some cases where memory space is at a premium, it is possible to tailor the configuration to remove such features as reference clock driver support, debugging support, and so forth. ... The following lines are used in this file: . ... The DEFS_LOCAL line defines global flags that apply to all machines. Ordinarily, the only flags included are the -DDEBUG , which includes the debugging code, and -DREFCLOCK , which includes basic reference clock support. ... D_INCLUDE_BSD_SOURCE . ...

Results on nonequilibrium distributions of charged particles and radioisotope sources of current are as the following: . the new power-law distribution of charged particles in nonequilibrium media, for example, in the thin metalic films, under powerful energy source pumping were obtained ( together with V.I.Karas, V.M.Kontoriovich, V.E.Novikov); . ...

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . ... Quasi-stationary electron distributions for the different values of the particle escape time. ... The electron-cyclotron maser instability is widespread in the Universe, producing, e.g., radio emission of the magnetized planets and cool substellar objects. ... The model used takes into account the radiation escape from the source region and the particle flow through this region. ...

... The polarimetry group at the Arcetri Observatory has been working for several years, mainly from the theoretical-interpretative side, on the polarization of the radiation emitted by objects of astrophysical interest. ... E. Landi Degl'Innocenti "The physics of polarization" in "Astrophysical Spectropolarimetry", J. Trujillo Bueno, F. Moreno Insertis, F. Sanchez (eds.), Cambridge University Press, 1. ... E. Landi Degl'Innocenti "The Zeeman effect: applications to solar physics" Astron. ...

... The pinhole simulation program is a computationally and memory intensive task. ... A parallel version was developed instead, to enable distributed processing on a cluster of workstations. The program makes use of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard for parallel processing, implemented as an API (Application Programming Interface) to the Local Area Multicomputer (LAM) programming environment developed at the Ohio Supercomputer Center. ...

... COMPUTER SIMULATION OF RADIOWAVE MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECTS IN IONOSPHERE USING MONTE-CARLO METHOD . ... Distribution of reflected radiation on the ground is computed. ... Such influence can be remarkable if the scattering is multiple, i.e. the optical thickness for the scattering process is considerably greater than a unit. ... Radiation energy transfer in the slab is modeled by distribution of some particles carring small portions of radiation energy. ... The isotropic plasma approximation is...

Next: Polarization efficiency: size/shape/orientation effects Up: Optical properties of cosmic Previous: The 2175? feature . To model the interstellar polarization one needs to calculate the forward-transmitted radiation for an ensemble of non-spherical aligned dust grains. ... Let non-polarized stellar radiation passes through a dusty cloud with a homogeneous magnetic field. ... The angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field is ( ). ... where the angle is connected with and ( ). ...

ION AND ELECTRON ENERGY DETECTOR PAN-2 . ... The energy and angular distributions of charged particles can bring further information on the nature and spatial scales of magnetospheres processes. ... It permits the fast measurements of energy and angular parameters of charged particles in the range 40eV-40keV. ... The sensor unit is an electron electrostatic, axially symmetrical, toroidal analyzer. ... The energy range for both types of charged particles must stepped according to the logarithmic scale. ...