Next: Reduction procedure Up: Extinction and transformation Previous: Strategy . Standard stars can be included in the extinction solution, if one is careful. The problem is that there are usually appreciable ``conformity errors'' due to mismatch between the instrumental and the standard passbands [ 16 ]. ... Thus, it is wrong to assume that the transformation between the instrumental system and the standard system is exact, even if there were no measurement error in either system [ 1 ]. ...

... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

... Standard Commands . ... TwistedActor.Actor is core code for writing an actor: an instrument control computer (ICC) or hub-based script that does something useful. This manual describes the standard commands and keywords that any actor based on TwistedActor.Actor will support. All actors based on TwistedActor typically support the following standard commands (plus additional device-specific commands documented in that actor's manual). ... Connect one or more devices (if not already connected). ...

multi-rsh is a perl script which runs the same command on multiple machines, in parallel, and provides reasonable, adjustable timeouts for those machines which fail to answer. Both standard output and standard error are returned through the same channel, and all output has the hostname prepended to each line. Multi-rsh must be run as root (remote jobs can be set to run as any user, see Options below). ... Neither form allows you to directly pass input to the remote programs. ...

... The first step to improve the FORS calibration is therefore to obtain data to allow a computation of the illumination correction across the field. ... Another limitation on the calibration accuracy has been the brightness of the Landolt standards which have forced the use of extremely short exposures introducing small but non-negligible shutter-time errors and also resulting in a very small number of useful standards per frame. ...

... The two common precisions single precision (SP) and double precision (DP) on a system based on IEEE 754 can specified with INTEGER , PARAMETER :: SP = SELECTED_ REAL _ KIND (6,37) INTEGER , PARAMETER :: DP = SELECTED_ REAL _ KIND (15,307) REAL ( KIND =SP) :: single_ precision _variables REAL ( KIND =DP) :: double _ precision _variables If we wish to work with at least 14 decimal ...

Next: Examples of Setup Files Up: Setup Files Previous: Setup Files Contents . Over 200 standard setup files have been created, covering many of the normal modes of observing. ... These especially include precisely defined, and somewhat complex cases like the Mark III standard modes (although MarkIII went the way of the dinosaur long ago. ... v '' files: . These are setup files for VLBI observations using VLBA recording formats. ... These are setup files for Mark III observations. ...

... This describes how to set up a VNC connection using standard MacOS programs. ... Before opening the VNC viewer, you will need to SSH onto remote to start a VNC session on dataview, as described above. ... When you open Chicken, you will get a VNC Login window with a number of fields on the right.. ... If you get this wrong (or if you entered your VNC password incorrectly on the VNC login screen), you will get an Authentication Failed message and will be asked again to Enter password to retry . ...

... The pinhole simulation program is a computationally and memory intensive task. ... A parallel version was developed instead, to enable distributed processing on a cluster of workstations. The program makes use of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard for parallel processing, implemented as an API (Application Programming Interface) to the Local Area Multicomputer (LAM) programming environment developed at the Ohio Supercomputer Center. ...

... This table shows how each STEP-PATT pattern measures the background for a science exposure. Listed are the STEP-PATT number, the number of spectrum bins for which substepping occurs, the number of background bins measured, the diodes used to measure the background, the fraction of the total time spent measuring flux on the science diodes, the gratings for which the STEP-PATT is appropriate, and the shortest exposure that can be used for that pattern. ... Table 8.3: - STEP-PATT Specifications . ...

... The material in "From Stargazers to Starships" meets several important requirements of the national standards. Pages cited below are from National Science Education Standards National Academy Press, Washington 1995. ... For example: the sections on astronomy not only describe calendars and sundials (including their construction), but also the astronomy of the ancient Greeks, including two different ways in which ancient Greeks estimated the distance to the Moon. ...

The NTP standard specifies an extension which provides cryptographic authentication of received NTP packets. ... The specification allows any one of possibly 4 billion keys, numbered with 32-bit key identifiers, to be used to authenticate an association. ... In the case of MD5, the keys are 64 bits (8 bytes). xntpd reads its keys from a file specified using the -k command line option or the keys statement in the configuration file. ... A zero key in NTP format would be specified as 8080808080808080 . ...

... Version 1.21.1 : - 2002-01-27 (CB) Fixed configuration file (SPR 2723). ... Code also tidied up. ... Version 1.8: 18 September 1998 Used correct syntax for parameter lists in .par file SPR 517: Version 1.7: 14 August 1998 parse call removed SPR 500 closed : removed cal from test/Makefile Version 1.6: 17 June 1998 SPR 441 closed : test harness now checks some values SPR 440 closed : .par file changed SPR 439 closed : file permissions changed Version 1.5: 21 May 1998...

... Epistemology is a part of the study of Philosophy dealing with how we use our senses to know something about the world. ... Yet we know that we can be deceived by our senses. ... If we cannot always trust our senses, how can we ever know anything for certain about the world? ... A branch of epistemology that has come into vogue in the last 10-15 years is the problem of consciousness. ... What relationship is there between our conscious experience and the true nature of the physical world? ...

... The sample of the Local Volume galaxies (distance smaller than 10 Mpc) gives a unique opportunity to study the properties of galaxies including the weakest objects: the absolute magnitude M B -10 and the virial mass M vir 10 9 M x263C;. ... Luminosity function of the Local Volume galaxies. ... The luminosity functions for galaxies are presented: red dashed line - from the 2dFGRS survey (Norberg et al. 2002); blue dash-dotted line - from the SDSS survey (Blanton et al. ...

The Apache HTTP Server provides a mechanism for storing information in named variables that are called environment variables . ... For additional flexibility, the directives provided by mod_setenvif allow environment variables to be set on a per-request basis, conditional on characteristics of particular requests. ... As discussed above, the environment passed to CGI scripts includes standard meta-information about the request in addition to any variables set within the Apache configuration. ...

... This file is intended to provide a basic functional overview of the EISA Bus, so that hobbyists and amateurs can design their own EISA compatible cards. ... EISA is upwardly compatible, which means that cards originally designed for the 8 bit IBM bus (often referred to as the XT bus) and cards designed for the 16 bit bus (referred to as the AT bus, and also as the ISA bus), will work in an EISA slot. ... This is used by the slave device to inform the bus master that it is capable of 16 bit transfers...

... N.A.Bobylev, Yu.M.Burman, Morse lemmas for functionals of the variational calculus, Func.Anal.Appl., ... N.A.Bobylev, Yu.M.Burman. ... N.A.Bobylev, Yu.M.Burman, A.B.Shubin, Algorithms for control with a minimal number of switchings, Automation and remote control , V.53, 5:619, 1992. ... TeX file ) . ... Quadratic Poisson brackets compatible with an algebra structure . ... Yu.M.Burman. ... Yu.M.Burman, Whitney's index formula in higher dimensions and Laplace integrals , Preprint math.DG/9801044 . ...

... AMPLE (Adaptable Minor Planet Ephemerides) is integrated software package to deal with a number of problems concerning minor planets with the aid of IBM-type personal computer. ... compiling a list of all numbered minor planets which can be seen at certain moment within specified sky region and visualization of their mutual positions; . ... As AMPLE is able to reproduce virtually any table of "the Ephemerides of Minor Planets" , it may be considered as computer version of the EMP. ...

... Dark matter in normal galaxies . ... I will pay attention to such issues as the constraints on dark matter profile, micro-lensing counts from the galactic bar, rotation and the structure of the bar. One of the central issues of the modeling is the exchange of the angular momentum between the disk and the dark matter. ... Our results indicate that in realistic models the exchange of angular momentum between the bar and the dark matter is much smaller than previously estimated. ...