... Some existing (e.g., USNO-A1.0) and most of the upcoming catalogs (e.g., GSC-II SDSS , GAIA ) contain data for half a billion up to several billion objects. ... Here we present methods for structuring and searching very large catalogs to provide fast access to the coordinate domain of the parameter space. ... By generalising such methods it is also possible to produce catalog structures and indexes for accessing a multi dimensional parameter space. ...