Next: The Chandra Automatic Data Processing Infrastructure . ... This is done with a Kalman filter and Rauch-Tung-Striebel (RTS) smoother, which are key components of the overall aspect solution software. ... The schematic shown in Figure 1 illustrates the basic flow of the Kalman filter design for Chandra aspect determination (Gelb 1974, TRW Memorandum 1996). ... Figure 1: Chandra Aspect Kalman Filter Schematic. ... The filter alone is not able to use future data to produce estimates. ...

The Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Statistic . This statistic enables us to test whether observed frequencies are close to . those we would expect. ... Expected frequencies . ... For example, if we . have an honest die we would expect 1/6 of all cases to show any of . ... So, for example, if we roll a die 60 times we would expect : . ... If we actually roll a die 60 times we wouldn't expect each of the faces . ... times each face actually comes up is the observed frequency for that face. ...

... Moons, Rings, and Unexpected Colors on Saturn . ... Credit: Cassini Imaging Team , SSI , JPL , ESA , NASA Explanation: Why would Saturn show such strange colors? The robotic Cassini spacecraft currently orbiting Saturn has beamed back images showing that the northern hemisphere our Solar System 's most spectacularly ringed planet has changed noticeably since Cassini arrived in 2004, now sporting unusual and unexpected colors. ... Publications with keywords: Saturn - cassini spacecraft . ...

... 2008 October 20 . Moons, Rings, and Unexpected Colors on Saturn . Credit: Cassini Imaging Team , SSI , JPL , ESA , NASA . Explanation: Why would Saturn show such strange colors? The robotic Cassini spacecraft currently orbiting Saturn has beamed back images showing that the northern hemisphere our Solar System 's most spectacularly ringed planet has changed noticeably since Cassini arrived in 2004, now sporting unusual and unexpected colors. ... About APOD | ...

The overall efficiency (including atmospheric transmission, reflectivity of the telescope mirrors and overall efficiency of the optics and of the detector) for broad-band imaging should be about 25% in H and K, and about 15% in J. The main noise source for both broad- and narrow-band imaging should be the photon noise associated to the background+source flux. ... Flat fielding (and possibly background subtraction) might increase the noise by a factor 2 ? ...

... Posts tagged ?IDL? ... We astronomers are rather fond of approximating our counting statistics with Gaussian error distributions, and a lot of ink has been spilled justifying and/or denigrating this habit. ... I ran a simple Monte Carlo based test to compute the expected bias between a Poisson sample and the ?equivalent? ... Tags: bias , gaussian , IDL , Poisson . ... 2 Comments . ... Entries RSS . ... vlk on [MADS] Parallel Coordinates . upvc windows on [MADS] Parallel Coordinates . ...

Next: Analysis in the Up: MIDAS utilities for Previous: Fourier analysis . For the detection of smooth signals, e.g. sinusoids, use either SCARGLE/TSA or AOV/TSA with bins. ... SCARGLE/TSA -- . Scargle sine model: This command computes Scargle's (1982) periodogram for unevenly spaced observations x . ... In this way, the command can be used to perform a CLEAN-like analysis manually by removing individual oscillations one by one in the time domain (see Roberts et al. ... AOV/TSA -- . ...

... These are ``quirks'' rather than ``bugs''. Below is a list of quirks. When loading a file and ``Reset Intensity Upon File Load'' is disabled, the intensity range of the previous image will be used. ... When moving between two images (such as when blinking, or when loading a new image), the display system attempts to retain the old image parameters (i.e. zoom box). What is retained are the corners of the zoom box measured in image pixel co-ordinates, not world co-ordinates. ...

... HSP photometric accuracies are strongly dependent on the observational setup and observing conditions, such as spacecraft jitter. Absolute photometry can be done only with a one sigma limiting accuracy of approximately 5%, but relative photometry is possible with an accuracy of 1-2%. Estimated HSP Calibration Accuracies . Absolute Timing . ... Relative Timing . ... 1991 through summer 1993 monotonic decrease, . ... Absolute photometry . ... 5% (one sigma) . ... Relative photometry . ...

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Data Handling and Products > Data Reduction FAQ > I see unexpected boxy emission-like features in my REDL spectra - where do they come from? ... Observing with ESO Telescopes . ... ESO-MIDAS . ... ESO Data . ... The pipeline by default interpolates across the bad columns in the REDL CCD when it creates the master bias, but does not so when it processes the science data. This inconsistency can create boxy emission-like features as seen in the figure below. ...

Blackholes2 Forum Message . ... Post . ... Shifts Are As Would Be Expected. ... Post Message | ... Red and blue shifts can be caused by velocities also. ... The expectd result would be a red or blue shift proportional to the aparent distance an object is from the observer. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | Advertise on Astronomy Net | ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

... S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA . ... OAO RSC "Energia" . ... Company's History . ... History . Brief History of Rocket and Space Technology . ... Flights Chronology . ... Project History . ISS Russian Segment . Steps of ISS Assembly . Spaceflights Chronology . Chronology of Extravehicular Activity . ISS 45/46 . ... Rocket Space Complexes . ... Launches Chronology . ... Automatic Space Systems . ... HISTORY . ... 2015 JSC "S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia" . ...

... N. Kardashev and M. Popov informed the participants on the current IOC results. ... Kovalev). ... Agenda of the RadioAstron teleconference November 16, 2011 Corrections to the Agenda 1 2 3 4 5 6 IOC status and results Single Dish observation with RA VLBA observations to find best fringe search candidates Fringe search plan Early science program plan Tracking stations outside Russia N.Kardashev N. Kardashev / M.Popov V. Kostenko E.Fomalont M.Popov Y.Y. Kovalev / M.Popov /A.Alakoz ...

... Planets . ... Earth Satellites . ... The newly discovered ?mega-Earth? ... Its sibling, the lava world Kepler-10b, is in the background (the two planets? proximity is grossly exaggerated) .€а Kepler-10c has a diameter of about 29 000 km, 2.3 times as large as Earth, and weighs 17 times as much. ... The first mega-earth to be discovered is Kepler-10c which orbits a star lying about 560 light years from the Sun in the constellation Draco. ... Astronomers Find a New Type of Planet: The ?Mega-Earth? ...

... I.A.Dynnikov, Three-page approach to knot theory. ... Universal semigroup, Funktsional'nyi Analiz I Prilozhenija, 34 (2000), no.1, 29-40 (Russian); English translation in Functional Analysis and Its Appl. 34 (2000), no.1, 24-32. I.A.Dynnikov, Finitely presented groups and semigroups in knot theory. ... Math. 2000, no. ... English translation: Russian Math. ... A.Vershik, Numerical invariants of exponential groups, and a locally free approximation of braid groups (in Russian), Zapiski Nauchn. ...

CAL/OPS meetings M. Kirsch ESA/ESOC with input from the XMM FCT XMM-Newton | ESA/ESOC | HSO-OAX | ... Page 8 special events Collision avoidance in place (November 2011 ­ March 2012) Reaction wheel cage instability: · · XMM_SC-72, 2011-08-16, Reaction Wheel 1 unexpected increase in torque and current during stable pointing Switch of reaction wheel configuration from 1-2-3 to 2-3-4 in December 2011 4WD project · Wheel4 tested up to 3750 rpm in July MCS migration Fuel migration XMM-Newton | ...

The course will start on Tuesday 29th April 2008 and end on Friday 6th June 2008. Lectures" will be held on Tuesdays 2-3pm and Fridays on Fridays, 9.30-10.30 and 11.00 - 12.00. ... This will not be a conventional lecture course: it is intended to be far more hands-on and practical. Notes will be posted ahead of each lecture and everyone will be expected to have read and digested them ahead of each lecture. ... Statistics Notes: Part 1 . ... Radio Astronomy Notes: Part 1 , Part 1 . ...

Trail encounter . ... Expected meteor rates . ... The Leonids are the debris of Comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle. ... The Earth's passage right through the centre of trails is associated with the most spectacular meteor displays (studies show that, as well as how close to the centre of the trail you are, the strength of the display also depends on how far along a trail's length you are). ... The encounter with the 1932 trail will lead to enhanced meteor activity: a nice outburst, but below storm level. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Observing . ... Bob Berman . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... Observing springtime deep-sky objects with a large telescope . ... Dave's Universe . ... Bob Berman's Strange Universe . Bob Berman's strange universe: Expect a surprise . ... Get instant access to subscriber content on Astronomy.com! ... If you are already registered on Astronomy.com, please log in below. ... Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and more from Astronomy's weekly email newsletter. ...

Documentation for Delay Line Final Design Review - 12 Feb 2008 Notes: Anything marked in Status as [TBU] is definitely `To Be Updated' `Expected Date' refers to the expected date of release where this is likely to be different from the due date. ... TBU] INT-406-VEN-0112 MF/RCB/DMAW/EBS 22 Jan 08 22 Jan 08 Released. ... MF/XS/DMAW MF MF MF MF/XS/DMAW 22 Jan 08 29 Jan 08 Yet to be drafted 22 Jan 08 22 Jan 08 Yet to be drafted 22 Jan 08 22 Jan 08 Released. ... Document No. ...