... 172 ] Briefly, the count rate at the detector from a source at a redshift z is . ... Figure 55 shows the ``Green functions'' for the double compact binary merging rate   evolution assuming no collapse anisotropy. ... Another way that diverse peculiarities in the - distribution induced by the sources evolution could arise is connected with a possible non-monotonic character of the star formation rate in galaxies. ... 22 ] Figure  56 shows two-dimensional cuts through the parameter space. ...

... Aims: Today, large ground-based instruments, like VISIR on the VLT, providing diffraction-limited (about 0.3 arcsec) images in the mid-infrared where strong PAH features appear enable us to see the flaring structure of the disks around Herbig Ae stars. Although great progress has been made in modelling the disk with radiative transfer models able to reproduce the spectral energy distribution (SED) of Herbig Ae stars, the constraints brought by images have not been yet fully exploited. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Sky this Month . ... An artificial comet holds secrets to Earths life . ... Early Mars bombardment likely enhanced life-supporting habitat . ... The Real Reality Show: Would aliens be anything like us? ... April 2016: the historic journey to Europa . The Real Reality Show: All about the Drake Equation . ... The Real Reality Show . ... The Real Reality Show: Could Life Exist on Europa or Titan? ... Only registered members of Astronomy.com are allowed to comment on this article. ...

. Food/crop/plant production is very sensitive to climate; many zones exist .

This tools manages the creation and deletion of USC types, and the application and removal of USC's on visits. accepts the following as inputs: . ... a list of windows (required input) . ... a list of visits (optional input) . ... passes visit selection criteria to a TBD query tool and accept a visit list from that tool in return. inserts USC records into assist for each visit. accepts the following as inputs: . ... A visit list must be provided if the USC type does not already exist.) ...

Our publications in 1996 year . Lindner, U.; Einasto, M.; Einasto, J.; Freudling, W.; Fricke, K.; Lipovetsky, V.; Pustilnik, S.; Izotov, Y.; Richter, G. Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.314, p.1-12 (10/1996) . Thuan, Trinh X.; Izotov, Yuri I.; Lipovetsky, Valentin A . ... Edited by Daniel Kunth, B. Guiderdoni, M. Heydari-Malayeri, and Trinh Xu Thuan, 1996., p.607 . ... Edited by Daniel Kunth, B. Guiderdoni, M. Heydari-Malayeri, and Trinh Xu Thuan, 1996., p.587 . ... Thuan, Trinh Xuan; Izotov, Yu. ...

P. Frisch - Warm partially ionized interstellar gas at the Sun . ... W. M. Goss - Time variations in small-scale galactic HI structure toward 3C138 . S. Stanimirovic - Does tiny-scale atomic structure exist in the ISM? ... T. Bania - The distance to molecular clouds via HI self-absorption . ... C. Heiles - Arecibo Millennium Survey statistics of magnetic field, column density and turbulence in the CNM . R. Crutcher - Magnetic fields in molecular clouds . ...

... Why is it that detection of emission lines is more reliable than that of absorption lines? ... When you look at the iconic Figure 1 from Protassov et al (2002) , which shows how the null distribution of the Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) and how it holds up for testing the existence of emission and absorption lines. The thin vertical lines are the nominal F-test cutoffs for a 5% false positive rate. ... Tags: absorption line , emission line , F-test , LRT , Protassov , question for statisticians . ...

Chiaki Kobayashi, Ralph Sutherland How galaxies did form and evolution? - to answer this unsolved problem, we are simulating the formation and evolutionary history of galaxies in the Universe, including star formation, supernovae feedback, and chemical enrichment. Comparing the spacial distribution of elements within galaxies with observations, we will examine fundamental physical processes that drive galaxy formation. ... COALA : Universe Galaxy AGN Star Planet ...

... The optical spectrum of the infrared source IRAS04296+3429 (optical counterpart - G0Ia star, V=14.2) was obtained with the echelle spectrometer PFES at the prime focus of the 6m telescope. ... 1995, Szczerba et al. 1996), our detailed modelling of its spectral energy distribution suggested that this source also should show the 30 m band. ... Stars: abundances - Stars: atmospheres - Stars: AGB and post-AGB - Stars: individual: IRAS04296+3429 . ... Spectral energy distribution . ...

Following are instructions to build and install the programs in this distribution. Make sure that you have all necessary tools for building executables. ... The automatic build process expects a configuration file called Config.local . ... The configuration file specifies the directory in which to install the binaries, as well as control over the generation of debugging code and reference clock support. ... Cleans out object files, programs and temporary files. make distclean . ...

Variations of total ozone content and lower ozone stratosphere temperature in Antarctic Region during winter-spring period A.V. Grytsai National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv Astronomy and Space Physics Department assen@univ.kiev.ua Data, used in the work work Total ozone: Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) measurements during 1979 - 2005 and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) ones for 2006, for http://toms.gsfc.nasa.gov/ftpdata.html. ... A long-term TOC decrease is significant. ...

... Visible Distribution of Galaxies. ... Features of Elliptical, Lens-Shaped, Spiral and Irregular Galaxies. Galaxies with Bar. ... Distribution of Surface Brightness of Surface and Spiral Galaxies. ... Color Characteristics of Galaxies. ... Methods of Galaxies' Mass Determination. ... Hidden Mass of Spiral Galaxies. ... Features of Dark Matter Distribution in E and SO Galaxies. ... The Whole Number of Galaxies and Their Density by the Results of Observation on the 'Hubble' Space Telescope. ...

... Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, +44 (0)28 3752 2928 . Despite our knowledge of stellar evolution, star birth remains a mystery. ... The latter two may indicate the envelope mass, M(env) and jet power L(jet), respectively. ... Here is a supplementary diagram showing the evolution of a low mass star with a 3000 year, 90 per cent oscillation in accreting mass superimposed. ... Also available is the evolution of a 0.5 solar mass star (on request). ...

The project of the informational system creation on the problem of evolution of radio galaxies, as a part of the "Big Trio" project aimed on studing of distant radio galaxies, is designed. This system allows a user to operate with simulated curves of spectral energy distributions (SED) to estimate ages and redshifts by photometry data. Authors use SEDs of several models for different types of galaxies. ... The HTTP and e-mail access is organized to this system. ...

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Science Activities > PhD Thesis Topics offered by ESO Faculty Members > Thesis Topic: Evolution of SN 1987A . ... Science Users Information . Observing Facilities . ... Paranal Facilities . ... Data Handling and Products . ... Science Data Products Forum . ... Science Archive Facility . ... ESO Data . ... ESO Data Access Policy . ... Science in Garching . ... ESO Science Newsletter . ... Seminars at ESO Garching . ... Return to list of thesis topics . ...

... attcalc (attcalc-4.32) [xmmsas_20080701_1801-8.0.0] . ... The atthkgen output file is accessed by attcalc for the mean and median pointing values over the observation (nothing else, when attitudelabel =ahf, attcalc calls the OAL anew). If this file (default name: atthk.dat ) doesn't exist in the current directory, a warning message is given, and no PNT attributes are propagated. A boolean parameter withatthkgen exists to determine whether the task should use any atthkgen output file. ...

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Armagh Planetarium . ... Our Galaxy . ... Universe . Other Galaxies . ... Space Flight . ... The light and the dark: a HST image of galaxies with the distribution of dark matter superimposed (Image credit: NASA, ESA, P. Simon (University of Bonn) and T. Schrabback (Leiden Observatory)) . ... A combination of 575 images from the Hubble Space Telescope and data from ground-based telescopes, the image contains 446 000 galaxies. ...

... Image Digitisation of Outflows and the AAO/UKST H Survey W. J. Zealey and S. L. Mader Department of Physics, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia b.zealey@uow.edu.au, slm06@uow.edu.au Abstract: The H emission-line survey of the Southern Sky to be carried out by the AAO/UKST will provide deep, high resolution images of Galactic Plane sources allowing the detection of new and existing filamentary sources such as Herbig­Haro ob jects. ...

... The source exhibits a mas-scale structure which, according to the USNO multi-epoch monitoring at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz over the period from 1994 July through 1998 April, undergoes considerable changes in the brightness distribution and positions of the major structural features. Our image is qualitatively consistent with the structural pattern of the source. ... We note a difference of ~90 in position angles of secondary components in our image and the 5 GHz VLBI image by Shen et al. 1998). ...