... The accuracy of calculation of both INTERBALL spacecraft (SC) motion has been estimated at the IKI. ... The 30 days measuring intervals were used during the Tail probe (TP) orbital data treatment, and 15 days intervals - during the Auroral probe (AP) orbit determination. ... http://www.iki.rssi.ru/vprokhor/indap.htm for the Auroral probe; . http://www.iki.rssi.ru/vprokhor/indtp.htm for the Tail probe . ... http://www.iki.rssi.ru/vprokhor/ssc.htm , or http://www.iki.rssi.ru/vprokhor/amisan.htm . ...

The ESA/ESO Astronomy Exercise Series 2 . The Distance to Messier 100 as Determined by Cepheid Variable Stars . ... The small variations in distance to the individual Cepheid variable stars in the Cloud are negligible compared with the much larger distance to the SMC. ... In this way Cepheid variable stars can be used as one of the 'standard candles' in the Universe that act either as distance indicators themselves or can be used to calibrate (or set the zero point for) other distance indicators. ...

These are very prominent absorption lines is most all galaxies. ... These pair of absorption lines will appear in all the spectra and they should be your principle source for determining the redshift. ... When this applet opens you will see an iconic representation of galaxies in the left hand side of the applet and a target area in the right side of the applet. ... Note: What you are doing in this excercise is identical to what Hubble did in the 1920's and you are using the same galaxies. ...

... The properties of the dust grains (e.g., temperature and mass) can be derived from fitting far-IR SEDs (т??100 ЮМm). Only with SPIRE on Herschel has it been possible to get high spatial resolution at 200 to 500 ЮМm that is beyond the peak (~160 ЮМm) of dust emission in most galaxies. Aims: We investigate the differences in the fitted dust temperatures and masses determined using only 200 ЮМm data is for deriving these dust properties. ...

... We cannot use for this purpose equivalent widths and profiles of HI lines (well known criteria of atmospheric conditions for normal supergiants), since these lines are strongly distorted in the spectrum of IRAS04296 as seen in Fig. ... Figure: Upper: iron abundance FeI (circles) and FeII (crosses) calculated for IRAS04296+3429 with model parameters , and using lines with different excitation potentials EP of a low level; bottom: the same as a function of the equivalent width W . ...

Next: Infrared Data Up: Contents Previous: Optical Photometry . ... For example, one method is to derive the spectral energy distribution (SED) for a target star and compare it to the SED of a dereddened standard star. ... Temperature can be determine via the B - V color (Gilliland 1985): . ... The results produced small extinctions to the background stars of between A and A . ... The most accurate extinction calculation requires both IR and spectral data. Infrared Data . Spectroscopic Data . ...

... The HST uses an onboard model of its orbit to perform in real-time various control functions relating to spacecraft operations and observation support. ... New coefficients for the ephemeris are updated every other day, and are archived as FITS keywords for each HST observation data set. Using these coefficients,an observer can perform a variety of calibration and characterization calculations relating to the orbital position and velocity of the telescope. ...

Next: Antenna gain considerations and Up: Some theory Previous: Some theory . To provide correct flux density units for the visibilities, , from an interferometer, the measured correlation coefficient at the correlator ( ) needs to be scaled by a system temperature and a telescope sensitivity factor ( ). ... For a zenith opacity , observing at an elevation of , and if the atmosphere is approximated as having a uniform temperature , then the atmospheric contribution to system temperature is . ...

... The most precisely determined characteristic for accreting neutron stars (NS's) is their period. ... Period changes show fluctuations. ... Some applications of stochastic processes in astrophysics especially in accreting systems were discussed in Lipunov (1987),Hoshino Takeshima (1993) and Lipunov (1992).In Hoshino Takeshima (1993) the authors, using simple models of MHD turbulence, try to explain aperiodic changes in X-ray luminosity of X-ray pulsars. ... Here, -constant angular momentum. ...

... A. M. Neminsky, P. N. Nikolaev, and D. V. Shovkun . ... The temperature dependence of the magnetic field penetration depth lambda ( T ) is determined down to 0.2 T c by the ac-susceptibility measurements on the Rb 3 C 60 fine powder with small, about 1 K, variation in the grains' superconducting transition temperatures. The lambda ( T ) temperature dependence is exponential at low temperatures, which allows us to determine the energy gap Delta 0 =1.7 k B T c . ...

THE PHOTOMETRIC RESEARCHS OF THE MERCURY'S SURFACE BY MEANS OF DIGITAL MODELS. ... The surface brightness of Mercury was measured Danjon (1933, 1949, 1953) and Harris (1961) in phase angle 3o-123o. The analysis of the various data of the integral photometric gives the results of determination of the main photometric constants for Mercury. ... THE PHOTOMETRIC RESEARCHS OF THE MERCURY'S SURFACE: S.G. Pugacheva The surface brightness of the Mercurian images was established on the geologic map Mercury. ...

... All the parameters provided in this database have been obtained using the the MIRIAD ( Sault et al. 1995 ) task MBSPECT . MBSPECT makes a spectrum of the velocity (or frequency) axis of a cube. The spectrum is beam-weighted, over the width specified, for the other image axes. ... Robust parameters are calculated by using an algorithm which minimises the mean absolute deviation of the flux-weighted velocities. mask= This specifies the x-axis ranges to be excluded from any continuum fit. ...

... 8, ``Celestial Mechanics'', 2002 An approximate projection of confidence ellipsoids of space objects positions onto the celestial sphere A. P. Baturin Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Tomsk, Russia The approximate method of calculation of a visible border of probable motion regions (PMR) for space objects (SO) has been considered. ... As a result, the simple analytical expressions for border points of PMR projection onto the celestial sphere have been obtained. ...

Radiative losses have been determined by using the Arcetri Code line emissivities for each element calculated adopting a plasma electron density of 10 10 cm -3 . Each emissivity line is structured using the following format: An example from the Mg file (Phot cm 3 s -1 ) is given below: . ... Mail comments regarding interface to landi@poppeo.nrl.navy.mil Mail comments regarding spectrum data to mlandini@arcetri.astro.it, landi@poppeo.nrl.navy.mil ...

Problem Set 2 - Cosmology­A3002 ­Due on or before November 7th. Can be sent via internal mail (Brian Schmidt, RSAA) use H0=70 km/s/Mpc, M=0.27, =0.73, w=-1 for all problems. ... Finish off your Monte Carlo simulation by selecting objects at random redshifts from 0<z<0.1, assuming that they have a mean absolute magnitude of M=-19.5 with a dispersion 0.2 magnitudes. ... Problem 2.1 (2 pt): In class we described the scale at which material can collapse in the Universe as the Jeans' length. ...

Next: DIRECT MASSES FOR BXCIR Up: EXTREME HELIUM STARS: PULSATION Previous: PULSATION PROPERTIES . As already indicated, V652Her is an important EHe star because its relatively short pulsation period and large amplitude pulsations allow its overall dimensions to be determined with high precision. ... Saio & Nomoto (1998) made the first successful models for the merger of two carbon-oxygen white dwarfs, and prompted Saio & Jeffery (2000) to attempt models for the merger of two helium white dwarfs. ...

For solar wind dials without any explanatory text, see this page . ... There are three logs, one for each condition index ( K P , Solar Wind ,and NOAA/SEC .) ... More about the solar wind's recent behavior can be found on my Current Solar Wind Conditions page. ... Other items of interest include NOAA/SEC Current Conditions , my composite current Auroral Images page, Windows on the Universe: Space Weather , and Public Outreach Index, Department of Space Physics and Astronomy, Rice University . ...

. This diagram shows a small table with three transparent cells and illustrates how their final background is determined. The table consists of two rows. Four (labeled) cells lie in the first row, but the second cell spans the first and second row. The first, third, and fourth cells of the second row are "empty". Each non-empty cell has a red background and a double black border. Each empty cell has the table's background color (specified as #ff0) as its own. Return to image.

Next: Discussion Up: The Second EGRET Catalog Previous: First Catalog Sources . In the first EGRET catalog, upper limits were given for selected objects not detected during the Phase 1 all-sky survey. These upper limits are determined using the likelihood calculation and depend on the EGRET exposure to a given direction, the contribution of the diffuse gamma radiation, and the proximity and strength of detected sources. ...

... The experience of determination of the link between radio sources and dynamical reference frames is presented. To obtain this connection we used a series of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the spacecraft Phobos-2 and angularly nearby quasars. ... The dynamical reference frame is determined by equator and equinox of these ephemerides. ... References . ... The relative orientation of the radio and dynamical reference frames can be described by a sequence of three rotations . ...