. XMM Radiation Environment Models and Monitor . Introduction . Representative Orbits . XMM RM – Geographic Coordinates . Magnetospheric Coordinates (B L) . XMM Data in [B,L] Coordinates . XMM RM – [R, ?] Coordinates . XMM RM Data in L-localtime – No External B Model . XMM RM in L-LocalTime . Solar Proton Contribution . Effects to be Considered . Conclusions . Problems Encountered . Other Points/ Future Activities . Author: Hugh Evans . Email: hevans@estec.esa.nl@estec.esa.nl

... He made observations of a supernova (literally: nova= "new star") in 1572 (we now know that a supernova is an exploding star, not a new star). ... Brahe's meticulous observations showed that the supernova did not change positions with respect to the other stars (no parallax). ... This was early evidence against the immutable nature of the heavens, although Brahe did not interpret the absence of parallax for stars correctly, as we discuss below. Brahe made careful observations of a comet in 1577. ...

ASC-FITS-2.0.1: ASC FITS File Designers' Guide (Rots and McDowell) (1999 Jun) . ASC-FITS-REGION-1.0: FITS region document (McDowell and Rots) (1998 Mar) . ... CXC-DM-001 Introduction: Data Analysis with the Chandra Data Model (2001 Oct) . ... 1998 Feb 26: SDS-1.0: Data Product List: obsolete . ... 1998 Mar 09: SDS-10.0: (ASC-FITS-REGION-1.0) FITS region document: see ASC-FITS-REGION-1.0 . 1998 Feb 09: SDS-11.0: FITS function document (superseded by ASC-FITS-FUNCTION-1.2) . ...

We present the DIRTY (DustI Radiative Transfer, Yeah!) radiative transfer model in this paper and a companion paper. This model computes the polarized radiative transfer of photons from arbitrary distributions of stars through arbitrary distributions of dust using Monte Carlo techniques. ... We present a simple method for computing an upper limit on the output quantity uncertainties for Monte Carlo radiative transfer models that use the weighted photon approach. ... ADS Citation Query . ...

Note: These models for T-receiver are based on measurements for all of the 14 pipelines. download Trx polynomial fit parameters . ... any additional offset to be addded as a correction not incorporated in the model (e.g. the contribution to receiver temperature from beyond the pre-amplifier stages), . ... No. of coefficient pairs, n_harm, associated with the harmonic (Cos & Sin) part of the fit (where the final fit is a simple sum of the two parts).. ... cos(j*pi*X/2) & sin(j*pi*X/2), . ...

Gravitational wave contribution to CMBR anisotropy V.N. Lukash 1 and E.V. Mikheeva 2 Astro Space Center of P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute 3 , Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow 117810, Russia We argue that the contribution of cosmic gravitational waves into the large­scale CMBR anisotropy can exceed 50% for a broad class of the inflationary models with effective \Lambda­term producing the standard local spectrum of primordial cosmological perturbations. ... 10 7 k hor (Figure 2). ...

... These Proceedings were prepared in nearly the same manner as the ADASS IV volume (ASP Conference Series, Volume 77), as a single LaTeX document using a style based on the ASP conference style. ... The ADASS V volume (ASP Conference Series, Volume 101), edited by George Jacoby and Jeannette Barnes, contained links to the NASA Astrophysics Data System for as many of the references as possible-we have tried to do the same. ... Previous: Fitting and Modeling in the ASC Data Analysis Environment . ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... Although their determination is based on the scattering process model, independent check-ups by rocket experiments have shown their correctness in experimental applications. ... Ionospheric data analysis, especially during strong disturbances, cannot be without some other kinds of diagnostic tools. ... The lack of data has always been a challange in this case. ...

... While Sfit accepts input from "stdio", it is more natural to save/edit commands in a file (eg "solve_input.sfit") and run the code simply by entering > Sfit solve_input.sfit [linelist] . ... The model grid (3.4MB) produced by Example 1 and a selection of input spectra ( f008 f036 f068 f304 f354 ), together with SFIT output files are also given in this folder . ... The model grid (2.8MB) produced by Example 3 and an input spectrum together with SFIT output files are also given in this folder . ...

... The magnetic field of the Earth has been investigated by satellites for several decades now, and enough of it is known to model its average strength and shape during different levels of overall magnetic activity. Presently the most used empirical global magnetic field models are the Tsyganenko models (1987, 1989) , referred to as T87 and T89, respectively, although even these consist of several submodels. ... Earth's magnetic field from T89c model during Kp=2 for different seasons. ... Res. ...

The multiscale analysis of heterogeneous structures is actually an important and effective tool of mathematical modeling in physics, technique and biology. ... The special year will extend the existing cooperation between French and Russian researchers in the multiscale analysis and in mathematical modeling in hemodynamics, taking into consideration the mass transport, coagulation, fluid-structure interaction and other aspects. ...

... FTP access the basic models is here . ... Below, we put short descriptions of the used SED models for the photometric redshifts providing by the current server . ... The uniqueness of this model consists in expanding to the near IR (NIR) of Rocca-Volmerange and Guiderdoni's (1988) atlas of synthetic spectra with a revised stellar library, which includes parameters of cool stars. ... Homepage of the GISSEL model). ... Another model used earlier is the model of synthetic spectra of Poggianti (1997). ...

... If you elect to model the sky, you will see some graphs showing the progress of the fitting procedure. First, if some bright stars were observed, you see a plot of sky data (for a given band and night) as a function of the adjacent star's brightness. ... Second, if there are enough dark-sky data to model, you will see a plot of the dark-sky data (corrected for star light) as a function of airmass, with the fitted term drawn in as + signs. ... Again, the fit is shown with + signs. ...

Next: Stellar models Up: Introduction Previous: Photometry Contents . In a hierarchical stellar system, the separation between two neighboring stars is always much smaller than the separation of this pair from the next companion in the system, be it another pair or a single star. ... They are also numerically easier to handle than non-hierarchical systems, since each pair can be described with the standard orbital parameters, and each star with a small number of physical parameters. ... System . ...

Next: Information on planets Up: Practical loading and calibration Previous: Bandpass and antenna gain . The best task to correct the flux scale of an observation is mfboot - mfboot performs an analagous function to gpboot . ... It works by scaling the antenna gain table so that the flux density scale of the observed data agrees with some model. ... Task mfboot can also be used when bootstrapping from a point source. ... MFBOOT . ... Select flux density calibrator. ...

On Systematic Differences in Individual Solutions and IERS Products Zinovy Malkin Institute of Applied Astronomy RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia 1 Present status Proper determination, modelling, and accounting for systematic differences between contributed series is of the great importance in compilation of the IERS products. ... Possible sources of systematic differences are: · Different reference systems (e.g. TRF, CRF, geopotential, time scale). ... 87 IERS Technical Note No. ...

home education > activities . ... Quick math activity that asks students to calculate scale models of a binary star system with a black hole in it. [h] . ... Students use a radiometer and a light bulb with a dimmer switch to make connections between the temperature, color, and radiation output of a star. ... This demonstration, similar to the above, from the Exploratorium Snack-book of science activities, lets students demonstrate how molecules scatter light and change the colors of the beam. [m,h] . ...

... An estimate the rotation period of cometary nuclei is important for understanding and describing the physical processes of the cometary activity. Unfortunately, the measurements of the rotation periods of the comet nucleus depend on the model assumptions and it is one of the main reasons for the scatter of the estimates given in various articles for a given comet. ... Right: the image of the comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 obtained at the 6-m telescope. ...

... It is reasonable to expect that UV part of the irradiating spectrum is most influenced by the grain evolution (growth and sedimentation ) which marks the very initial stage of planet formation. 2 log J [erg s­1 cm­2] 1 0 -1 -2 -3 1000 BB 40 0 0 (A5 ) BB 20 0 00 (A5) Drai ne (A5 ) BP Ta u (A5) BB 40 0 0 (GS) BB 20 0 00 (GS) Drai ne (GS) BP Ta u (GS) Disk Model Density distribution is based on a 1+1D disk ... Green lines are used for a model with dust growth and sedimentation. ...

The Earth's magnetosphere global structure is conditioned by the interaction of the Solar wind and Earth's magnetic field. ... Solar wind (SW) - the region outside BS; . ... Auroral field lines (AUR) region - the funnel-shape cavity restricted by the geocentric distance of the order of 6 RE, between surfaces formed by magnetic field lines emerged from the polar and equatorial OVAL borders; . ... Fairfield D.H., Average and unusual location of the Earth's magnetopause and bow shock, J. Geophys. ...