... We will consider the rms, (K), for observations with a receiver of system temperature, T , frequency resolution, per polarization, and total integration time per observing cycle, . ... For ``in-band'' frequency switching, the line under investigation is always in the observing band. ... Position Switching or ``Out-of-Band'' Frequency Switching: Here the line is only observed for one half of the time, with noise being present all of the time. ...

We present a database of UV-to-FIR data of 83 nearby starburst galaxies. ... The NIR data are from new observations obtained at the NASA/IRTF and the Mount Laguna Observatory, combined with the published results from observations at the Kitt Peak National Observatory. ... In conjunction with IRAS and ISO FIR flux densities, all these data form a set of observed spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the nuclear regions of nearby starburst galaxies. ...

Next: Radial velocity of the Up: Optical spectrum of IRAS04296 Previous: Observations and spectra reduction . ... However, molecular emission features are only very rarely observed in the optical spectra of PPNe. ... On the other hand, it is well known that cometary nuclei spectra show prominent Swan band emission. In both spectra of IRAS04296 we have discovered strong emission in the (0;0) and (0;1) bands of the Swan system of the molecule. ... Now consider the case of IRAS04296. ...

We explore the idea that the occurrence of nano-flares in the magnetic loop around the O VI formation temperature could explain the observed red-shift of mid-low transition region lines as well as the blue-shift observed in low coronal lines (T > 6 10^{5} K). Observations are compared to numerical simulations of the response of the solar atmosphere to an energy perturbation of 4 10^24 ergs representing an energy release during magnetic reconnection in a 1-D semi-circular flux tube. ...

Next: The Newton--Raphson Method. Up: Fitting of Data Previous: Fitting of Data . ... In a linear problem, if the errors on the observations have a gaussian distribution, the ``Maximum Likelihood Principle'' gives you the ``best estimate'' of the parameters as the solution of the so-called ``Least Squares Minimization'' that follows: . ... A certain number of numerical methods have been developed to solve the non--linear least squares problem, four have so far been implemented in MIDAS. ...

One of the first light images taken on April 22, 1998 in 195 Angstroms . Loops viewed on April 25, 1998, seen in 171 Angstroms. ... Active Region seen on April 26, 1998 in 171 Angstroms . ... Flare observed in 1216 Angstroms on May 19, 1998 . ... Post flare loop observations on August 16, 1998 observed in 171 Angstroms . Post flare loop observations on August 16, 1998 observed in 195 Angstroms . ... Active regions observed on August 19, 1998 in 171 Angstroms . ...

Magda Arnaboldi (MSSSO), Tom Oosterloo (ATNF), Francoise Combes (DEMIRM), . ... New, high resolution observations of the H I emission line and 20-cm continuum at the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) for the prototype polar ring galaxy NGC 4650A are presented. ... Keywords. galaxies: individual (NGC 4650A) - galaxies: dynamics - galaxies: dark matter. related paper: Combes Arnaboldi 1996, A 305, 763, . The dark halo of polar-ring galaxy NGC 4650a: flattened towards the polar ring ?'' . ...

... Back to the Live Radiation Monitor Data The radiation monitor on board XMM-Newton registers the total count rate and basic spectral information on the background radiation impinging on the spacecraft and its scientific instruments. ... Counting of pulses for a selected energy band and above the low thresholds. ... Sensitivity: due to the electronic threshold, actually only electrons with energy greater than 130 keV and protons greater than 1.3 MeV can be measured by this unit. ...

The large magnetic cloud caused by coronal mass ejection at the Sun on January 6, 1997 came to the Earth at early morning on January 10 and continue to interact with Earth's magnetosphere till January 11 (see for example home page of this event prepeared by Dr. M.Peredo http://www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp/cloud_jan97/event.html ). ... During the days discussed here INTERBALL-1 satellite was in the magnetosphere (MS) near its dusk flunk - see the Fig. 1 for compearing. ...