... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

... Colour transformations are supplied only for the three visual bandpass filter (U, B, V). ... compute the colour term (mag1-mag2) in the instrumental system . select the applicable colour transformation . ... the correct branch of the colour transformation is selected: . match the value of the optional parameter branch (if not set the default value 0 is used) to the value in the column BRANCH of the CCF COLOURMAG extension. the correct interval of the colour transformation is selected: . ...

Next: Examples of Setup Files Up: Setup Files Previous: Setup Files Contents . Over 200 standard setup files have been created, covering many of the normal modes of observing. ... These especially include precisely defined, and somewhat complex cases like the Mark III standard modes (although MarkIII went the way of the dinosaur long ago. ... v '' files: . These are setup files for VLBI observations using VLBA recording formats. ... These are setup files for Mark III observations. ...

Next: Order Definition: Methods Up: The Reduction Session Previous: The Reduction Session . ... The methods of order definition and wavelength calibration DEFMTD, WLCMTD must be chosen, as well as required parameter values, depending on the chosen methods. Order Definition: Methods STD and COM . Order definition: Method Hough . Wavelength calibration . Background Correction . Flat Field correction . ...

Next: Buffer Manipulation Up: Programming in C Previous: Compiler Options . Listed below are nearly all the ANSI C standard library functions. The header file where related definitions are stored are given. These may vary on some systems so check local reference manuals. ... More info can be obtained from online man calls or reference manuals. Buffer Manipulation . Character Classification and Conversion . ... File Manipulation . ... Wed Sep 14 10:06:31 BST 1994 ...

... Federal Information Processing Standards Puplication (FIBS PUB 146-1) . ... PIPS 146 adopted the Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile (GOSIP) which defines a common set of data communication protocols that enable systems developed by different vendors to interoperate and the users of different applications on those systems to exchange information. ... 4.1 USE OF THE LAYERED PROTOCOL SPECIFICATIONS 12 . ... 4.2.3.3 Network Layer Protocol Identification 15 . ... SECURITY OPTIONS / 26 . ...

... Posts tagged ?parameter estimation? ... Leccardi & Molendi (2007) have a paper in A&A ( astro-ph/0705.4199 ) discussing the biases in parameter estimation when spectral fitting is confronted with low counts data. Not surprisingly, they find that the bias is higher for lower counts, for standard chisq compared to C-stat, for grouped data compared to ungrouped. ... Tags: bias , C-stat , chi-square , chisq , Cstat , Fitting , parameter estimation , Peter Freeman , spectra . ... 1 Comment . ...

... We demonstrate through numerical simulations that model parameters estimated with our technique are essentially bias-free, even when the average number of counts per bin is 1. ... The IW technique avoids such biases by estimating through successive iterations, where for each iteration, j, , and the best-fit parameters are determined by minimization of . ... In our sample, we find that the minimum values and best-fit parameters converge after about 6 iterations. ...

OptInt PmWiki : MROI Delay Line SW / Baseline Solution Software . Need to design this. May be best to implement within a framework which is an embryonic form of the MROI offline software framework - but we need to design the framework! ... Data import/export from/to MCDB . ... Export results (e.g. baseline solution) to MCDB . How to structure data? ... Printable View of http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/projects/OAS/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/MROIDelayLineSW/BaselineSolutionSoftware) ...

External influences on spin parameters for INTERBALL - AP . ... The main interest is that almost all kind of external influences to parameters of motion (eclipse, normalization, ROS) are presented in the one time interval. Three upper panels illustrate the spin velocity, the angle between kinetic moment and sun direction, and the nutation.All external events are represented on the lowest panel as blue, green and yellow columns. ...

Next: Stellar models Up: Introduction Previous: Photometry Contents . In a hierarchical stellar system, the separation between two neighboring stars is always much smaller than the separation of this pair from the next companion in the system, be it another pair or a single star. ... They are also numerically easier to handle than non-hierarchical systems, since each pair can be described with the standard orbital parameters, and each star with a small number of physical parameters. ... System . ...

The determination of the detector parameters is based on sets of images of a spatially uniform-illumination scene (flatfield frames) and without any illumination (dark frames), putting a plug in place of the filter, taken at a series of exposure times. ... We interleave before and after each exposure time in the series of flatfield frames a set of reference images at an exposure time of 1 sec to determine the possible temporal variation of the illumination level. ...

. 500 bps: safing only . 4000 bps: original standard . 32000 bps: current standard . Operates on one byte quantities . Handles both hardware and software data . Table driven definition of telemetry format allows for changes with time . Cycles through 200 1-byte parameters in 50 msec. (one minor frame) . Processes 4 1-byte parameters each cycle of the 1kHz process . 1200 minor frames in a major frame (60 seconds) . Previous slide . Next slide . Back to first slide . View graphic version . Ъ

The NTP standard specifies an extension which provides cryptographic authentication of received NTP packets. ... The specification allows any one of possibly 4 billion keys, numbered with 32-bit key identifiers, to be used to authenticate an association. ... In the case of MD5, the keys are 64 bits (8 bytes). xntpd reads its keys from a file specified using the -k command line option or the keys statement in the configuration file. ... A zero key in NTP format would be specified as 8080808080808080 . ...

Very important in the introduction of a new programming language standard is that old programs (at least those who obey the outgoing standard) can be used once again, with the new standard. When we went from Fortran 66 to Fortran 77 the extended DO -loop was removed (the extended DO -loop means that if you do not change any of the DO -loop parameters you can jump out of the loop and then jump in again (this is somewhat contrary to the concept of structured programming). ... 2, June 1993, page 1. ...

Shell scripts can act like standard UNIX commands and take arguments from the command line. Arguments are passed from the command line into a shell program using the positional parameters $1 through to $9 . Each parameter corresponds to the position of the argument on the command line. ... For example: cat printps # This script converts ASCII files to PostScript # and sends them to the PostScript printer ps1 # It uses a local utility "a2ps" a2ps $* | lpr -Pps1 printps elm.txt vi.ref msg . ...

... spectrum . ... sfit . ... define >macro_name< : define a macro . ... meth_range <w1> <w2>: Set wavelength range for fit . data_spectrum <name> : data in "spectrum" format . ... data_sigma <sigma> : define mean standard error in data . ... data_line_set | ... NB: synth uses multiple calls to spectrum , so various Spectrum commands may also be required. synth : find optimum fit by adjusting abundances, v turb , v sin i , and v rad . ... save <fit> : Save the spectrum and best fit from synth . ...

Next: Cross Scan Up: OBSERVING PROCEDURES Previous: Standard On . This procedure is similar to the `Standard On' routine except that it completely ignores your source list and aquires data wherever the telescope is pointing. ... The only adjustable parameters are the record dump time, scan duration, number of scans, frequency, and correlator board set-up. ... The ``Run Correlator" procedure is typically only used for telescope and RFI diagnostics. koneil@naic.edu ...

... 8, ``Celestial Mechanics'', 2002 Parameterization of the Solar Radiation Pressure model for GPS satellites I. S. Gayazov Institute of Applied Astronomy, St. Petersburg, Russia The treatment of solar radiation pressure (SRP) effect until now is the main problem in precise modeling of GPS satellite orbits. ... In practice, however, all seven parameters of the empirical model cannot be confidently determined from phase observations. ... Bar­Sever Y. E. A new model for GPS yaw attitude. ...

... Append the name of the output grid file. ... CYLINDRICAL PROJECTIONS: -Jc lon0 / lat0 / scale (Cassini) -Jj lon0 / scale (Miller) -Jm scale ( Mercator - Greenwich and Equator as origin) -Jm lon0 / lat0 / scale ( Mercator - Give meridian and standard parallel) -Joa lon0 / lat0 / azimuth / scale (Oblique Mercator - point and azimuth) -Job lon0 / lat0 / lon1 / lat1 / scale (Oblique Mercator - two points) -Joc lon0 / Je lon0 / lat0 / scale (Equidistant). ...