Target Acquisition Reference Information . Table 7.3 on page 98 lists the effective areas of the four acquisition mirrors (in cm2) as a function of wavelength, to use to predict acquisition count rates. ... Also note that the proper use of this table requires compensation for the different energies of photons of different wavelengths, hence the last column, which is in picoergs per photon. ... Effective Areas of the Acquisition Mirrors . ... The effective areas shown are from Table 7.3 on page 98. ...

... The spectroscopic model of the source gives , the number of photons received per cm and per second at the earth, from sky position and at energy (differential per solid angle and energy). The number of photons, , detected (per second) in pixel and in PI energy bin centered at is obtained by multiplying by the effective area and applying the response matrix: . ... The correspondence between sky position and detector coordinates depends on the telescope's pointing. ...

... Primordial theory review : Dick Bond . Defects and the CMB review : Andy Albrecht . ... Gravitational wave contribution to CMB anisotropies : V.B. Lukash and E.V. Mikheeva . C_l from cosmic strings : Lloyd Knox . Some aspects of CMB anisotropies induced from topological defects : Mairi Sakellariadou . ... CMB anisotropies from scaling sources : Ruth Durrer . ... SZ observations I : Sarah Church . ... Holes in the microwave sky? ... Detecting cosmic strings in the CMB : James Robinson . ...

Disastrous earthquakes happen 100 to 200 times a year. ... There is a chance that the data of ionospheric plasma observations hold an answer to the latter question. Satellites and ground-based facilities may detect earthquake precursors in the ionosphere a few hours or days before the main shock. ... ULF "Hz"-oscillations have been recorded several hours before the main shock in a narrow magnetic field tube (40...100 km along the satellite trajectory) conjugated with epicenter of the earthquake. ...

... In the three intervening decades there have been many observations of this diffuse emission over a wide range of x-ray energies. ... During the 1970's researchers at the University of Wisconsin, lead by Dr. William Kraushaar, used a series of sounding rocket flights to map the diffuse x-ray emission from the sky in several bands. ... University of Wisconsin Sky Survey map of the B-band (0.13-0.188 keV) x-ray intensity. ... University of Wisconsin Sky Survey map of the 2-6 keV band x-ray intensity. ...

... In the first page of this chapter, Eddington computes an effective temperature of 3.18 K, but this has nothing to do with the 2.725 K blackbody spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) . Here is a quote of what Eddington actually said: . ... We shall first calculate the energy density of this radiation. ... It is clear that Eddington's model fits the optical data, but that Eddington did not anticipate either the CMB (red curve) or the interstellar dust (ISD, green curve). ...

... Next: The PROS Big Up: Software Systems Previous: Data Reduction Software . ... The srcinten task provides PROS users with a tool to compute count rates for point sources in the ROSAT High Resolution Imager (HRI). ... Corrected upper limits are cited at locations where the count rate falls below the source detection threshold. ... Srcinten is a new PROS task that computes and applies the above correction factors to the net counts in a user-specified aperture. ...

Understanding Europa's Radiation Environment and How it Influences Landing Site Characterization G.W. Patterson, L.M. Prockter, C. Paranicas Applied Physics Laboratory Introduction · The surface of Europa is weathered by charged and neutral particles, micrometeroids, and photons. ... Background · Criteria for characterizing potential landing sites [e.g., Figueredo et al., ... 2004) Background · Criteria for characterizing potential landing sites [e.g., Figueredo et al., ... Figueredo et al., ...

Beam Parameter Measurements New Physics at TeV Scales and Precision EW Studies Eric Torrence University of Oregon Eric Torrence 1/14 March 2005 Beam Instrumentation Introduction 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 490 492 494 496 498 500 502 504 Root(s) (GeV) ( -, - ), ( +, + ), ... dL -----dE L 0 s Fundamental Goal Spin-dependent absolute collision energy spectrum Typical Components · · · · · Beam Energy ... Eric Torrence 14/14 March 2005 ...

RADIO EMISSION OF THE MOON BEFORE AND AFTER THE LUNAR PROSPECTOR IMPACT Berezhnoi A.A.*, Gusev S.G.**, Khavroshkin O.B.***, Poperechenko B.A.**, Shevchenko V.V.*, Tzyplakov V.A.*** * Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Universitetskij pr., ... For the registration of lunar RSR after the Lunar Prospector impact radio observations of the Moon on the two 64-m radio telescopes of the SDO MEI at Medvezh'i Ozera and Kaliazin were conducted during July 30 - August 2, 1999. ...

A limit on the ultra-high-energy neutrino flux from Centaurus A Justin Bray For the LUNASKA collaboration Clancy James, Ron Ekers, Chris Phillips, Paul Roberts, John Reynolds, Rebecca McFadden, Ray Protheroe, Jaime Alvarez-MuЯiz, Justin Bray Outline: · Ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays neutrinos · Detecting UHE neutrinos · The lunar Cherenkov technique · Observations with the ATCA · Observations with Parkes · ASKAP and the future ... Detection Geometry Neutrinos are penetrating.. ...

... Spectroscopy of Semiconductors and Dielectrics . ... Interband optical transitions and their optical properties. ... Excitons in crystals. ... Collective interaction effects in exciton and nonequilibrium high-density carrier system. ... Carrier spin and exciton optical orientation in semiconductors. ... Two-dimensional excitons in quantum wells and related quantum systems. €аState density in transverse magnetic field and effect of random potential fluctuation on one-particle spectrum shape. ...

A SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY BURST POLARIZATION USING THE IBIS COMPTON MODE DATA Mark H. Finger1 , Chryssa Kouveliotou2, Lorenzo Natalucci3 , Pietro Ubertini3 , Angela Bazzano3 , Memmo Federici3 , Antony J. Bird4 ... Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy School of Physics Astronomy, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K. 2 1 4 ABSTRACT The IBIS Compton mode data , which consists of events coincident between the ISGRI and ... The Compton background was measured be- Figure 6. ...

... Credit Copyright: IceCube Collaboration , U. Wisconsin , NSF Explanation: From where do these neutrinos come? The IceCube Neutrino Observatory near the South Pole of the Earth has begun to detect nearly invisible particles of very high energy. Although these rarely-interacting neutrinos pass through much of the Earth just before being detected, where they started remains a mystery. ... NASA Web Site Statements, Warnings, and Disclaimers . ... Publications with keywords: Antarctica . ...

... It should be recalled that most (99.99 percent) of the energy is dissipated by single radiopulsars in the form of relativistic particles and low-frequency electromagnetic waves which are not observable. ... This gives rise to an interesting analog of the classical reflection or heating effect (Lipunov, 1980[ 97 ]; Lipunov and Prokhorov, 1984[ 110 ]; Harding, 1991[ 64 ]; Lipunov and Nazin, 1994[ 119 ]). ... For close binary systems, -0.3 and the transformation coefficient may be several percent. ...

... Animation . Background . ... I created the first animation entirely within the GIMP, using Filters / Distort / Map Object for mapping an image to a box, and Script-Fu / Shadow / Drop Shadow for the shadow effect. If you are curious about the parameters to Map Object, here they are: I set the X angle to 30 degrees, the Z angle to 0 degrees, and I changed the Y angle from 0 to 90 degrees in eight steps, in order to get the rotating box effect. ... We can of course do more with this animation.. ...

... 2006: . ... 1) A study of the solar corona. ... 2) The study of the solar northern polar region. A powerful radio source above the solar North Pole in the region of the polar coronal hole was discovered. ... A transition boundary from brightening to darkening at the wavelength of 3.5cm was found in the emission of the polar coronal hole. These facts are decisive for the choice of the solar cycle model. 3) Polarized radio emission of a high-latitude prominence was registered. ... Archive . ...

... The three optical trains for the cameras, and the pupil reimaging system, are mounted on a wheel, accurately driven by an external motor. ... The low-resolution spectroscopic mode uses the wide field camera and a suitable set of grisms and order sorting filters that are inserted in the parallel beam after the pupil. ... One of the five grisms can operate at four different orders, depending on the filter selected on the first filter wheel that acts as order sorter. ...

Spectropolarimetry and modeling of Galactic Wolf-Rayet star WR156 O LGA M A RY E VA Special Astrophysical Observatory RAS; olga.maryeva@gmail.com For the first time spectropolarimetric observations of Wolf-Rayet star WR156 (WN8h sub-class) were conducted. ... This polarization is, most probably, has an interstellar origin, as its magnitude and orientation are similar to the ones of field stars. ... By its parameters WR156 is similar to other WN8h stars, displaying the line effect. ...

. This plot shows the locations of 150 blazars (green dots) used in the EBL study. The background map shows the entire sky and was constructed from four years of gamma-rays with energies above 10 billion electron volts (GeV) detected by Fermi. The plane of our Milky Way Galaxy runs along the middle of the plot. The Fermi LAT instrument is the first to detect more than 500 sources in this energy range. // Credit: NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration