... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

... The pinhole simulation program is a computationally and memory intensive task. ... A parallel version was developed instead, to enable distributed processing on a cluster of workstations. The program makes use of the Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard for parallel processing, implemented as an API (Application Programming Interface) to the Local Area Multicomputer (LAM) programming environment developed at the Ohio Supercomputer Center. ...

... Using UNIX System Calls and Library Functions . ... To use system calls and library functions in a C program we simply call the appropriate C function. Examples of standard library functions we have met include the higher level I/O functions -- fprintf() , malloc() .. ... For most system calls and library functions we have to include an appropriate header file. e.g. stdio.h, math.h . ... Information on nearly all system calls and library functions is available in manual pages. ...

... XPA allows an Xt program to define named public access points through which data and commands can be exchanged with external programs. It makes possible the external control of the program's main functions, including image display, image zoom and pan, color map manipulation, cursor/region definition, and frame selection. ... Finally, we describe how XPA is used to support user­configurable ``quick­look'' analysis of image data and bi­ directional communication with other processes. ...

... There are compelling reasons for the pulsar community to utilise a standard data storage format. For example, standardisation of file formats significantly decreases the amount of effort required to integrate new instruments into the analysis chain. ... Accordingly, we have defined PSRFITS as a standard FITS-based format for pulsar data files. ... For example, the first line of Processing History HDU contains information about the data acquisition program and the initial structure of the file. ...

HST Call for Proposals and HST Primer for Cycle 24 . ... Hubble Space Telescope Primer for Cycle 24 > Chapter 7: Data Processing and the HST Data Archive > 7.1 Routine Science Data Processing . ... Routine Science Data Processing . ... All the existing calibration pipeline programs used by STScI to process all HST data can found in the HSTCAL package, a package which allows users to compile and run the calibration software originally written in C without using or running IRAF . ...

... The ESO-MIDAS system is built along lines which should allow easy integration of complex analysis algorithms as well as allowing greater flexibility in interactive use and in the creation of user specific procedures from the basic building blocks. The first design proposal for ESO-MIDAS, made late 1980, used some ideas from the UK STARLINK project for the software interface definitions. ... It consists of the following three parts, the monitor, the applications, and the interfaces. ...

AO Home AO Astronomy Schedule Receivers CIMA AO IDL . IDL is the recommended data-reduction package for Arecibo spectral-line data. The different back-ends produce different data format. ... Mock spectrometer standard FITS format headers . Mock spectrometer PSRFITS format headers . WAPP CIMAFITS format headers . Interim Correlator IDL headers . ... Search WAPP data . ... How to fix WAPP FITS files taken with doppler tracking in order to read them with standard FITS readers . ...

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... Axis Controllers . ... Guider Image Controller Commands . ... Multiple controllers (except the guide image controller) may co-exist in one box and share one serial interface. ... Some of these rules only apply to commands that the TCC may execute, and so may be relaxed for engineering commands. ... The command echo should be in the same case as the received command. ... Note: The Galil motion controllers output a semicolon for each command that appears on a line (as part of the command echo). ...

The original files with the data were in different formats. ... Such files were named "standard data files" and linked to the database. They can be easily transformed to any desirable format by a code. Here we present two simple computer programs of this kind. ... When running the code, you can specify columns in the output file: wavelength, energy (eV) or wavenumber (cm -1 ) as the first column, and complex refractive index or dielectric function as the second and third columns. ...

... For many ATMs, having a good ray trace program on hand is pretty valuable. ... http://www.willbell.com . ... It is a slick Windows package with great graphics, but my most recent machine (Win95 OSR2) now encounters many error messages. ... OSLO LT : This is the freeware Windows version of OSLO - it is limited to 12 surfaces, but is otherwise amazing. ... KDP : This is another powerful, freeware Windows raytrace package. ... ZEMAX : This is yet another powerful, Windows raytrace package. ...

dfos = Data Flow Operations System, the common tool set for DFO . ... phoenix: the process . ... Internal data products (IDP) . ... When this process was terminated in October 2011, it was replaced by a service to associate science data to quality-checked and certified master calibrations. ... The main goal remains - creation of science-grade data products, hence a master calibration phoenix project is normally always followed by an IDP project. ... Data product standards . ...

... a utility program that enables the user to interact with the UNIX operating system. Commands entered by the user are passed by the shell to the operating system which carries them out. ... The user may select which one they wish to use. a character at the start of the command line which indicates that the shell is ready to receive your commands. ... This is assumed to be the keyboard unless input is redirected or piped from a file or another command. the destination for information from a command. ...

The NTP Version 3 daemon currently supports several different radio, satellite and modem reference clocks plus a special pseudo-clock used for backup or when no other clock source is available. Detailed descriptions of individual device drivers and options can be found in the Reference Clock Drivers page. Additional information can be found in the pages referenced there, including the Debugging Hints for Reference Clock Drivers and How To Write a Reference Clock Driver pages. ...

... Satellite data ] . ... The SCANOR system provides receiving and processing of the Earth-surface pictures made in visible and infra-red bands and transferred by satellites of the NOAA polar orbiter series (in the HRPT mode). ... The SCANOR system includes the desktop receiving device connected to an IBM AT 386 type computer, and the parabolic antenna with the guiding mechanism. The SCANOR system possesses the state-of-art software providing registration and processing of the received data. ...

Fortran is a simple language . Fortran has always existed . Fortran compilers are generally available . Earlier the first programming language . ... Good at numerical analysis and technical calculations . ... A large number of programs and routines in Fortran are exchanged internationally . ... Fortran doesn't have reserved words, it has short identifiers, the identifiers do not have to be specified . ... Fortran programs are usually less well structured then Pascal programs . ...

The Apache HTTP Server provides a mechanism for storing information in named variables that are called environment variables . ... For additional flexibility, the directives provided by mod_setenvif allow environment variables to be set on a per-request basis, conditional on characteristics of particular requests. ... As discussed above, the environment passed to CGI scripts includes standard meta-information about the request in addition to any variables set within the Apache configuration. ...

Databases (NSDC) of the Natural Planetary Satellites. ... NSDC: Database of astrometric observations of Natural Planetary Satellites . ... They are thoroughly looking for observations in different sources, creating their owndatabases which are then mostly inaccessible to other researchers. ... In the file "content" with explications, the reference is given to the data source as well as the bibliographic reference. ... Data sources. ... Why a specific bibliographic database for Natural satellites? ...

... Federal Information Processing Standards Puplication (FIBS PUB 146-1) . ... PIPS 146 adopted the Government Open Systems Interconnection Profile (GOSIP) which defines a common set of data communication protocols that enable systems developed by different vendors to interoperate and the users of different applications on those systems to exchange information. ... 4.1 USE OF THE LAYERED PROTOCOL SPECIFICATIONS 12 . ... 4.2.3.3 Network Layer Protocol Identification 15 . ... SECURITY OPTIONS / 26 . ...