... 172 ] Briefly, the count rate at the detector from a source at a redshift z is . ... Figure 55 shows the ``Green functions'' for the double compact binary merging rate   evolution assuming no collapse anisotropy. ... Another way that diverse peculiarities in the - distribution induced by the sources evolution could arise is connected with a possible non-monotonic character of the star formation rate in galaxies. ... 22 ] Figure  56 shows two-dimensional cuts through the parameter space. ...

... 13-Aug-2014 12:13 106K lk_20140815_0905.tar.. 15-Aug-2014 09:06 106K lk_20140901_0823.tar.. 01-Sep-2014 08:23 103K lk_20141016_1324.tar.. 16-Oct-2014 13:25 103K lk_20141211_1708.tar.. 11-Dec-2014 17:08 103K lk_20150430_0315.tar.. 30-Apr-2015 03:15 103K lk_20150430_0420.tar.. 30-Apr-2015 04:20 103K lk_20150818_1511.tar.. 18-Aug-2015 15:11 104K lk_20151113_1903.tar.. 13-Nov-2015 19:04 105K lk_20160314_0610.tar.. 14-Mar-2016 06:11 105K . ...

... Where we have just a single image we assume a probabilistic mode of source detection such that, at a given image pixel, if the probability that the observed value at that pixel could have arisen through statistical fluctuation of the background at that pixel lies below a certain limiting probability , the pixel is considered to contain a source. In XMM practice it is likelihood rather than itself which is employed; in this case the detection criterion is for to exceed the cutoff . ...

... Using the central limit theorem, the total noise can be approximated by a Gaussian or normal distribution which has the frequency function : . ... where is the mean intensity of the source. ... In the statistical analysis of the probability distribution of data several estimators based on moments are used. ... For a normal distribution, these moments are and while for a Poisson distribution are and . Besides these moments other estimators are used to describe a distribution e.g. median and mode . ...

... Posts tagged ?background? ... Probability density functions are another way of summarizing the consequences of assuming a Gaussian error distribution when the true distribution is Poisson. We can compute the posterior probability of the intensity of a source , when some number of counts are observed in a source region, and the background is estimated using counts observed in a different region. ... In both cases a background of 200 counts collected in an area 40x the source area is used. ...

We present far-infrared spectra, ЮЛ = 52-93 ЮМm, obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope in the spectral energy distribution mode of its MIPS instrument, of a representative sample of the most luminous compact far-infrared sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). ... First, we introduce a spectral classification scheme. ... The efficiency of photoelectric heating in the interfaces of ionized gas and molecular clouds is estimated at 0.1%-0.3%. ...

... The results of long-term monitoring of Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum sources were found the statistically significant differences (0.05 significance level) in the high-frequency spectral index distribution between subgroups of galaxies and quasars. ... This can mean that the electron energy distribution for GPS galaxies is steeper than for GPS quasars. ... The first area corresponds to GPS-quasars that have statistically larger value of redfhift, second area corresponds to GPS-galaxies. ...

... Now, all three programs come in one easy to build package. ... Unfortunately, because it is the only brand of F90 compiler I have access to, the source codes can only be guaranteed to build with Intel Fortran Compiler v6.0 , and now with the newer v7.1 . ... Binary RPM - RedHat 8.0 Binary RPM Package (~2.8 MB) [ How to install ] . Source RPM - Source RPM package (~1.7MB) [ How to install ] . ... Source RPM - Source RPM package (~2.5MB) [ How to install ] . ... Chris Winter, 2007 . ...

An investigation of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the compact steep-spectrum (CSS) source and possible radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy (NLS1), PKS 2004-447, is presented. ... Analysis of a non-contemporaneous, low-resolution optical spectrum suggests that the narrow-line region (NLR) is much more reddened than the X-ray emitting region suggesting that the gas-to-dust ratio in PKS 2004-447 may be very different than in our own Galaxy. ...

... In brief: the frequency-dependent radiative transfer equation is solved for a dust under assumption of spherically-symmetric geometry for its distribution taking into account particle size distribution and quantum heating effects for the very small dust particles. ... Table: Model parameters for IRAS04296+3429. ... parameter . ... hot dust shell) . ... The best fit to the spectral energy distribution of IRAS04296 is shown by heavy solid line (see Table2 for details concerning parameters of the model...

Results on nonequilibrium distributions of charged particles and radioisotope sources of current are as the following: . the new power-law distribution of charged particles in nonequilibrium media, for example, in the thin metalic films, under powerful energy source pumping were obtained ( together with V.I.Karas, V.M.Kontoriovich, V.E.Novikov); . ...

... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 1 Motivation · Origin of Martian moons? ... Considered error sources: ­ Phobos a priori ephemerides; ­ Phobos a priori GM value; ­ measurements noise; ­ different strategies; · Methods: ­ real data analysis; ­ simulations. ... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 8 Simulations: sensitivity of the measurements to the a priori GM value Simulations: zero noise+ IMCCE a priori ephemerides +GMPH = 7.16 * 105 m3/sec2. ... St Petersburg 23, September 2014 14 Thank you! ...

... There is no question about the source of ionospheric plasma , since it is created from the ambient neutral atmosphere by ionization. However, the source of magnetospheric plasma is a much more complicated question: although it seems obvious that both solar wind and ionosphere feed it, the relative importance of these two sources is unclear. ... Protons (H + ) are the primary ions in solar wind and one of the major components in ionospheric outflows, and thus not good indicators of their source. ...

Gamma-rays from the GC . M.Chernyakova (DIAS), D.Malyshev (DIAS), F.Aharonian (DIAS, MPIK), R.M.Crocker(MPIK), D.I.Jones(MPIK) 1 10°x10° Count and TS maps (>300 GeV) Gamma-rays from the GC 2 TS maps of the GC at different energies 300 MeV ­ 3GeV 3 GeV ­ 30 GeV 30 GeV ­ 300 GeV Gamma-rays from the GC 3 4 Gamma-rays from the GC Lightcurve 5 Gamma-rays from the GC Source spectrum Model X-ray and low-energy emission come from the central object, probably SMBH accretion disk. ...

... Canadian Astronomy Data Center, DAO/NRC . SkyCat is a tool that combines image visualization with access to astronomical catalogs and data archives. SkyCat uses a standardized URL syntax to access a large number of data sources on the net. ... More information on SkyCat can be found at the SkyCat Web site. The ESO SkyCat Tool includes the following features: . ... PostScript color printing of the display (image + graphics), . ... overlay catalog sources on an image, . ...

Authors: Yu.G. Shevelev , V.A. Marsakov , . ... We have constructed and investigated properties of metallicity function of disk stars with different ages, proceeding from the statistically restored real altitude distributions of stars at the solar galactocentric distance. It is shown that the metallicity distribution of stars in each age range is not of Gaussian form, but it may be considered as a superposition of two normal distributions centered at -0.2 and 0.0 dex. ...

... The distribution of redshifts among the DXRBS FSRQs identified so far (Figure 3) is quite similar to that of the 1 Jy and S4 samples. ... A more thorough comparison will have to await completion of our survey and the convolution of the redshift distribution with the WGACAT sky coverage. As has already been mentioned by Hook et al. (1996), selecting flat-spectrum sources is an efficient way of finding high-redshift, radio-loud quasars. ...

Family ASTRO Event Leaders can follow the links below to find a number of resources and more background reading to help them with their Astronomy Events and expand their knowledge on the topics covered in our series of Leader Kits for educators. ... Print and Web Resources on the Night Sky . ... If you have questions about Family ASTRO, see our Frequently Asked Questions for Educators and Astronomers page , or our Frequently Asked Questions for Families and Friends page. ...

... 53 љ int getMaxLevel( void ) const { return maxLevel;} . ... 59 љ typedef void (VisitFunc)( int lev, int index, . ... 71 љ int getZoneNumberForPoint ( const Vec3f &v, int searchLevel) const ; . ... 74 љ void getTriangleCorners ( int lev, int index, Vec3f & c0, Vec3f & c1, Vec3f & c2) const ; . ... 77 љ int getPartnerTriangle ( int lev, int index) const ; . ... 105 љ const Vec3f & getTriangleCorner( int lev, int index, int cornerNumber) const ; . 106 љ void initTriangle( int lev, int index, . ...

... Trouble Reports . Anonymous FTP . APO35 Mailing Lists . ... These are distributed to people at each member institution, including someone who is reponsible for making the information available to other people. The trouble reports presently exist as paper in a notebook. ... Various files are distributed via anonymous ftp, including the current version of Remark, drawings, and some outdated documentation that has not been transferred to WWW. The address is: ftp.apo.nmsu.edu. ...