... In the course of the BURAN orbiter development, suborbital and orbital launches of BOR-4 and BOR-5 flight vehicles have been produced for aerodynamic analysis and working capacity of thermal protection structures verification. ... The flights of the SPIRAL prototype and BOR-4 and BOR-5 flying vehicles have allowed not only to speed up the BURAN orbiter development, but also to justify the choice of the aerodynamic scheme of the orbital stage of the advanced MAKS aerospace system. ... Buran Orbiter ....

... Imaging GRIN Rod Lens (HAG's) | Relay Rod Lens (LAG's) | ... The Refractive Index Distributions (RID) in GRIN lens preforms are made by multi-stage optimized ion-exchange diffusion between silicate mineral glasses and salt melts. ... In the LAG lenses - L ow A perture GRIN the nature of the changing of refractive index in glass via ion-exchange lies mainly in molecular volume increase. ... LAG lenses are specially treated to create the dark anti-flick surface coating (Fig.2). ...

Главная Проекты Mars Exploration Rover . ... With far greater mobility than the 1997 Mars Pathfinder rover, these robotic explorers will be able to trek up to 100 meters (about 110 yards) across the surface in a Martian day. ... The rovers will be identical to each other, but will land at different regions of Mars. ... Where Pathfinder had scientific instruments on both the lander and the small Sojourner rover, these larger rovers will carry all their instruments with them. ...