... Three energetic mechanisms are considered: multiple supernova explosions (SNe), a hypernova explosion associated with a gamma ray burst (GRB), and the vertical impact of a high velocity cloud (HVC). ... As a consequence, multiple SNe form rings with a high ring-to-center contrast K < 100 in the HI column density, whereas single hypernova explosions form rings with K < 10. ... Our simulations show (see Fig. 6) that both multiple SNe and single hypernovae may form rings of up to 2 kpc in diameter. ...
... Printed in U.S.A. A THE RADIO AFTERGLOW AND HOST GALAXY OF THE DARK GRB 020819 P. Jakobsson, 1, 2 D. A. Frail,3 D. B. Fox,4 D.-S. Moon,4, 5, 6 P. A. Price,7, 8 S. R. Kulkarni,4 J. P. U. Fynbo, J. Hjorth ... April 25 ed 1 ABSTRACT Of the 14 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) localized to better than 20 radius with the SXC on HETE-2, only two lack optical ... 2003; Fynbo et al. 2003; Christensen et al. 2004). ... REFERENCES Andersen, M. I., Masi, G., Jensen, B. L., & Hjorth, J. 2003, GCN Circ. ...
... We show that broadband energy spectra of GRS 1915+105 during all these spectral states can be adequately presented by two bulk motion Comptonization (BMC) components: a hard component (BMC1, photon index 1 = 1.73.0) with turnover at high energies and soft thermal component (BMC2, 2 = 2.74.2) with characteristic color temperature 1 keV, and the redskewed iron-line (LAOR) component. We also present observable correlations between the index and the normalization of the disk "seed" component. ...
... 337, 275292 (2002) The correlation of line strength with luminosity and redshift from composite quasi-stellar object spectra S. M. Croom,1 K. Rhook,1 E. A. Corbett,1 B. J. Boyle,1 H. Netzer,2 N. S. Loaring,3 L ... We measure highly significant Baldwin effects for most broad emission lines (C IV 1549, C III] 1909, Mg II 2798, H ,H ) and show that they are predominantly caused by correlations with luminosity, not redshift. ... The correlations of log W with log(1 + z ) for each line. ...
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