Introduction to PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS (Selected 10 lectures) Boris V. Somov Astronomical Institute and Faculty of Physics Moscow State University Pushino-na-Oke, 2008 Contents Ab out These Lectures 1 Particles and Fields: Exact Self-Consistent Description 1.1 Liouville's theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Continuity in phase space . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2 The character of particle interactions 1.1.3 The Lorentz force, gravity . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Collisional friction . . . . . . . . . . . .

... Objectives of the study . To survey and evaluate the technical and economical feasibility of European initiatives by start-up companies, for privately-funded crew vehicles for commercial human space flight. ... New commercial markets, among them space tourism, have a great potential to become major drivers in space technology development. This study aims at the assessment of the feasibility of European initiatives to address these new markets through the development of crewed space vehicles. ...

... 26-04-2006 . XMM-Newton открыл нестабильную нейтронную звезду . ... Нейтронные звезды имеют сильные магнитные поля, из-за которых тепловые потоки от внутренних слоев формируются на поверхности полюсов в виде горячих пятен. ... По словам ученых, наблюдаемые изменения в излучении являются необычными, так как нейтронная звезда остывает за значительно больший промежуток времени. ... Новости астрономии . История Астрономии . Астрономия сегодня . ... Законы космоса . ... rin.ru . ... Новости . ...

The Second U.S. Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog ( UCAC2 ) Table of Contents 1) Introduction 2) Summary of the Project a) Observations and Instrumentation b) Reductions of UCAC Observations c) Computation of Proper Motions 3) Properties of the Catalog and Important Notes For the User a) Sky Coverage b) Completeness c) Positions, Proper Motions and Error Calculations d) UCAC2 Magnitudes e) 2MASS Photometry f) Non-stellar ... All stars in the UCAC2 have proper motions. ...

... Orienting Mir and modules . ... one on top, one on the left side) . ... Solar arrays can help to differ top from bottom - upper side is blue and flat, lower is light and ribbed. ... There are 4 long and 2 short radiators (pointed with yellow arrow on this photo ) on each module. ... So, if you see short radiators between long ones - you see module side. ... Top of each module is marked by 2 small antennas (pointed with green arrow on the photo ) in the middle of its length near ends of long...