... A surface magnetic field strength of 7000 G is predicted. ... Plasma parameters : nh = density of hot plasma , T h = temperature of hot plasma , u = fp / fc = ratio of plasma frequency and gyrocyclotron frequency, nc = density of cold (background) plasma , T c = temperature of cold (background) plasma , T w = background wave energy; Loss cone parameters : c = loss cone angle, N = loss cone pitch angle distribution slope, B = magnetic field strength; UCD ...

Journal of the Amateur Astronomers Association of New York July 2007 Volume 55 Number 7, ISSN 0146-7662 EYEPIECE AAS Meeting Illustrates Changing Nature of Astronomy By Rachel Berger Connolly Standing in the Honolulu Convention Center for my first American Astronomical Society meeting in May, I realized that time and technology does a lot to a field of research so dependent on imaging and automation. ... On July 1, only 47 arcminutes separates Venus from Saturn. ... July's Constellations. ...