... The author attempts to approach the problem from the positions of systems analysis with account for the ideological grounds and history of space activities in Russia and abroad, comparing its current interpretation with the initial goals posed by leading theoreticians and practitioners who stood at the cradle of the space exploration era. ... The space systems recognized in Russia as priority projects are largely developed with violations of the systems approach principles. ...

... 85, No. 11, pp. 972­985. i The Stellar Population and Evolution of Galaxies of the NGC 80 Group O. K. Silchenko1 and V. L. Afanasiev 1 2 Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Universitetski i pr. ... The bulges of five of the seven galaxies appear to be old, with the average age of the bulge stars being 10­15 billion years. Signs of a relatively recent star-formation burst are observed in the small S0 galaxy IC 1548, whose average bulge age is 3 billion years and average core age is 1.5 billion years. ...

The Database of Close Binary Systems . ... Team . ... This web-based interactive database is being developed and maintained by a team at the Sternberg Astronomical Institute of the Moscow State University . The project is an on-line extension of our catalogue on "Highly Evolved Close Binary Stars" (volumes I, II) published by Gordon and Breach in 1996. As of September 2009, the database (both the software and the content) is in its development/testing phase. ...