... Alors qu'il y a moins d'un siцЁcle - c'ц©tait en 1923 -, l'astronome amц©ricain Edwin Hubble a dц©montrц© qu'il existe des galaxies extц©rieures ц  la nцґtre, en ц©tablissant la prц©sence d'ц©toiles dans la "nц©buleuse" d'AndromцЁde, nous en sommes aujourd'hui ц  nous demander ce qui "accц©lцЁre l'expansion de l'Univers". ... La premiцЁre suppose que l'Univers est rempli d'une mystц©rieuse ц©nergie sombre, qui contrebalancerait le freinage gravitationnel produit par toute la matiцЁre du cosmos. ...

Spinar Paradigm and Central Engine of the All Types Gamma Ray Bursts V.Lipunov1,2,3 & E.Gorbovskoy1,2,3 1Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Universitetsky pr. ... A spinar is a quasi-equilibrium collapsing object whose equilibrium is maintained by the balance of centrifugal and gravitational forces and whose evolution is determined by its magnetic field. ... 10 Computed energy release during the process of collapse with low angular momentum and weak magnetic field. [pic] Fig .11. ...

... Printed in the U.S.A. ON THE CONSTANCY OF THE PHOTON INDEX OF X-RAY SPECTRA OF 4U 1728-34 THROUGH ALL SPECTRAL STATES Elena Seifina1 and Lev Titarchuk2 1 2 ,3 ,4 Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Universitetsky Prospect ... We find that the X-ray broadband energy spectra of 4U 1728-34 during all spectral states can be modeled by a combination of a thermal (blackbody-like) component, a Comptonized component (which we herein denote as COMPTB), and a Gaussian component. ...

Habble cosmic telescope. ... It became possible to study all occurrences on Mars (for example the season changings of the polar "hat" of Mars), on Jupiter satellites, ets. ... The scientists saw the details of the galaxy gas nebulas, the most dense central parts of the ball star congestions and galaxies to proof the existance in the cores of many galaxies invisible objects with the mass of hundred millions and milliards of the Sun's mass (evidently black holes). ...

EYEPIECE Journal of the Amateur Astronomers Association of New York June 2009 Volume 57, Number 6, ISSN 0146-7662 How `Stuff ' Provides Clues to Origin of Solar System By Terrell Kent Holmes I study stuff," Denton Ebel said proudly. ... In addition, the seminar on recent advances in astronomy met at New York University, though in the summer it will move to headquarters. ... One sign could mark a rogue black hole: a surrounding cluster of stars yanked from the dwarf galaxy when the black hole escaped. ...

2 June 2006 2007-2009 Work Plan v1 2007-2009 WORK PLAN: TOWARD CONVERGENCE DRAFT 1 for Technical Review COVER NOTE The following is the first version for a three-year plan for GEO, 2007 to 2009. ... Page 1 of 38 2 June 2006 2007-2009 Work Plan v1 ACRONYMS ADM AMDAR AMMA APAN AVHRR CBD CEOS CERN DAPHNE DEM EC EPA EPIDEMIO FAPAR FDSN GEANT GEO GEOSS GIS GMES GOFC-GOLD GOS GPM GSN IGCO IGDDS InSAR INSPIRE IPY ITU MODIS NASA NGO NIEHS SAR SBA SPOT -VGT SST THORPEX UN UNFCCC COP ... Task No. ...

... Page not found . ... Задачей КА Mars Express, является выполнение научных исследований, которые не состоялись из-за аварии российского КА Марс 96. ... Mars Express будет запущен в начале июня 2003 года с Байконура ракетой-носителем "Союз-Фрегат". Выход на орбиту Марса планируется на 26 декабря 2003 года. ... КА Mars Express также будет выступать в качестве ретранслятора для посадочных ступеней других международных миссий по исследованию Марса. ...

. Final stage of OC "MIR" flight . OC "Mir" has ceased its existance . Flight procedure for March 23, 2001 . OC "MIR" layout . Press release . OC "MIR" destruction sequence . Trajectory report . 23.03.2001 . 03.53.14 The 1-st corrective impulse is performed normal. 05.24.28 The 2-nd corrective impulse is performed normal. 09.00 OC "MIR" has ceased its existance .

University Satellites and . Space Science Education . ... The project of the scientific - educational small satellite for research of Earth upper atmosphere density . ... At the end of 80th years in Kuybishev aviation institute (nowadays the Samara State Aerospace University) has been developed the project of small spherical satellite " PION ", intended as for a calibration of ground resources of tracing behind space objects, and for refinement of density of upper atmosphere of the Earth. ...

... In spite of the good potential possibilities, some of the station "Dnepr" design characteristics did not allow us to apply the usual special IS radar measurement methods. ... Thus for IS signal measurements at the "Dnepr" station, we have developed special methods for recording and processing IS signals in order to determine plasma ionospheric parameters. ... Equations (4-5) from the basis for data post processing to obtain ionosphere parameters. ...

Cosmic Research, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 489­534. Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 509­554. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Panasyuk, Kuznetsov, Lazutin, Avdyushi, Alexeev, Ammosov, Antonova, Baishev, Belenkaya, Beletsky, Belov, Benghin, Bobrovnikov, Bondarenko, Boyarchuk, Veselovsky, Vyushkova, Gavrilieva, Gaidash, Ginzburg, Denisov, Dmitriev, Zherebtsov, Zeleny, Ivanov-Kholodny, Kalegaev, Kanonidi, Kleimenova, Kozyreva, Kolomiitsev, Krasheninnikov,

... Maps of six sources (0420+022, 0420-014, 1308+326, 1345+125, 1803+784, and DA 193) obtained with milliarcsecond resolution are presented and discussed, together with their broadband (1­22 GHz) spectra obtained on the RATAN­600 radio telescope at epochs close to those of the VLBI observations. ... The image (Fig. 5) shows that the source structure at 18 cm is compact, consisting of a VLBI core and two jet components, with the outer component lying 5 mas (30 pc) to the northwest of the core ( = 54 ). ...

... This new concept of cosmogony is based on two given conditions: unity of reason and unity in the nature of physical processes which determine the development of the galaxy and all of its affiliated elements: stars, solar systems, and satellites about the planets. ... That is why uniform physical laws determine the general development of the above structures. in detail . ...

... The Military Aspects of the Soviet Cosmonautics : A Side View . This book is the first effort in an unclassified Soviet publications to provide a comprehensive overview of the Soviet military space program. Presented here are the classification of the military space systems by functions performed (Chapter 1), the analysis of the organizational evolution of the Soviet space program (Chapter 2) and the description of all observable satellite systems of military or double destination (Chapter 3). ...

Russian Space Science Internet (RSSI) is a successful result of RSSI Project. ... space oriented organizations; . ... RSSI offers for its members : . ... videoconferences via MBONE Internet protocol (there are 2 tunnels available now through the general IP network: one to NASA Internet, and another to Moscow State University); . ... It is designed so that all organizations connected to the RSSI gain access to the resources of Russian computer networks as well as world wide Internet. ... nic@rssi.ru ...

... Objectives of the study . To survey and evaluate the technical and economical feasibility of European initiatives by start-up companies, for privately-funded crew vehicles for commercial human space flight. ... New commercial markets, among them space tourism, have a great potential to become major drivers in space technology development. This study aims at the assessment of the feasibility of European initiatives to address these new markets through the development of crewed space vehicles. ...

... 000, 1­13 (2010) Printed 21 September 2011 A (MN L TEX style file v2.2) A universal ultraviolet-optical colour­colour­magnitude relation of galaxies I1gor V. Chilingarian1,2, and Ivan Yu. ... Received 2011 Sep 15; in original form 2011 Feb 6 ABSTRACT The bimodal galaxy distribution in the optical colour­magnitude diagram (CMD) comprises a narrow "red sequence" populated mostly by early-type galaxies and a broad "blue cloud" dominated by star-forming systems. ...

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. N orilsk N eutron M onitor . Cosmic rays variation . Atmospheric pressure . Year . Month . Day . Hour . Minute . From . To . Resolution . Type of Data . 1 year 1 month 27 days 1 day 12 hours 6 hours 1 hour 15 min 10 min 5 min 1 min . Corrected for Pressure Atmospheric Pressure Uncorrected for Pressure . Data are also available by FTP . All Data for all Station are available by FTP . Links . Irkutsk .

... View from a tower . ... in the launch table . One of 2 Energia-Buran launch pads converted from N-1. There is also one more Energia launch pad called Versatile Stand-Start Complex. ... The giant N-1 tower still exists. Moreover, it looks like most photos of Buran on the launch pad were shot from this tower. One of 2 N-1 launch pads. N-1 pads were later converted for Energia-Buran program. Proton launch pad. Mobile tower is moved away from the rocket. ...