... The air just sit there and doesn't get stirred. ... Normally, the air is hottest near the ground and gets cooler as you go up. ... If it weren't for the temperature profile, convection wouldn't occur: Because the temperature decreases with altitude, cold air sits on top of hot air, allowing convection. ... The air above the ground is hot, the air above the water is cold. ... The land cools down faster than the sea, so the air above the ground is colder than the air above the water. ...

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... Empirical and theoretical modeling of 3-D structures in the solar corona is confronted by the tremendous amount of data needed to represent phenomena with a large dynamic range both in size and magnitude, and with a rapid temporal evolution. Octree representation of the 3-D coronal electron distribution offers the right compromise between resolution and size, allowing computation of synthetic images of the solar corona. ... The time interval between images is one day. ...

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... The spectrum of the brightest star, our Sun, shows several dark gaps perpendicular to the flow of it’s colours (figure 1). These so called spectral absorption lines where discovered in 1802 by the English scientist William Wollaston. ... Some stars as Pollux show a spectrum similar to that of our sun with strong Ca II and Fe II lines, others as Sirius or Vega show strong absorption lines of hydrogen, others, as Mira show very complicated spectra due to molecular absorption lines (see figure 5). ...

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... Schools . ... Dean?s Office . Departments . ... Aquatic Ecology Laboratory . ... School of History . ... Ancient and Medieval History Department . ... History ofљEastern Europe Department . Modern and Contemporary History Department . Ukrainian History Department . ... University History Museum . ... School of Physics . ... The Problem Research Laboratory of Low Temperature Physics was established in 1966 by decisive of Ukrainian Government in V.N. Karazin Kharkov National University. ...

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Page 1 I*M*P*R*S on ASTROPHYSICS at LMU Munich Astrophysics Introductory Course Lecture given by: Ralf Bender and Roberto Saglia in collaboration with: Chris Botzler, Andre Crusius-WДtzel, Niv Drory, Georg Feulner ... , Ulrich Hopp, Claudia Maraston, Michael Matthias, Jan Snigula, Daniel Thomas Powerpoint version with the help of Hanna Kotarba Fall 2007 IMPRS Astrophysics Introductory Course Fall 2007 ... For stars, the received energy can be neglected. ...

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... core . ... 54 љ void forward ( const Vec3d *altAzPos, float *mag, const int num=1) const ; . 55 љ void forward ( const Vec3f *altAzPos, float *mag, const int num=1) const ; . ... 57 љ void forward ( const float *sinAlt, float *mag, const int num) const ; . ... 59 љ void forward ( const float *sinAlt, float *mag) const ; . ... 68 љ void backward ( const float *sinAlt, float *mag, const int num=1) const ; . ... 89 љ static float SUBHORIZONTAL_AIRMASS; . ... 168 љ // static const QString source( . ...

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. Webcams . Networking . Weather . Power . System health . Measurements . Sky status at Sun Apr 10 00:24:00 2016 is Clear Sky status at Sun Apr 10 00:24:00 2016 is Clear . Copyright 2007 2013.

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... History of the SAO RAS (in Russian) . ... The Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SAO RAS) was founded in 1966. ... The main instruments of the Observatory are the Big Telescope Alt-azimuthal (BTA) , an optical reflector with the primary mirror 6 metres in diameter and the radio telescope RATAN-600 (abbreviated from the RAdio Telescope of the Academy of Sciences) with a 600 metre multielement ring antenna. ... The Astrophysical Bulletin journal in Russian and...

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• Service
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... Satellite data ] . SMIS ] . The program is designed to process the specific AVHRR instrument data for calculation and analysis of temperature fields on the sea surface and upper level of clouds. It performs brightness correction for visible channels with regards to clouds altitude. ... The program features a wide variety of classification algorithms (including two-dimensional histogram analysis) and enables to construct personal procedures for classification. ... Back to SMIS Home Page . ...

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... It is reasonable to expect that UV part of the irradiating spectrum is most influenced by the grain evolution (growth and sedimentation ) which marks the very initial stage of planet formation. 2 log J [erg s­1 cm­2] 1 0 -1 -2 -3 1000 BB 40 0 0 (A5 ) BB 20 0 00 (A5) Drai ne (A5 ) BP Ta u (A5) BB 40 0 0 (GS) BB 20 0 00 (GS) Drai ne (GS) BP Ta u (GS) Disk Model Density distribution is based on a 1+1D disk ... Green lines are used for a model with dust growth and sedimentation. ...

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Instruments and Methods 133 Sky temperature resolution by microwave radiometry A.G. Kislyakov State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia Introduction The threshold sensitivity of a radiometer is determined by well known equation Karlov & Manenkov, 1966 " hE i = h hn i +1 hn i + N t G0 , 1 G0 1=2 : 1 Here we denote hE ias the minimum detectable increment of radiation spectral density E at a frequency . ... Equation 3 gives a correction to the expression for limit detector sensitivity Kislyakov, 1997. ...

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The potential of plasma By Lisa Tidwell Astronaut Franklin Chang-Diaz, Director of the Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory, works on the VASIMR engine. jsc2003e49523 Photo by James Blair Scott Winter, from Safety, Reliability & Quality Assurance, makes adjustments on the VASIMR. jsc2003e49525 Photo by James Blair A T A GLANCE HOW THE V ASIMR ENGINE WORKS The VASIMR engine works through a set of three linked magnetic cells. ... This plasma is what drives the rocket engine. ...

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... Sea Surface Temperature, restored from NOAA satellite data . You may use Java applet to view temperature maps in more detail. Using the applet, you can build "accumulated" temperature maps from selected data, get temperature values in any point and save the resulting image to your local disk. Date and time of the data . ... 6:01 (GMT) . ... 3.04.2016 . ... For information mail to: info@sputnik.infospace.ru . ...

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XPA version: 2.1.15 exposure: exposure on/off [time] file: file basename filter: filter number instrument: instrument name interrupt: interrupt mode: mode single/focus/multi multicount: multicount number number: image number process: process on/off region: region on/off [ds9/clear/select x y w h] relay: relay mask time status: on/off target: target name telescope: telescope name temperature: temperature setpoint type: type light/dark/bias/flat

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... 8 February , 2014 SAI seminar (Ryde et al 2010) 5 Thermal emission from GRB jet progenitor observer photon jet Photosphere (=1) · · · · Photons are not produced at the photosphere We have to calculate radiative transfer We need to know where the photons are produced We construct the expression for effective optical depth in relativistic flow considering random walk process in relativistic flow SAI seminar 6 8 ... 8 February, 2014 SAI seminar 28 ...

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... We also demonstrate that for a source having a Gaussian surface brightness profile, a single longbaseline estimate of refractive substructure determines an absolute minimum brightness temperature, if the scattering properties along a given line of sight are known, and that this minimum accurately approximates the apparent brightness temperature over a wide range of total flux densities. ... At 18 cm, the brightness temperature estimate after accounting for refractive noise is Tb ~ 7 ґ 1012 K . ...

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Solar System Research, Vol. ... The Dynamics of High-Temperature Plasma in the Solar Corona according to SPIRIT Observations in Mg XII 8.42 е Line S. A. Bogachev1, S. V. Kuzin1, I. A. Zhitnik1, A. M. Urnov1, and V. V. Grechnev2 1Lebedev Institute of Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. ... Our analyses of the time variations in emission during a flare suggest that hot plasma is heated by fluxes of accelerated electrons. ... 39 No. 6 2005 the Mg XII SPIRIT images. ...

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... Printed in the U.S.A. HIGHLY IONIZED POTASSIUM LINES IN SOLAR X-RAY SPECTRA AND THE ABUNDANCE OF POTASSIUM J. Sylwester1 , B. Sylwester1 , K. J. H. Phillips2 , and V. D. Kuznetsov3 2 Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of ... Troitsk, Moscow, Russia; kvd@izmiran.ru Received 2009 December 5; accepted 2010 January 6; published 2010 January 21 1 ABSTRACT The abundance of potassium is derived from X-ray lines observed during flares by the ...

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