... Particle distribution: dN d - with =1- ln pcn ln g Electron-photon conversion e + _ + _ electron _ e e electron/ positron high- energy photon e+ positron -25 cm cross-section, 10 8 6 4 2 0.5 1.0 center-of-momentum energy , MeV (log scale) 2 e + _ Proton-neutron conversion cm cross-section, 10 proton u +2/3 2 -28 d -1/3 6 u +2/3 4 resonance _ u d d+1/3 -1/3 d u+2/3 +2/3 -1/3 2 150 340 center-of-momentum ... Does the peak (cut-off) energy decrease with observation angle? Not always. ...

... Астрофотография (Модераторы: LifeIsGood , MaxMan ) > . C/2009 P1 и другие кометы . ... 08 Июнь 2011, 22:18:47 ? ... Perihelion distance 1.5505340 AU . ... Inclination of orbit 106.1777000 degrees . Argument of perihelion 90.7453000 degrees . ... Date of perihelion JD 2455919.16800 (23 Dec 2011 16:01:55) . Right ascension: 22h59m39.520s . Declination: -02 40' 04.34" . Mean position at current epoch: . Right ascension: 23h00m14.863s . ... Right ascension: 23h00m15.962s . ...

... ARTICLE: The Adventurous Search For The Astronomical Unit . ... Kepler himself had suggested to use the rare occasions of Venus transiting (crossing) the solar disk to measure our distance to the planet. ... Due to the orbital inclination of Venus against the ecliptic of 3.5°, a Venus transit is so rare that it happens only at intervals of 121.5 years, 8 years, 105.5 years, 8 years and so on. ... Crabtree witnessing the transit of Venus 1639 . ... Transits of Venus - The Quest for the Solar Parallax...

... part 2 | ... Part 1 . The new concept of formation and development of the Solar system. ... Thus, the initial pulse of the rotation of a protosolar cloud of the solar system was determined as a result of the diversion of a part of the moment of the rotational pulse of the Galaxy. ... Besides this new approach to the pre-solar system as a system of the destroyed vortex structure, we can understand now a number of other peculiarities of the Solar system's structure. ...

1,2 - Modifyted Richter-Slefogt Camera (355mm, 200 mm) The system was designed by V.Yu.Terebizh in 2001 (terebizh@crao.crimea.ua), and then has been made by Gennadiy Borisov . ... Very Wide Field Camera near Kislovodsk: MASTER WFC-Kislovodsk . Up to 1200 square degrees up to 13 m. Very Wide Field Camera near Moscow (40 x 60 square degree) (CCD 1392 x 1040 pix, Sony). ... This system can discover and measure satellites and space refuse parameters to within 0.1 ang.sec. precision. ...

... Currently, there is very little information on comets which are active beyond the orbit of Jupiter. ... Previous observations conducted by our team with the SAO RAS 6-m telescope showed that some of these comets have extended tails dissimilar to the tails of comets forming at close heliocentric distances. ... We for the first time measured the linear polarization of scattered emission for the two distant comets C/2010 S1 (LINEAR) and C/2010 R1 (LINEAR) at heliocentric distances of 5.9-7.0 au. ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . Survey processing . ... VISTA is a 4-m class wide field survey telescope for the southern hemisphere, equipped with a near infrared camera (1.65 degree diameter field of view at VISTA's nominal pixel size) containing 67 million pixels of mean size 0.34 arcsec and available broad band filters at Z,Y,J,H,K s and a narrow band filter at 1.18 micron. A wide field visible camera, if constructed, could also be used on VISTA. ... Tile . ... ESO VISTA Public Surveys . ...

INDOOR LOCATION USING ULTAWIDEBAND CHAOTIC RADIO PULSES Andrey A. Dmitriev Institute of RadioEngineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mokhovaya St. 11-7, K-9, GSP-9, 125009, Moscow, Russia, E-mail: chaos@cplire.ru Abstract ­ The report is devoted to the problem of indoor location using ultrawideband chaotic signals. ... In the receiver the moment of pulse (pack of radio pulses) emission and the duration of chaotic radio pulse are supposed known. The duration of CRP is fixed. ...

RELATIVE SUNSPOT NUMBERS Description of Data from SGD Explanation of Data Reports: Relative Sunspot Numbers -- The relative sunspot number is an index of the activity of the entire visible disk of the Sun. ... The provisional daily Zurich relative sunspot numbers, Rz, were based upon observations made at Zurich and its two branch stations in Arosa and Locarno and communicated by M. Waldmeier of the Swiss Federal Observatory. ... This indicates the uncertainty above and below the predicted number. ...

Russian Version [ MS-Win ] . ... Satellite data ] . SMIS ] . The application is designed to perform high-accuracy geographic referencing and calculate geographic coordinates of satellite data using orbital data. ... The program performs conversion of satellite images into conic or equidistant projection and overlays the coordinate grid over it. ... When necessary the program allows for setting control points for correction of the reference. Shareware version (APT NOAA data processing) . ...

Astronomy Terms - To Help You Study The Universe . Articles | ... Learning about the universe, or the study of astronomy, can be fun for the individual or for the whole family. ... Learning a few simple terms will help you with this fascinating study. ... You will use a telescope or binoculars for your observation of the sky at night. ... Celestial Terms . ... Meteor or a shooting star – the light caused when a meteoroid burns up in Earth's . ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | ...

Next: Polarization efficiency: size/shape/orientation effects Up: Optical properties of cosmic Previous: The 2175? feature . To model the interstellar polarization one needs to calculate the forward-transmitted radiation for an ensemble of non-spherical aligned dust grains. ... Let non-polarized stellar radiation passes through a dusty cloud with a homogeneous magnetic field. ... The angle between the line of sight and the magnetic field is ( ). ... where the angle is connected with and ( ). ...

... Space flight . ... Baikonur . ... Space camp . Space Hotel . ... On May 5, 1957 acceptance act of the first launch complex was signed, and as early as on May 6, 1957 the first "R-7" missile was erected on the site. The cosmodrome consists of nine launch complexes with fourteen launchers, thirty-four engineering complexes, three fuelling stations for space vehicles and two aerodromes. ... Services / Baikonur: General description Technical description Shedule of launches Photo gallery Price . ...

The ultimate force in the universe: Some thoughts about gravity. ... Gravity through the ages Aristotle: Earth, water, fire, air. Earth and water fall `down' to the center of the cosmos (geocentric or earth centered universe). The more earth or water in the object, the faster it is attracted to the center. ... Determines the fate of the universe (expand forever, or contract back in a `"big crunch"). ... Determines the fate of stars when they die (white dwarfs, neutron star, or black hole). ...

... Dept. for Physics of Planetary Systems . ... Laser station . ... Built a network of laser stations (LLS), radio (GNSS) satellites and observation radiointerferometrychnyh observations of quasars (VLBI) ( YA.S. Yatskiv, Medvedsky MM, AA Pace, EE Volvach, YL Kokurin in collaboration with workers in other entities) . ... БЂў Laser station observation satellites is the global network of service stations of the International Earth rotation and conducts active surveillance for international programs. ...

SAI VO . ... SAI CAS . ... Access . ... http://vo.astronet.ru/sai_cas/conesearch?RA= $RA &DEC= $DEC &SR= $radius &cat= $catalog &tab= $table &format= $format . http://vo.astronet.ru/sai_cas/conesearch?RA= $RA &DEC= $DEC &SR= $radius &cat= $catalog &tab= $table &format= $format &columns= $columns . http://vo.astronet.ru/sai_cas/conesearch?RA= $RA &DEC= $DEC &SR= $radius &cat= $catalog &tab= $table &format= $format &withdist= $withdist &NULLS= $nulls where . ... File to store the results . ...

There are many ordinary/partial differential equations/systems describing various phenomena in physics, mechanics, chemistry, biology, sociology, etc. ... Prerequisites: 1 semester "Advanced Calculus", 1 semester "Linear Algebra". Optional: 2 semester "Advanced Calculus", 2 semester "Linear Algebra", 1 semester "Functions of Complex Variables", elements of the functional analysis and the ordinary differential equations theory. ... Laplace transform for linear differential equations . ...

All teams have to inform the Olympic Coordinating Council (OCC) and the Local Organizing Committee (LOC) about their participation not later than the dates determined by the Acting Statutes/Regulations on the International Astronomy Olympiad . ... Leaders of official teams of states have to present to the OCC necessary personal information about every leader, participant and observer (if any) not later than 9 weeks before the beginning of the Olympiad. ... Passport data: 8.1.( Passport no . ...

... Robert L. Stewart (Brigadier General, USA, Ret.) ... SPECIAL HONORS: Awarded Army Distinguished Service Medal , Defense Superior Service Medal , 2 Legion of Merit, 4 Distinguished Flying Crossed, a Bronze Star, a Meritorious Service Medal , 33 Air Medals, the Army Commendation Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster and V Device, 2 Purple Hearts, the National Defense Service Medal , the Armed Forces Expeditionary Recipient of NASA Space Flight Medal (1984 & 1985). ...