... COMPUTER SIMULATION OF RADIOWAVE MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECTS IN IONOSPHERE USING MONTE-CARLO METHOD . ... Distribution of reflected radiation on the ground is computed. ... Such influence can be remarkable if the scattering is multiple, i.e. the optical thickness for the scattering process is considerably greater than a unit. ... Radiation energy transfer in the slab is modeled by distribution of some particles carring small portions of radiation energy. ... The isotropic plasma approximation is...

... Description(Russian): [ HTML ] [ PDF ] . ... 2002 : source L A T E X and export to [ HTML ], [ PDF ], [ PS ], [ OpenOffice ], [ MSWord ] . 2003 : source L A T E X and export to [ HTML ], [ PDF ], [ PS ], [ OpenOffice ], [ MSWord ] . 2004 : source L A T E X and export to [ HTML ], [ PDF ], [ PS ], [ StarOffice ], [ MSWord ] . 2005 : source L A T E X and export to [ HTML ], [ PDF ], [ PS ], [ StarOffice ], [ MSWord ] . ... 2014 : source HTML and export to [ PDF ], [ MSWord ], [ ODT ] . ...

About us . ... Telescopes . ... Apart from the 6-meter telescope BTA two small telescopes are operative at SAO: the 1-m and 0.6-m telescopes, both manufactured by Carl Zeiss, Jena, are located near the BTA. ... These telescopes are used for adjusting the equipment and techniques of observations used at the BTA. ... The observational time allocation and also a brief description of the equipment of the 1-m telescope, which is used either permanently or mainly on this telescope, are presented below. ...

Microsymposium 40, abstract 56, 2004 (A4 format) AUTOMATIC COMPILING OF HYPSOMETRIC MAP OF A PART OF THE 1 VENUSIAN SURFACE. ... The main principles applied in compiling the map such as the scale of the heights, types of prints and using of pictures of surface shall be apply in the compiling of the Hypsometric Map of Hemispheres of Venus in future. We consider that contours are the necessary features for hypsometric maps because allow to make measurement more accurate. ... Moscow., ...

... Satellite data ] . ... Data organization and access. ... The following data types are used for storage of information relevant to the project: . ... All data available within the Pavodok-96 project are copyright ї Space Monitoring Information Support laboratory (SMIS IKI RAN). Neither the data themselves nor any materials obtained with the use of these data can be used for commercial purposes and/or by any mass-media or public information system without prior writting permission from SMIS IKI RAN. ...

A computer controlled low light photometer for nightglow observations. Hardware units of portable photometer for low light measurements, especially night glow emission is described. ... Interface card contain three channels of 24 bit counter, 4 channels of 12 bit ADC and the buffer bus for the controlled motors of the altazimuthal fork mounting and filters wheel, the position encoders. ... Where N( ) is output signal photometer generated input light flux F( l ) . ... PMT # . 599 . ...

... Free stuff may be downloaded for educational and non-profit making uses. ... Armagh Planetarium partnered with Blackrock Castle Observatory and Discover Science and Engineering (DSE) is pleased to announce 'Space Brains' This free download is the ultimate app for all space enthusiasts. ... Belfast Telegraph and Armagh Planetarium Space Odyssey Poster . ... Mouse over thumbnail to view a small preview, download full size PDF document from text links below. ... Download Sun and Stars PDF (Size 1.25MB)...

... Long-Term Predicted Orbit . ... MBC OD Results . ... What: The ASC navigation team (in collaboration with MBC and JPL MMNAV) will generate a long-term predicted orbit which will be used by the RSOG to generate the long-term schedule. ... What: The MBC and JPL MMNAV navigation teams will work together to generate a predicted orbit for the spacecraft that will be used to generate the SRS file. ... What: The MBC and JPL MMNAV team will separately produce predicted orbit files for the GTSs. ...

XmTel uses the XPA interface for extensible connection to the operating system and scripting. ... Support for several commercial telescopes and controllers under Linux .. ... Software Bisque Paramount ME (requires RTS2 library) . ... In the current version of XmTel .. ... Offers command line and scripted operation using XPA . ... Version 7 includes the XPA server, telescope drivers, a client, utility software, and a standalone option that does not use XPA. ... Previous versions and support for INDI . ...

Next: Extinction efficiencies: general behaviour Up: Optical properties of cosmic Previous: Optical properties of cosmic . It is now evident that observed interstellar extinction cannot be explain using particles of only one kind. ... The intensity of radiation after passing a dust cloud is equal to . ... The interstellar extinction is . ... Next: Extinction efficiencies: general behaviour Up: Optical properties of cosmic Previous: Optical properties of cosmic root 2003-04-09 ...

... SUN MOON MERCURY VENUS MARS, JUPITER SATURN . ... Saturn . ... Astronomers using Keck Observatory discover rain falling from Saturnт??s rings . ... RELATED TOPICS: SATURN | ... NASA-funded observations on the W. M. Keck Observatory with analysis led by the University of Leicester, England, tracked the т??rainт?? of charged water particles into the atmosphere of Saturn and found the extent of the ring-rain is far greater, and falls across larger areas of the planet, than previously thought. ...

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... Under conditions of the Earth gravitation we are using the method of semi-natural simulation of linear accelerations in the centrifuges with a mobile cab for simulation of G-loads, originating in a space flight. ... The major factor of the orbital flight, affecting a cosmonaut, is a weightlessness state, which causes essential changes in cardiovascular and vestibular systems operation. ... Under the Earth conditions you can "execute" a short-term space flight according to the following cyclogram: . ...

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The summary plot shows the monthly time distribution of all predicted magnetic conjugations between four spacecraft considered. ... To show the time of conjugation, in frame of the corresponding day for each SC the corresponding colour and line are used: . for the first SC the red color and the first line are used, . ... On the plot the SC names are shown by the corresponding colours. The summary plot permit to find the simultaneous magnetic conjugations of 3 and even 4 satellites. ...

НОВОСТИ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЯ ИСТОРИЯ СТАНЦИЯ МИР ENGLISH . ... Юрий Гагарин . Ю.А. Гагарин. Ю.А. Гагарин в скафандре. Ю.А. Гагарин в поселке Сеща (Брянская область). Фото с сайта Сещинский портал или Все о поселке Сеща . ... Фото с сайта www.liveinternet.ru/users/michel_perm . Ю.А. Гагарин и Г.С. Титов на занятиях в академии. ... Ю.А. Гагарин с женой Валентиной. ... Ю.А. Гагарин с дочерьми. ... Под эгидой Федерации космонавтики России. А.Железняков , 1997-2009. ...

... EXPERIMENTS AND RESEARCHES . SCIENCE RESEARCH ON ISS RUSSIAN SEGMENT . SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE . KRISTALLIZATOR EXPERIMENT . ... USED SCIENCE HARDWARE: . ... Module-1 – a device to grow the protein monocrystals, . ... Test of techniques in microgravity conditions to produce monocrystals of biological macromolecules and orient film-forming crystallites. Test of the hardware, modes and conditions to grow the protein monocrystals and biological films. ...

... PUL VLBI Analysis Center . ... Pulkovo EOP and Reference Systems Analysis Center (PERSAC) is located at the Pulkovo Observatory . ... Processing of VLBI , GPS, and optical observations aimed at analysis of the Earth rotation, station displacement, and celestial reference system. ... Celestial Pole Offset (CPO) and Free Core Nutation (FCN) . Four daily updated CPO and FCN series (models) are provided. ... File fcn1.dat contains the ZM1 FCN model with variable amplitude and phase. ...

... Imaging GRIN Rod Lens (HAG's) | Relay Rod Lens (LAG's) | ... The Refractive Index Distributions (RID) in GRIN lens preforms are made by multi-stage optimized ion-exchange diffusion between silicate mineral glasses and salt melts. ... In the LAG lenses - L ow A perture GRIN the nature of the changing of refractive index in glass via ion-exchange lies mainly in molecular volume increase. ... LAG lenses are specially treated to create the dark anti-flick surface coating (Fig.2). ...

... Copyright of Images . I would like to thank each one of you who has taken the time to browse through this tour of the solar system. ... Here are some general conditions for use of this information. The Views of the Solar System web site along with many of the images and information are copyrighted by Calvin J. Hamilton . Many of the images come from NASA or other government sources and are in the public domain. ... Any NASA or JPL image can be freely used, but please give them credit. ...