... Galileo was one of the first to study our Milky Way with a telescope in 1610 and he discovered that it was composed of a huge number of faint stars. ... Image Credit: NASA Elliptical Galaxy This image from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope shows a good example of an elliptical galaxy at the centre of a galaxy cluster that is over 450 million light-years away in the direction of the constellation Centaurus. ... Then the Andromeda galaxy was first classed as a galaxy outside of our own Milky Way. ...

Alexey Rastorguev's links to DataBases and Catalogs: . ... Open Clusters and Galactic Structure База данных и каталог рассеянных скоплений Галактики . ... USNO: Astronomical Applications Каталоги и базы данных - проекты Морской Обсерватории США . ... HST Science Data Archive Архив данных HST . CFHT Data Archive Архив данных CFHT . ... USNO Recommended Star Catalogs (Zacharias N. et al.) ... USNO Star Catalogs Каталоги USNO . ... USNO-B1.0 Catalog Астрометрический каталог USNO-B1.0 . ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... The Magazine . News . Observing . ... Community . ... The double star 54 Leonis, spiral galaxy NGC 3198, and emission nebula NGC 3199 . ... Globular cluster NGC 2808, elliptical galaxy NGC 2986, and the Sextans Dwarf . ... Open cluster NGC 2818, spiral galaxy NGC 2964, and spiral galaxy NGC 2976 . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... galaxy clusters . ... Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and more from Astronomy's weekly email newsletter. ... Astronomy Magazine . ...

... Primordial theory review : Dick Bond . Defects and the CMB review : Andy Albrecht . ... Gravitational wave contribution to CMB anisotropies : V.B. Lukash and E.V. Mikheeva . C_l from cosmic strings : Lloyd Knox . Some aspects of CMB anisotropies induced from topological defects : Mairi Sakellariadou . ... CMB anisotropies from scaling sources : Ruth Durrer . ... SZ observations I : Sarah Church . ... Holes in the microwave sky? ... Detecting cosmic strings in the CMB : James Robinson . ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... Bitesize Astronomy . ... The last step encompassed them all with galaxies , and how we discovered that the Milky Way was not the entire Universe. ... And just like those star clusters, there are different kinds of galaxy clusters. ... There are vast clusters of clusters, called superclusters, which contains hundreds of thousands or even millions of galaxies. ... Our own Galaxy has 400 billion stars in it, yet there are clusters out there with millions of galaxies like our own. ...

... Session 1 - Stars, star formation, stellar populations and planets . 9.20 10.00 . ... HST Spectroscopy of the Hottest White Dwarfs . ... Coffee break . ... Lunch break . ... A (long) look at neutron stars with HST . ... Session 2 - Nearby galaxies, bulges, spheroids, galaxy formation . ... New HST/ACS Insights into the Evolution of Star-Forming Dwarf Galaxies with Extreme Properties of Cosmological Relevance . ... Deriving properties of Lyman-break galaxies at z~3-5 using HST/VLT/Spitzer data . ...

... Dept. for Physics of Stars&Galaxies . ... Using a database view Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), containing almost a million spectra created 15,000 sample galaxies with active star formation, which is used for various studies and physical state of evolution of galaxies. ... Star clusters of the Galaxy . The project MWSC (Milky Way Star Clusters) directory using 2MASS, which includes nearly 500 million vision to the limit Ks = 15.3, analyzed more than 4,000 cluster-like objects in the galaxy. ...

... This represents the first HI selected sample covering the core and the outskirts of a local cluster of galaxies. ... Optically selected samples miss a considerable number of low luminosity, low surface brightness galaxies underestimating by almost a factor 2 the number of HI rich galaxies present in the cluster volume. ... Right: The g band luminosity function for galaxies in the A1367 volume as obtained from the optically (circles) and HI (histogram) selected sample. ...

... We address a question if globular clusters (GC) in a protogalaxy could for some time evolve chemically as isolated systems, enriching themselves with heavy elements produced in first supernova events that follow initial star formation. We determine both the critical mass of a protoglobular cluster that is needed to retain the ejecta of the very first supernova, and the critical energy (i.e., number of supernovae) that is needed to expel the residual gas from a cluster of a given mass. ...

... Galaxy clusters in presence of dark energy: a kinetic approach . ... The external regions of galaxy clusters may be under strong influence of the dark energy, which was discovered by observations of supernovae Ia at redshift z < 1. The presence of the dark energy in the gravitational equilibrium equation, with the Einstein ? ... diagram where equilibrium solutions are not possible. ... Galactic Cluster in the Presence of Dark Energy . ...

Russian . ... Very Early Universe: inflation, generation of primordial perturbations, preheating . Very Early Universe: inflation, generation of initial perturbations, preheating . Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation: anisotropy and polarization . ... Dark Energy and Dark Matter models . High Energy Astrophysics: accretion discs, cosmic rays, gamma-ray bursts . ... Astrophysics of black holes and wormholes . ...

... Structure of Data . ... Catalog . ... In SAI OCL Catalog, we introduce our work on investigation of the Milky Way system of open star clusters. The main goal of our study is a search for new clusters using huge surveys. 168 new clusters have been already discovered by us using J,H,Ks data from 2MASS point source catalog. ... For 141 new clusters, we found their physical parameters using J,H,Ks data from 2MASS catalog and, for a number of clusters, our UBVRI CCD observational magnitudes. ...

... V.V.Makarov, V.P.Reshetnikov, V.A.Yakovleva . Photometric study of the peculiar galaxy NGC 2685" . ... eds.), Tallinn, 1989, p.19 . ... Press, 1994, p.272-273 . ... A.A.Mullari, V.V.Orlov, St.Petersburg Univ. ... conference, St.Petersburg, 1997, p.168-169 . ... All-Russian Astronomical Conference, Book of Abstracts, . ... in "Astronomy: traditions, present, future", V.V.Orlov, V.P.Reshetnikov, N.Ya.Sotnikova (eds.), St.Petersburg University Press, 2007, p.92-115 (in Russian) . ...

... About ATMoB . ... The Observing Committee is starting an Observing Awards Program to promote observing among the membership of the Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston. ... Participant must be a current member of the Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston . ... To qualify for your Observing Award Certificate, turn in your worksheet and drawings to an ATMoB Observing Committee member or observing@atmob.org . ... This Excel sheet has useful macros. ... Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. ...

... 323, P 295-304 (1997). Abstract . ... 323, P 305-311 (1997). ... 323, P 312-316 (1997). ... 323, P 317-322 (1997). ... 323, P 323-336 (1997). ... 323, P 337-348 (1997). ... 323, P 349-358 (1997). ... 323, P 357-362 (1997). ... 323, P 363-373 (1997). ... 323, P 374-381 (1997). ... 323, P 382-386 (1997). ... 323, P 387-392 (1997). ... 323, P 393-394 (1997). ... 323, P 395-398 (1997). ... 323, P 399-414 (1997). ... 323, P 415-428 (1997). ... 323, P 429-441 (1997). ... helpdesk@link.springer.de . ...

... IAU planet classification Observing with a Telescope Large Scale Structure The observables: Local Group (size 1 Mpc) Virgo cluster (size 2+ Mpc) Virgo supercluster (size ~33 Mpc) Voids (size ~ 10-150 Mpc), Walls and sheets, aka filaments (size ~ 50-80+ Mpc) 1 parsec The nearest star is 1.2 parsecs away (Proxima Centuri). ... Virgo supercluster Voids, Sheets Filaments The Virgo Cluster is a cluster of galaxies at a distance of about 18.0 Mpc away in the constellation Virgo. ...

Working session on Standard Candles Chair: F. Haberl · Definition of standard candles Sources with constant X-ray flux: white dwarfs isolated neutron stars supernova remnants cluster of galaxies · Scientific drivers for accurate absolute fluxes neutron star radii cosmology (e.g. total mass of galaxy clusters, Sunyaev Zeldovic effect) · Calibration purposes absolute flux ...

... О Далекой Галактике . ... Теперь в Далекой Галактике вы всегда можете увидеть свежие фотографии Солнца. ... Форум . Форум "Далекой Галактики" - прекрасное место для общения всех астрономов. ... Новости из космоса . ... Подписаться на новости Далекой Галактики Вы можете здесь: . ... Новости из Далекой Галактики - популярно об Астрономии . ... Если вы хотите выразить свое мнение о сайте "Далекая Галактика", или просто почитать мнения других посетителей - пожалуйста, заходите в Гостевую книгу . ...

... All the galaxies are divided into 4 groups depending on the environment type; every subsample contains more than 10 galaxies. ... An effect of environments is seen both for the nuclei and for the bulges: if we consider the clusters (Virgo and Ursa Ma jor) and group centers as dense environments and the field and group periphery as sparse environments, then in the dense environments the stellar populations of S0s are in average older by 4­5 Gyr than in the sparse ones. ...

... Courtesy of NASA/ESA Observation data (J2000 epoch) Constellation Right ascension Declination Redshift Distance Type Serpens Caput 15h 17m 14.4s[] +21° 35 08[] 12,740±50 km/s[][1] 600±30 Mly (183±8 Mpc)[1] SA0(r) [citation needed ] [a] Apparent dimensions (V) 0.28 в 0.28[] Apparent magnitude (V) 16.0[] Notable features Ring galaxy Other designations PGC 54559,[] PRC D-51[] See also: Galaxy, List of galaxies Hoag's Object is a non-typical galaxy of the type known as a ring galaxy. ...