... For SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) analysis, a solid surface is bombarded by primary ions of some keV energy. ... The subsequent mass analysis of the emitted ions provides detailed information on the elemental and molecular composition of the surface. ... Extremely short ion pulses with a duration below . ... By rastering a fine-focussed ion beam over the surface, like an electron beam in an electron microprobe, mass resolved secondary ion images (chemical maps) can be obtained...

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... To use system calls and library functions in a C program we simply call the appropriate C function (Appendix ). We have already met some system calls when dealing with low level I O - open(), creat(), read(), write() and close() are examples. ... All math functions such as sin(), cos(), sqrt() and random number generators - random(), seed(), lrand48(), drand48() etc. are standard math library functions. NOTE: most standard library functions will use system calls within them. ...

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SUBROUTINE TAP_ESYMB ( IZ, SYMBOL, STATUS ) . Return the element symbol. SUBROUTINE TAP_ENAME ( IZ, NAME, STATUS ) . ... FUNCTION TAP_EMASS ( IZ ) . Return the mean atomic weight of an element. FUNCTION TAP_ZELEM ( NAME ) . ... FUNCTION TAP_AELEM ( NAME ) . ... The mean atomic weight of the element associated with the given name is ! ... The element name associated with the given atomic number is ! ... The atomic number ot element associated with the given name is ! ...

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TUI supports the following offsets: . Object Arc offset by a given amount on the sky (i.e. along the arc of a great circle). ... Arc offsets are useful for moving a different portion of your object or a different nearby object onto the boresight . ... Object Arc XY this is identical to an Object offset except that it has been rotated to align along the instrument x-y axes. ... This is just like the Calibration XY offset, except that it is typically cleared when you slew to a new object. ...

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The black hole. ... The black holes are generated in the result of a collapse of giant stars with the mass more than three Sun's masses. ... And moreover the gas near the neutron star or the black hole will get hot and will become a source of high energetic electromagnetic radiation in X-rays and gamma range. ... In the majority of double systems, being the sources of X-rays radiation, the invisible component mass does not exceed the two solar masses, so it is a neutron star. ...

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Добро пожаловать, Гость . ... Вселенная, жизнь, разум (Модераторы: ivanij , AlexAV , Nucleosome ) ? Отправлено межзвездное радиопослание "Cosmic Call 2003" . ... Гость . ... 6 июля года из Евпаторийского центра дальней космической связи (ЕЦДКС) было отправлено очередное, уже четвертое по счету, межзвездное радиопослание 'Cosmic Call 2003' к пяти окрестным (расстояние от 33 до 46 световых лет) звездам солнечного типа из созвездий Андромеда, Большая Медведица, Кассиопея, Орион и Рак. ...

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... Polish scientists at the Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, in Wroclaw, south-west Poland, have constructed an instrument called SphinX (short for Solar PHotometer In X-rays), which is an X-ray spectrophotometer, that will obtain spectra in the energy range 0.5--15 keV in 256 energy channels with frequency of up to 100 times a second. ... SphinX is part of a package of instruments known as TESIS (PI Prof. Sergei Kuzin, Lebedev Institute, Moscow). ... Space Research Centre, . ...

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fitcircle - find mean position and pole of best-fit great [or small] circle to points on a sphere. fitcircle [ xyfile ] -L norm [ -H [ nrec ] ] [ -S ] [ -V ] [ -: ] [ -bi [ s ][ n ] ] fitcircle reads lon,lat [or lat,lon] values from the first two columns on standard input [or xyfile ]. ... Then two locations are found: the mean of the input positions, and the pole to the great circle which best fits the input positions. ... If no file is specified, fitcircle will read from standard input. ...

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... New Developments in the FITSIO and Fv Software Packages W. Pence NASA/GSFC, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771, Email: pence@tetra.gsfc.nasa.gov Abstract. This paper describes recent improvements to the FITSIO subroutine library and the fv FITS file viewer and editor, both of which were initially described at previous ADASS conferences. ... Introduction The FITSIO subroutine library for reading and writing FITS format files was last described in the ADASS IV conference proceedings. ...

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. This illustration depicts an ultra-dense dead star, called a white dwarf, passing in front of a small red star. As the white dwarf crosses in front, its gravity is so great that it bends and magnifies the light of the red star. NASA's planet-hunting Kepler space telescope was able to detect this effect, called gravitational lensing, not through direct imaging, but by measuring a strangely subtle dip in the star's brightness. // NASA/JPL-Caltech

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... It adds together the first two of these numbers. If the result is greater than the # third number, it prints all three numbers out (to a file called results.d) # Otherwise it prints out a rude message # First , open the files inhandle = open ('data.d', 'r') outhandle = open ('results.d', 'w') # Now loop through all the lines in the input. for line in inhandle: allarray = line .split() # Split the line you've just read in into its component bits n1 = float ( ...

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God Science Forum Message . Forums: . ... God and Science ћ SETI ћ Software ћ UFO ћ XEphem . ... God and Science | ... Discover The Science Behind The "Wormwood Star Prophecy" . ... Scientific Scenario Of A Comet's Impact And The "Wormwood Star" Prophecy . ... The Wormwood prophecy cites a "great star, blazing like a torch". ... www.astronomy.net . ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

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There are 2 main problems with the standard Big Bang model. ... These are determined by the particular density of the universe. ... Early 1980s, Alan Guth suggested new epoch should be added, known as inflationary epoch, lasting between 10 -35 and 10 -24 seconds . ... Gravity became separate force at 10E(-43) seconds after big bang, when temperature 10E(32) K . Strong force became separate force at 10E(-35) seconds, or beginning of inflationary epoch, when temperature 10E(27) K . ...

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration . ... Gregory Errol Chamitoff (Ph.D.) . NASA Astronaut (Former) . ... NASA EXPERIENCE: In 1995, Dr. Chamitoff joined Mission Operations at the Johnson Space Center, where worked as a Guidance and Control Flight Controller. ... SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIENCE: Expedition 17/18 - In 2008, Dr. Chamitoff served as the flight engineer and science officer for a 6-month mission aboard the International Space Station during Expeditions 17 and 18. ... OCTOBER 2013 . ...

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Stellarium 0.12.3 . ... Classes . ... Renderer . ... ClassљList . ... LogBook Class Reference . ... voidљ . enableLogBook (bool b) . ... virtual boolљ . ... Detect or show the configuration GUI elements for the module. ... virtual voidљ . ... getCallOrder ( StelModuleActionName actionName) const . ... virtual bool LogBook::configureGui . boolљ . ... virtual void LogBook::draw . ... The main StelStyle instance should be passed. virtual void LogBook::init . ... virtual void LogBook::update . ...

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... These are just the bare bones--just three basic ideas and rules for handling relations ("equations") involving unknown quantities whose values you are trying to find. In most calculations you try to find a number . ... To get a solution, one must replace the given equation (or equations) with others, containing the same information but cleaner in appearance. ... If you have an equation and modify both its sides in exactly the same way, what you get is also a valid equation. ...

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... It may be added, subtracted, divided or multiplied in any way appropriate for ordinary numbers. A mathematical relationship involving known numbers (like 25 or 40) and unknown ones (like x ) is known as an equation . ... To get a solution, one must replace the given equation (or equations) with others, containing the same information but cleaner in appearance. ... If you have an equation and modify both its sides in exactly the same way , what you get is also a valid equation. ...

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... International Interdisciplinary Conference Language and Culture in Building of International Relations . We are pleased to invite you to participate in IX International Interdisciplinary Conference Language and Culture in Building of International Relations to be held on December 1-2, 2014 in Che?m (Poland). ... The conference materials will be published in the first issue of the annual international journal of language, culture, and politics (J?zyk, Kultura, Polityka studium mi?dzynarodowe). ...

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... Character level elements are used to specify either the structural meaning or the physical appearence of marked text without causing a paragraph break. ... Highlighting elements are allowed within the content of other highlighting elements, but implementations are not required to render these nested highlighting elements distinctly from non-nested elements. ... An SGML identifier used as the target for hypertext links or for naming particular elements in associated style sheets. ... CLASS . ...

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... One of the widely used models of neural network is the multi-layered perceptron [6]. The model network has layers of input and output elements called neurons. ... An input vector is put on the input layer, passes through the hidden layers, and arrives at the output layer. The corresponding output vector is determined by calculation of the neuron activity level for each layer using already known values of neuron activity of the previous layers. ... Training was an iterative process. ...

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