. To you, the user, it appears as though there is only one type of file in UNIX - the file which is used to hold your information. In fact, the UNIX filesystem contains several types of file. Ordinary files . Directories . Special files . Pipes .

... In order to compare the number of different evolutionary stages obtained and X-ray luminosity of the chosen X-ray sources with the observed galactic values we use the sum of C/O+O/C , where C and O are the calculated and observed values of a given binary type, respectively. If we make comparison for a number of different binary species (for example, we compare the number of CV, number of X-ray pulsars,   total X-ray luminosity of LMXB, etc.), we write this criterion in the form: . ...

... STScI-PRC01-04 HUBBLE'S ULTRAVIOLET VIEWS OF NEARBY GALAXIES YIELD CLUES TO EARLY UNIVERSE Astronomers are using these three NASA Hubble Space Telescope images to help tackle the question of why distant galaxies have such odd shapes, appearing markedly different from the typical elliptical and spiral galaxies seen in the nearby universe. ... Light from these galaxies travels great distances (billions of light-years) to reach Earth. ... These stars emit mostly ultraviolet light. ...

COPRATES CHASMA NORTH WALL INTERIOR LAYERED DEPOSIT: LAYER MEASUREMENTS AND COMPARISON WITH JUVENTAE CHASMA ILDS USING MARS EXPRESS HIGH RESOLUTION STEREO CAMERA (HRSC) DERIVED TOPOGRAPHY Michael, G.1, E. Hauber1, K. Gwinner1, R. Stesky2 ... Planets, Freie Universitaet, Berlin, Germany 5ESTEC, ESA, Noordwijk, The Netherlands Introduction: The interior layered deposit ( ILD ) in the north wall of Coprates ... The lesser section of the ILD is confined by a ridge of the chasma wall. ...

Direct Electron Imaging Using Back Thinned CCD's . ... where, Vim is the maximum radial emission energy of photoelectrons from the cathode (eV), Vs is the cathode to anode voltage (V), k is the spatial frequency (2 p lp/mm), L is the cathode to anode spacing of the proximity focused diode (mm), d is the field-free region thickness(mm), h is the backscattering coefficient, (G/G 0 .) is the ratio of the average EBS gain of the secondary electrons to the primary gain, and W is the CCD pixel pitch (mm). ...

Phobos . Mars I . Phobos [FOH-bohs] (fear) is a moon of Mars and was named after an attendant of the Roman war god Mars. ... Phobos shows striated patterns which are probably cracks caused by the impact event of the largest crater on the moon. ... The striking feature in this image is the giant Stickney crater. ... Courtesy NASA) . ... Because Phobos is only 28 by 20 kilometers (17 by 12 miles), the moon must have been nearly shattered from the force of the impact that caused the giant crater. ...

Experimental rocket R-1A . To mature mass and operating characteristics of rocket R-1, its designers proposed to use an integral fuel tank and a warhead separated from the rocket at the ascent phase completion. In this case, only the ascent phase appeared to be rated for the launch vehicle and considerably more favorable regarding mechanical and thermal loads as compared to the atmospheric portion of the descent phase of the flight trajectory. ... Official WEB-site of S.P.Korolev RSC Energia . ...

... Tidal influence on each of the galaxies in our sample is quantified by identifying and measuring the distance to the nearest companion, using a photometric technique with good completeness characteristics. ... Massnormalised starformation rates were derived using galaxy stellar masses estimated from zband luminosities Nearest companions were identified using the algorithm illustrated in Figure 1. ... Some of the lowredshift galaxies in our sample with close companions are illustrated in Figure 3. ...

A very important stage in a story of formation of any new science is the shift from discussion of situation which are possible but do not occur in practice due to some reason to recognition of real phenomena of interest. ... We suggest to consider computer viruses as this new specific form of life which is coming in the contact with our form of life. ... Computer life has been created by human being, the role of independent evolution of computer viruses seems to be still negligible. ...

We have designed the laboratory model of static Fourier spectrometer for onboard usage for spectral study of atmosphere and ionosphere. The gain of model is to simulate onboard FS which will not have any moving elements (all its optical elements will be mounted at fused quartz monolithic construction), to compare experimental results with theoretical estimations and to measure MTF of CCD array. ... This fact connected with low frequency response of CCD array due to small format of it. ...

The Astronomy Shop . ... AstroGuide | ... Shop | ... Posters | The Andromeda Galaxy - High Resolution Poster Image (Paper Edition) . ... This poster is also availiable in a laminated edition - see The Andromeda Galaxy (laminated). ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | Advertise on Astronomy Net | ... Unless otherwise specified, web site content Copyright 1994-2016 John Huggins All Rights Reserved . dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

To appear in "Fourth Workshop on Robotic Autonomous Observatories (2015)"RevMexAA(SC) MASSIVE PHOTOMETRY OF LOW-ALTITUDE ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES ON MINI-MEGATORTORA S. Karpov, 1, 3 E. Katkova,2 G. Beskin, 1, 3 A. Biryukov3,4 S. Bondar,2 E. Davydov5 E. Ivanov,2 A. Perkov,2 V. Sasyuk3 RESUMEN Favor de prop orcionar un resumen en espanol. ... The nine-channel Mini-MegaTORTORA (MMT-9) optical widefield monitoring system with high temporal resolution system is in operation since June 2014. ...

To main of Laboratory . The research work and design of optical and optical-electronic devices are carries out by laboratory staff: . ... Lens: . ... In the layout 1 prism systems perform functions of dispersive element, corrector of aberrations, optical reducer. ... Spectral range 200 - 400 nm; . ... Back Forward . ... The main corrector's function are compensation of field aberrations of the main spherical mirror of a telescope (diameter of 600 mm, f'=1200 mm) and increase aperture ratio. ...

... Paul Czarapata, Glen Federwitz, John Anderson, and eventually Claudio Rivetta (all FNAL) were on site to commission the telescope's control and interlock systems. Angie Prosapio and Steve Bastian were also able to assist in this effort. Glen reviewed the newly printed wiring sheets and then compared and tested them to the interlock and control rack on the lower level. ... Despite the poor weather, the word is that commissioning of the interlock and controls system went as planned. ...

Solar Large-Scale Chains: Some Events . ... The chains appear to light up separators or quasi-separatrix layers between different interacting large-scale magnetic flux systems in the global solar magnetosphere and, in particular, to outline large-scale coronal structures involved in the CME process. ... Some features of the chains and their relations to CMEs are illustrated for a number of halo CME-associated events. 23 events of 1997-2000 . ... Halo-CME-associated events of November 1997 . ...

RTT150 . ... This search system is designed for generating the necessary information on series of pointings (observations of each source consist of sets of exposures with different filters and sometimes with different exposure times) for observed sources. Search results appear at the separate page as a table with the following data: . DATE - real (not evening!) observations date (in YYYY-MM-DD format); . ... Bin - minimal CCD binning mode (may vary during the observations); . ...

P.O. Box 797 Sonoita, AZ 85637-0797 June 19, 2000 Prof. David Chalmers Philosophy Department Room 213, Social Sciences Building University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721-0027 Dear Prof. Chalmers: Well, here's another one from Mr. At-Least-I-Thought-Of-It-Independently. ... So as a thought experiment, let's imagine that instead of having our matter transporter actually move matter, what it moves is information. ... That will make it necessary to move the matter to move consciousness. ...

... We have made series of computer runs of the orbital evolution of asteroids for the 3/1 and 5/2 resonances with Jupiter using both the symplectic integrator RMVS3 [1] and the Bulirsh­Stoer method [2] (BULSTO). ... Besides the values of r hc presented in the Table at N = 144, for the 3/1 resonance at N = 24 we obtained r hc equal to 4.0, 1.7, 0.33, 0.4, and 0.7 at '' = 10 \Gamma8 , 10 \Gamma9 , d s = 3, 10, and 30 days, respectively. So in some cases a symplectic method can give large errors. ...

SITE 2010 Comprehensive Characterization of Astronomical Sites Kislovodsk, Russia, 49 October 2010 Conference Summary Marc S. Sarazin*a a European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany Abstract The main topics discussed during the Site 2010 conference are outlined and the outcome is described. Keywords: Astronomical Site testing, precipitable water vapor, atmospheric turbulence, cloudiness, seeing 1. ... Site surveys for National observatory projects in China, India, and Iran benefit from this. ...

... Mass . 17a. Measuring Mass . ... A medium-size (1.25 inch wide) binder clip, as is used in offices to hold papers together--the type made of flat blue steel, with two wire handles. ... The theory predicts that the oscillation period should be proportional to the square root of the oscillating mass, including the mass of the clip. Note that gravity plays no part here: the oscillation period would be the same on the Moon or in zero-g. Denoting square root by SQRT, we have . ...