Acceleration of ultra-high energy cosmic rays by cluster accretion shocks V.S. Ptuskin, S.I. Rogovaya, V.N. Zirakashvili IZMIRAN HEA-2007 all-particle spectrum of cosmic rays at the Earth modulation by solar wind E -2 .7 E -3 .1 GZK energy losses of ultra-high energy cosmic rays in interstellar and intergalactic space E microwave FIR background c E c,Fe · pair production · pion production p pe+ep N ... cl h - / Mpc M sol / M ush = . ...

... This task performs adaptive smoothing of FITS images. ... Although the task was designed with EPIC X-ray images in mind, it makes few requirements of the input files and can be used to smooth any FITS image in the appropriate data format (see section 6 ). ... The value of can either be kept constant over the extent of the image to produce uniform, non-adaptive smoothing (parameter smoothtype = `simple') or can be made different at different parts of the image ( smoothtype = `adaptive'). ...

. Cosmology . Very Early Universe . Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy . Dark Matter Models . Large Scale Structure . High Energy Astrophysics . Active Galactic Nuclei . Astrophysics of Compact Objects . Accretion Disks . Scientific Staff:

Next: The root filesystem Up: Overview of the Directory Previous: Overview of the Directory . This chapter is loosely based on the Linux filesystem standard, FSSTND, version 1.2 (see the bibliography, [ Qui95 ]), which attempts to set a standard for how the directory tree in a Linux system is organized. ... This chapter does not explain all files in detail. ... The major parts are the root, /usr љ , /var љ , and /home љ filesystems (see figure 2.1 ). ... Figure 2.1: Parts of a Unix directory tree. ...

... In LABORATORY OF RADIO ASTROPHYSICS OF SPECIAL ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY OF RAS . ... History . ... Current problems of the group research interests: . study for cosmic microwave background, . study of radio galaxies (identification, evolution, statistical investigation of population), . investigation of the RATAN-600 antenna, . observations in the survey mode with RATAN-600 and their analysis, . creation of the software for data analysis. vo @ sao.ru ( Oleg Verkhodanov ) ...

... galaxies: bulges galaxies: clusters: general galaxies: clusters: individual: . ... star formation statistics stellar content structure Cosmology ( cosmology :) cosmic background radiation ( cosmology :) cosmological parameters cosmology : miscellaneous cosmology : observations cosmology : theory ( cosmology :) dark ages, reionization, first stars ( cosmology :) dark energy ( cosmology :) dark matter ( cosmology :) diffuse radiation ( cosmology :) distance scale ( cosmology :) early Universe (...

... It has been largely superceded by MatWeb . Conversion Factors . Material properties . Physical constants . Astronomical constants . This table gives conversion factors to convert various units to their SI equivalents. ... The units are SI. This is a short list of physical constants in SI units. ... Boltzmann constant . ... Gas constant . ... Mass . ... Plank's . ... Radiation constant . ... This is a short list of astronomical constants in SI units. ... Sun . ...

Gravitational four-fermion interaction and dynamics of the early Universe I.B. Khriplovich, A.S. Rudenko Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia October 2013 According to common beliefs, present expansion of Universe is result of Big Bang. Quite popular idea is that this expansion had been preceded by compression with subsequent Big Bounce. ... Its energy density is = n4/3, is numerical factor, n1/3 is typical energy per particle. ... Solution of FLRW equations. ...

... The ideas of Dark Matter and Dark Energy are certainly revolutionary. ... What is Dark Energy? ... The galaxies are much more massive than expected and consist of matter we can detect and something else we can't see i.e. Dark Matter. ... How does Dark Energy fit into the evolution of the universe? ... The mutual gravitational attraction between this matter slows the rate of expansion · Once the universe is beyond a certain size Dark Energy, which is a repulsive force, forces galaxies apart. ...

... A new test of the Einstein equivalence principle . The recent claim from the antartic experiment BICEP2 to have found in the B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) the footprint of the gravitational waves produced by the inflation of the Universe provides the first direct proof that inflation actually occurred . ... The ЮБ of the CPR is 0.0237 radians (1.36ТА) in this figure, corresponding to a 0% coupling of CPR with B-mode polarization. ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... Mad Science . ... Universe Today . ... Keep Bad Astronomy close to your heart, and help make me filthy rich. ... As we look farther out, to more distant objects, we see that they are rushing away from us. ... If the Universe is open, it will expand forever. ... If the Universe is flat, it is forever balanced between open and closed; it will expand forever, but always slowing, just balancing gravity. ... 2008 Phil Plait. ... Subscribe to the Bad Astronomy Newsletter! ...

This diagram shows the six superimposed "layers" of the CSS table model. This diagram illustrates the algorithm for calculating a cell's final background. ... The diagram shows how, looking down on the six rectangles, one may compute the background color of each cell. ... A cell without a background color in the top layer is depicted as a "window" onto the lower layers, which give its final background color. ...

. When you enter a command it invokes a program. While this program is running it is called a process . Although there is only one copy of a program, any number of processes can be invoked which run this program. There are several commands which allow you to manage the processes that belong to you. You cannot do anything with processes belonging to other users. Running processes in the foreground . Running processes as background jobs . Managing background jobs . Monitoring processes . Killing a process .

... Class . ... PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS . FRAMES NO FRAMES All Classes . ... FIELD | ... METHOD . DETAIL: FIELD | ... public interface IJEventListener . ... Field Summary . static int . ... Field Detail static final int FOREGROUND_COLOR_CHANGED . ... Constant Field Values . static final int BACKGROUND_COLOR_CHANGED . ... static final int COLOR_PICKER_CLOSED . ... static final int LOG_WINDOW_CLOSED . ... static final int TOOL_CHANGED . ... Method Detail void eventOccurred (int eventID) . ...

Общая Астрономическая Конференция > Форумы общей направленности > Любые вопросы от новичков . Supernovae - Microwave Background - Large-Scale clustering . ... Поиск . ... Созвездия (поиск и описание) .. Созвездия южного неба (поиск и описание) .. Осенние созвездия (поиск и описание) .. Летние созвездия (поиск и описание) .. ... Double Cluster (Хи и Аш Персея (Chi & h Persei), NGC 869 и NGC 884) и скопления вокруг него Звездные ассоциации - астеризмы (поиск и описание) .. ...

... Inflationary Cosmology: Is Our Universe Part of a Multiverse? Professor Alan Guth . ... I will begin by explaining how inflation works, emphasizing how . ... universe. ... ALAN H. GUTH is the Victor F. Weisskopf Professor of Physics . ... Physics, the Cosmology Prize of the Peter Gruber Foundation, . ... inflation. ... Please join us for a pre-meeting dinner discussion at Changsho, 1712 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA at 6:00pm before the meeting. ... Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. ...

... SUPER RATIO . ... On this page I will present the most important (on my opinion) idea on Intellegence Life in the Universe . ... On the problem of the Super Ratio in astrophysics" . ... As a matter of fact, this is the main problem of the modern natural science. ... Here I shall try to speak about the most important problem of the modern natural science, the problem which is undoubtedly, of more importance than discovery of Blacks Holes, creation of Grand Unification Theory or Artificial...

Альтернативный форум . Scientific.ru Все форумы . ... Отмечать NEW , ! ... ETHER SPACE-TIME & COSMOLOGY . ... Volume1: Modern ether concepts relativity and geometry . ... First, there was the evolution of Relativity, Relativistic Cosmology and Geometrodynamics which discarded the early 20th C passive, rigid, ether in favour of geometrized space-time. ... He denominated it 'new ether' because, in opposition to the old one, the new one did not violate his Special and General Principle of Relativity. ...

... Newcomb, Simon, "On the dynamics of the Earth's rotation, with respect to the periodic variations of latitude", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , 52 (1892), 336-341 [ Local PDF ADS link ]. ... Stephenson, Francis Richard Houlden, Michael A., "The Accuracy of TuckermanтАЩs Solar and Planetary Tables", Journal for the History of Astronomy , 12 (1981), 133-138 [ Local PDF ADS link ]. ... Astronomy and Astrophysics , 322 (1997), 347-351 [ Local PDF ADS link ]. ...

The database contains references to the papers, data files and links to the Internet resources related to measurements and calculations of the optical constants in the wavelength interval from X-rays to radio domain. ... References to some useful books and reviews on the subject (e.g. the classical handbooks edited by E.D.Palik) and links to Internet collections of optical constants and personal WWW pages with related software were also placed in the database. You have arrived at our welcome page. ...