Target: Venus . The Soviet VEGA Spacecraft Two remarkable "busloads" of automated spacecraft were launched toward Venus by the Soviet Union in December of 1984. Each one contains three separate modules: one lander and one balloon-carried atmosphere probe to be dropped off at Venus in June, 1985, and one major package of instruments which will continue on to encounter Halley's Comet in March, 1986. ... Venus and Earth: A Comparison . Earth . ... in Earth days) . ... 243 Earth days . ...

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• ASP: Responsible Exploration
• ASP: What Have We Learned About Halley's Comet?

2dF Sees Waves of Galaxies . ... The 2dF system measures galaxy redshifts , allowing astronomers to estimate distances to some of the millions of galaxies visible, and hence to make a three-dimensional map of the local universe. ... Detailed analyses of the incoming data indicate that to create such a network of waves, normal baryonic matter must make up only 15 percent of all matter , while all matter must make up only about 30 percent of that needed to make the universe geometrically flat . ...

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• XWare > APOD

... The main field of my investigations is stellar spectrophotometry. As a result of scientific activity of our group spectrophotometric catalog was created including energy distribution data on 900 stars in the range 3200-7600AA and 250 stars in the range 6000-10800AA (Voloshina et al., Spectrophotometry of Bright Stars, ed. I.N.Glushneva, 1982, Moscow, Nauka, in Russian). ...

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The database contains references to the papers, data files and links to the Internet resources related to measurements and calculations of the optical constants in the wavelength interval from X-rays to radio domain. ... References to some useful books and reviews on the subject (e.g. the classical handbooks edited by E.D.Palik) and links to Internet collections of optical constants and personal WWW pages with related software were also placed in the database. You have arrived at our welcome page. ...

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• Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subsubpage
• Fractal Matter Distribution

... Centrifuge . ... The major factor of the orbital flight, affecting a cosmonaut, is a weightlessness state, which causes essential changes in cardiovascular and vestibular systems operation. ... In addition, you can experience a long-term G-load in a desirable value and direction, including simulation of the typical test profiles for fighter - pilots and cosmonauts. ... Info: Industry news On-line Data Company ATLAS news Events We in press Contact . Copyright 2000-2016 ATLAS Aerospace . ...

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• Project Space Hotel
• Participate in parabolic flights for achievement zero gravity on russian IL-76

... The Science Operation Department is composed of Astronomers, Telescope Instruments Operators(TIOs) and Data Handling Administrators(DHAs). ... Astronomers have proposed several methods to quantitatively measure the amount of turbulence above the telescope, which the most common ones is Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM). In optical testing, the Hartmann test is the common method to test the quality of optical components. ... Hartmann mask consists of 48 lenses. ...

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• Methods and instruments, general issues

... According to the most popular cosmological paradigm, the greater part of the galaxy mass is accumulated in the dark matter halo. ... The polar ring galaxies (PRGs) reveal external rings or disks of gas, dust and stars rotating in a plane roughly perpendicular to the disk of the central galaxy. ... The shape of the dark halo in the model was chosen so as to achieve the best fit to the observed rotation of both galaxies themselves and their polar rings. ... The SPRC-7 galaxy. ...

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• Small telescopes short description
• SAO RAS - Telescopes - BTA - MSS
• Galaxy sector, archive 2014

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

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• University Satellites and Space Science Education '2006 I

Each Apache directive available in the standard Apache distribution is listed here. They are described using a consistent format, and there is a dictionary of the terms used in their descriptions available. AcceptFilter . AcceptMutex . AccessConfig . AccessFileName . Action . ... AuthDBMGroupFile . ... CookieLog (mod_cookies) . CookieLog (mod_log_config) . ...

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• Manual Page: htpasswd - Apache HTTP Server
• Apache Miscellaneous Documentation

. A distribution list is very useful where a group of users need to communicate amongst themselves on a regular basis. Each list is given a name just like any other user. By addressing a message to the list name, the sender can be sure that everyone will receive a copy. You cannot set up a distribution list yourself. Ask your system administrator to set one up for you.

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• Getting a description of each command
• Description of different types of shell
• Checking the description of a command

Stellarium 0.12.3 . ... Classes . ... FileљStructure . ... Atmosphere Class Reference . ... More... #include < Atmosphere.hpp > . voidљ . computeColor (double JD, Vec3d _sunPos, Vec3d moonPos, float moonPhase, StelCore *core, float eclipseFac, float latitude=45.f, float altitude=200.f, float temperature=15.f, float relativeHumidity=40.f) . ... Get fade in/out duration in seconds. ... getFlagShow () const . ... getFadeIntensity (void) const . ... Definition at line 40 of file Atmosphere.hpp . ...

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• Stellarium: Skybright Class Reference
• Stellarium: Refraction Class Reference
• Stellarium: Landscape Class Reference

... Ciel Espace, le magazine qui vous guide toujours plus loin . ... des pages consacr†йes †а la publication de vos photos Mais c'est aussi une vraie communaut†й avec laquelle partager votre passion et nourrir votre curiosit†й. Accueil Mati†иre noire : une observation d†йfie les astronomes . ... A la une . ... En effet, selon les mod†иles th†йoriques, les concentrations de mati†иre noire sont les lieux o†µ naissent les galaxies. ... Une mati†иre noire au comportement ordinaire ? ... Etat du ciel . ...

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• Instruments | Ciel et Espace
• Moon | Ciel et Espace

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Armagh Planetarium . ... Solar System . ... Moon . ... Space Flight . ... Earth Satellites . ... Concept Spacecraft . ... Monthly Sky Notes . ... This image of Earth (left) and the Moon (right) was taken by the Juno space probe's JunoCam, three weeks after its 5 August launch. (image credit:: NASA / JPL / MSSS) . ... Earth and the Moon form a тАЬdouble planetтАЭ unique in the Solar System. ... Subscribe to Astronotes . ...

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• Gemini spacecraft Cutaway: Image of the Month | Astronotes
• Curiosity Rover Landing in Gale Crater Mars | Astronotes
• ALMA Antennae sees Antennae Galaxies | Astronotes

. F IGURE . 6. Reconstruction of the distribution of Z for four groups of stars at the Solar Galactocentric distance within a column with a 80 pc 2 square base. See the caption for Fig.2 for a description of the plots for the four groups (a-d). The solid curve and Z 0 values have the same meaning as in Fig.5c . discussion in the text | previous figure .

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• Vladimir Marsakov Abstracts
• MONTE-CARLO
• RR LYRAE VARIABLES SUBSYSTEMS IN THE GALAXY, figures

... Description . Catalog . ... In the Catalog, we publish equatorial (ЮБ 2000 , ЮД 2000 ) and galactic (l,b) coordinates of cluster centers derived as the position of overdensity in 2MASS catalog (Koposov et al. ... Distances, color-excesses and ages are the mean-square values calculated using all available evaluations from different color-magnitude diagrams. ... There are individual pages for every cluster where all available plots and parameters are published. ... 2002). ...

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• SAI Open Star Clusters (SAI OCL) Catalog

... Speckle polarimeter (previosly known as Multimode Fast Camera MFC) is an instrument which will implement several observational methods of astronomy in visible (BVRI bands): speckle interferometry, polarimetry, speckle polarimetry (including polaroastrometry), and fast photometry. The speckle polarimeter will be installed in one of auxiliary Nasmyth ports of 2.5 m telescope of Sternberg Astronomical Institute. Speckle interferometry. ... Tests of speckle polarimeter at 2.5 m telescope. ...

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• HSFA 2 technical description Technical Details
• Description of Data
• Technical Details

. Red histogram is 2dF QSO Redshift Survey . Blue histogram is Durham/AAT QSO Survey . | Front page | . | << - Number Counts | . Robert J. Smith, ">rsmith@mso.anu.edu.au Last modified: Fri Sep 24 11:39:02 EST 1999 .

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Astronomy Discussion Forums . Forums: . Atm ћ Astrophotography ћ Blackholes ћ Blackholes2 ћ CCD ћ Celestron ћ Domes ћ Education . ... Discussion Forums . ... Your Description Is To Vague. Forum List | ... Post Message | ... www.astronomy.net . ... Unless otherwise specified, web site content Copyright 1994-2016 John Huggins All Rights Reserved . Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

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• Star Instruments, AstroGuide Listing
• Murnaghan Instruments, AstroGuide Listing
• SUE PA Novosibirsk Instrument Making Plant, AstroGuide Listing

. Statistics of sunspot activity . The sunspot indices . My observations . NGDC's observations . The solar regions . Links . About authors . Russian pages . The solar regions . NOAA 11300's . NOAA 11200's . NOAA 11100's . NOAA 11000's . NOAA 10900's . NOAA 10800's . NOAA 10700's . NOAA 10600's . NOAA 10500's . NOAA 10400's . NOAA 10300's . NOAA 10200's . NOAA 10100's . NOAA 10000's . NOAA 09900's . NOAA 09800's . NOAA 09700's . NOAA 09600's . NOAA 09500's . NOAA 09400's . NOAA 09300's .

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... The words are numbered according to the reference mentioned above. ... 59 WORD wSecond ; // 0 .. 59 satellite tracking start time (GMT) float fStep ; // reserved WORD wMass ; // reserved BYTE reserved [12] ; // reserved WORD wExtraBytes ; // reserved } TRAJECTORYHEADER ; NOTE: the satellite tracking start time is a hardware operating start time to follow satellite. typedef struct { // ephemeris at satellite tracking start time double time ; // Epoch time (yyddd.ddddddddd)...

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• References (SMIS IKI RAN)
• Flooding (SMIS IKI RAN Project)
• XV-HITRAN