... The hotter the gas, the faster they move, and the more energy each of them holds. The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much , much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ...

Elsevier Ed itorial System(tm) for JASR 2006 Manuscript Draft Manuscript Number: Title: Determination of K, Ar, Cl, S, Si and Al flare abundances from RESIK soft X-ray spectra Article Type: Contributed Paper Section/Category: E2.4 - Solar Magnetic Field and Activities Keywords: solar physics; X-ray flares ; spectroscopy; abundances Corresponding Author: Dr. J. Sylwester , Corresponding Author's Institution: Space Research Center First Author: J ... All flares were observed early Fig. ...

... There is an opportunity to perform O-C calculations for objects which are absent in the data base of the package. Such objects can be described by orbital elements or by initial coordinates and velocities. ... On pressing Edit file button user has a possibility to look through the list of object elements or their coordinates and velocities to add or to change it. ... For example, the designations of objects in the list can occupy the last position in each line. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... The Magazine . ... Star Atlas . ... An artificial comet holds secrets to Earths life . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... Observing springtime deep-sky objects with a large telescope . ... The planet has extreme temperature swings and perhaps active lava flows. ... A digital supplement to Astronomy magazine. ... Join TravelQuest International with Astronomy and Discover magazines on one of three great tour options surrounding this celestial spectacle . ... Astronomy Magazine . ...

... We have observed and studied critical supercurrents, Ic, in cross-type Nb-Cu/Ni-Nb junctions with Josephson layers prepared from diluted ferromagnetic alloys. For suitable values of the exchange energy in the ferromagnet and the F-layer thickness we have observed Ic(T) oscillation with vanishing Ic for the definite values of T and dF. ... Critical supercurrents, Ic, in Nb-Cu(1-x)Ni(x)-Nb Josephson SFS junctions with F-layers prepared from ferromagnetic Cu(1-x)Ni(x) alloys have been studied. ...

Pulkovo NEO Page . ... NEA Accuracy Estimation . ... The estimation of accuracy of the current CCD observations of asteroids and comets is constantly performed at Pulkovo Observatory. ... The (O-C) values, so called "Observed" minus "Calculated" positions, characterize numerically the observations of any observatory, both professional and amateur, during a short period (one or several close nights). ... So the (O-C) values for these objects nearly entirely define the errors of observations. ...

... The Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility's (AXAF) High and Low energy transmission gratings (HETG, LETG) data require new tools and data structures to support x-ray dispersive spectroscopy. ... The sky coordinates, which are referenced to the telescope mirror node and therefore independent of the grating reference node, are only useful for the imaging of zero order and the filtering of grating arm photons. ... For more details on the AXAF grating flight processing software, see: . ...

... Polish scientists at the Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, in Wroclaw, south-west Poland, have constructed an instrument called SphinX (short for Solar PHotometer In X-rays), which is an X-ray spectrophotometer, that will obtain spectra in the energy range 0.5--15 keV in 256 energy channels with frequency of up to 100 times a second. ... SphinX is part of a package of instruments known as TESIS (PI Prof. Sergei Kuzin, Lebedev Institute, Moscow). ... Space Research Centre, . ...

Microsymposium 40, abstract 88, 2004 (A4 format) GAMMA RAYS FROM MAJOR ELEMENTS BY THERMAL NEUTRON CAPTURE REACTIONS: EXPERIMENT AND SIMULATION FOR PLANETARY GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY. ... Then the calculation can be restarted by producing gamma rays and let them trans- GAMMA RAYS FROM MAJOR ELEMENTS BY THERMAL NEUTRON CAPTURE REACTIONS: N. Yamashita et al. port and react, with initial energies determined the outside multiplication and initial locations wh neutron capture reaction took place. ...

... They are concerned with Attitude Control System of the spacecraft, satellite visibility from tracking stations, limits on the satellite autonomous operations during the orbit, and needs for auxiliary operations with the spacecraft. ... Among the operational constraints the most important one is the number of programmed slews per orbit, which determines the maximum number of radio sources to be observed during one orbit. ... System temperature (K) . ... Progress of the RadioAstron Project in Pictures...

... Emission and Reflection in NGC 6559 . ... Credit: Robert Gendler Explanation: Bright gas and dark dust permeate the space between stars in a nebula known as NGC 6559 . ... Small dust particles reflect blue starlight efficiently and so creates the blue reflection nebulosity seen near two of the bright stars. ... Publications with keywords: reflection nebula - emission nebula - NGC 6559 . Publications with words: reflection nebula - emission nebula - NGC 6559 . ... IC 4628: The Prawn Nebula . ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...

... Contacts . 2008: . Detection of two new LBV stars. In two exterior galaxies new luminous blue variable stars (LBV) were observed. ... Fast deceleration of rotation of a magnetic star with a strong field HD 37776. 31 years of observations of the magnetic star HD 37776 resulted in detecting deceleration of its axial rotation for 17.7 0.7s (dP/P = 4.0x10 -6 per year). ... It is the first case of magnetic deceleration detection for a chemically peculiar star on the main sequence. ... Archive . ...

... Meade Instruments Corporation . ... Refracting telescopes (Meade Models NG-60, NGC-60, DS-2070AT, ETX-70AT, LXD55-AR5, LX55-AR6 ) and mirror-lens telescopes ( ETX-90AT, 105AT, 125AT, LXD55-SC8, 8LX90, LX200 GPS Series ) are generally more versatile in a wide array of land and astronomical applications. ... The intermediate-level observer, or the non-casual telescope user who wishes to purchase one telescope for a lifetime, should consider a Meade Model LXD55 series, 8LX90, or LX200GPS. ... Meade 4M ...

Marc White . ... Turbulent entrainment processes may play an important role in the outflows from young stellar objects at all stages of their evolution. In particular, lateral entrainment of ambient material by high-velocity, well-collimated protostellar jets may be the cause of the multiple emission-line velocity components observed in the microjet-scale outflows driven by classical T Tauri stars. ... University of Amsterdam; STARPLAN, Copenhagen, Jul 2013 . ... E marc.white@anu.edu.au . ...

... Under certain conditions, like those in the nucleus of a QSO, all atoms can be made to emit light at particular wavelengths. ... If that source is approaching the observer, the wave is squashed up onto itself making the wavelength shorter. ... This is redshift. ... You can see how the section of the QSO spectrum which we observe changes with redshift. ... We then see how far we had to slide the observed spectrum along the scale to make it match and that is the objects redshift. ... The 2QZ team . ...

... Observing . ... Solar Observing . ... April 3 (SUN) - Solar Observing, Central Park , Manhattan . ... APRIL'S SKY . ... Lecture Series at the American Museum of Natural History The Amateur Astronomers Association is proud to present an astronomy lecture series from October through May each year for our members and the .. ... The€аAmateur Astronomers Association of New York€аwas organized in 1927 to promote the study of Astronomy, emphasizing its cultural and inspirational value. ...

M. ( / DIAS, Ireland), A. (ISDC, Switzerland) 1 - Key Question Only 3 binary systems regularly observed in TeV: PSR B1259-63 (young pulsar +Be star, P=3.4 y) LSI +61 303 (comp. source + Be star, P=26.42 d) LS 5039 (comp. source + O star, P=3.9 d) Origin of the high-energy emission? ... 2006; Neronov &Chernyakova 2007 4 3.4 years orbital period. e~0.87 Correlated variability with a sharp rise ( "two bumps structure" ) is seen in radio, X-ray (and TeV?) bands. ...

... ARC 3.5m | Weather Closure Conditions . The enclosure will be closed by the Observing Specialist under the following conditions. ... This policy will be consulted whenever there are questions or disagreements concerning closure of the APO 3.5-meter telescope due to hazardous conditions or situations, at times when telescope operations are being overseen by an APO Observing Specialist. ... the on-duty Observing Specialist has full responsibility, and sole authority, to make this decision. ...

Verkhoglyadova O.P., V.N. Ivchenko, K. Kudela, M. Slivka, V.N. Lutsenko, S.A. Romanov "Approach to identification of the tail plasma regimes using INTERBALL-1 data" // Czech. ... Yermolaev "Observation of vortical motions and compressional waves in the dawn low-latitude sheet" // Journal of Technical Physics, 1999, v.XL, No 1, p.325-328. ... Martiushov V. "A point explosion inside a cavity with power-law density distribution" // 6 th Open Young Scientists' Conference on Astronomy and Space Physics. ...