Next: Future Work Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Modes of Operation . ... However, the first experiments with Co-60 irradiation showed loss of charge transfer performance at doses of 10krads [Lumb and Holland 1988b]. ... These studies showed that the charge transfer degradation was a more severe problem than conventional integrated circuit damage mechanisms. ... Another manifestation of radiation damage is that of dark current spike generation. ...

The overall efficiency (including atmospheric transmission, reflectivity of the telescope mirrors and overall efficiency of the optics and of the detector) for broad-band imaging should be about 25% in H and K, and about 15% in J. The main noise source for both broad- and narrow-band imaging should be the photon noise associated to the background+source flux. ... Flat fielding (and possibly background subtraction) might increase the noise by a factor 2 ? ...

... Anticipated Radiation Effects . ... Various radiation effects can be anticipated, based on similarities to other CMOS devices. ... Total dose radiation effects in CMOS devices can be divided into two broad classes: charge trapping and interface state generation. ... When interface states are located in a depletion region, they act as sources of dark current. Increased dark current is expected to be the dominant radiation effect in active pixel sensors, leading to increased shot noise. ...

... Z Machine Sets Unexpected Earth Temperature Record . ... Credit: Z Machine Collaboration , Sandia National Lab , Lockheed Martin , NNSA, DOE Explanation: Why is this plasma so hot? ... What is known for sure is that the Z Machine running at Sandia National Laboratories created a plasma that was unexpectedly hot. The plasma reached a temperature in excess of two billion Kelvin , making it the hottest thing ever in the history of the Earth and, for a brief time, hotter than the interiors of stars. ...

... 2006 March 13 . Z Machine Sets Unexpected Earth Temperature Record . ... The plasma reached a temperature in excess of two billion Kelvin , making it arguably the hottest human made thing ever in the history of the Earth and, for a brief time, hotter than the interiors of stars. ... During the unexpected powerful contained explosion, the Z machine released about 80 times the world's entire electrical power usage for a brief fraction of a second. ... About APOD | ...

... These are ``quirks'' rather than ``bugs''. Below is a list of quirks. When loading a file and ``Reset Intensity Upon File Load'' is disabled, the intensity range of the previous image will be used. ... When moving between two images (such as when blinking, or when loading a new image), the display system attempts to retain the old image parameters (i.e. zoom box). What is retained are the corners of the zoom box measured in image pixel co-ordinates, not world co-ordinates. ...

Astronomy Discussion Forums . ... I Expected More Sense Than That. ... Post Message | ... Posted by Richard D. Stafford, Ph.D. on November 8, 2002 04:14:05 UTC . ... You are missing the point - harvey1 - November 8, 2002 - 13:10 UTC . I hope Stafford doesn't mind my intruding his forum - mrsouza - November 8, 2002 - 14:55 UTC . ... www.astronomy.net . ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

... This year SSAU provides 1429 state-funded places for admission in all kinds and directions of educational programs. ... In addition, SSAU Admission Committee notes the substantial increase in interest from the foreign applicants this year. The number of applications from foreign countries has already surpassed last year's totals - 76 applications. Based on the experience of admission campaigns of previous years, SSAU expects summer 2014 to enrol about 150 foreign students in the university. ...

WFC3 Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 . ... Wide Field Camera 3 Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 > Appendix A: WFC3 Filter Throughputs > A.2 Throughputs and S/N Ratio Data . ... Note that the plots show the S/N as a function of source magnitude for exposure times as short as 0.1 s, although the minimum exposure time for the UVIS channel is actually 0.5 s. Wide Field Camera 3 Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24 > Appendix A: WFC3 Filter Throughputs > A.2 Throughputs and S/N Ratio Data . ...

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Data Handling and Products > Data Reduction FAQ > I see unexpected boxy emission-like features in my REDL spectra - where do they come from? ... Observing with ESO Telescopes . ... ESO-MIDAS . ... ESO Data . ... The pipeline by default interpolates across the bad columns in the REDL CCD when it creates the master bias, but does not so when it processes the science data. This inconsistency can create boxy emission-like features as seen in the figure below. ...

link to plots: system performance before and after the horn move. ... Focus curves done on each receiver showed that all of the kildal horns had a platform focus position about .5 lambda below the non-kildal horns (and below the expected position). ... Fig 1 top is the gain [K/Jy] before (black) and after (red) the move. ... Fig 2 shows the gain,Tsys,Sefd, and average beam widths before (black) and after (red). ... Fig 4 plots the pointing error before (black) and after (red). ...

NIFS was reassembled for its first mechanisms test in May 2002. ... The cryostat temperatures took 90 hours to stabilize to 50 K. Initial impressions were that all mechanisms were operating correctly. ... Once cold, the mechanisms were extensively tested using command scripts. ... Cold work surface plate being inserted in the NIFS cryostat. ... Bob Miles working on the cryostat center section. ... Spectrograph side of cryostat. ... Instrumentation Links * Gemini Project Links * Other IR Instruments ...

... S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA . ... OAO RSC "Energia" . ... Company's History . ... History . Brief History of Rocket and Space Technology . ... Flights Chronology . ... Project History . ISS Russian Segment . Steps of ISS Assembly . Spaceflights Chronology . Chronology of Extravehicular Activity . ISS 45/46 . ... Rocket Space Complexes . ... Launches Chronology . ... Automatic Space Systems . ... Man in space | ... 2015 JSC "S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia" . ...

Trail encounter . ... Expected meteor rates . ... The Leonids are the debris of Comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle. ... The Earth's passage right through the centre of trails is associated with the most spectacular meteor displays (studies show that, as well as how close to the centre of the trail you are, the strength of the display also depends on how far along a trail's length you are). ... The encounter with the 1932 trail will lead to enhanced meteor activity: a nice outburst, but below storm level. ...

... In this section, we develop a physical model of the secondary as a disk that is centrifugally supported in the radial direction and hydrostatically supported in the vertical direction. We assume that the disk is vertically isothermal and well mixed. ... where is the mean molecular mass of the gas, is the orbital period at the outer edge of the disk in years, and all of the mass of the secondary has been assumed to be concentrated near its center, so the Keplerian approximation is valid. ...

... Expected NICMOS Performance after HST Servicing Mission 3 . NICMOS Cooling System Design . ... NASA is developing the NICMOS Cooling System (NCS) to provide operation of NICMOS beyond the exhaustion of its stored solid nitrogen cryogen. ... The NCS combines an external radiator identical in design to the ACS/STIS Aft Shroud Cooling System (ASCS) planned for SM3, a Creare, Inc. reverse-Brayton cycle turbine cooler, and an EVA installed neon loop to the NICMOS dewar's cooling coil. ...

For today's in class we will be working with spatial and temporal data sets which are quite noisy. Particularly, you have monthly rainfall totals for the following six locations in Oregon from the period 1950 - 1999. Eugene . Salem . Portland . Astoria . North Bend . Newport . There are many facets of what you can do with this data. Please explore the following questions with some degree of sound statistical reasoning and data presentation: .

... The hotter the gas, the faster they move, and the more energy each of them holds. The free ions and electrons in a plasma behave the same way. Knowing the temperature of the high atmosphere of Earth, or that of the Sun, we can calculate energies expected of ions and electrons found there. However, ions and electrons actually observed in space are often much , much more energetic, and may move at a respectable fraction of the velocity of light (300,000 km/sec or 186,000 miles/sec). ...

... Radio emission at around 90 GHz from star-forming galaxies is expected to be strongly dominated by the free-free component due to ionising radiation from massive, short-lived, stars. We present high surface-brightness sensitivity observations at 90 GHz of the nearby star-forming galaxy Messier 66 with resolution of about 9 arcsec (corresponding to a physical scale of about 500 pc) and analyse these observations in combination with archival lower frequency radio and mid-infrared measurements. ...

Next: The Present Situation in Up: No Title Previous: Case A: . Why it is possible that the Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit exceeds ? ... The lifetime of HSP (``hot'' spinar) is completely determined by the cooling time which is of the order of s according to different calculations. ... It seems very attractive to identify this cooling time with the mean characteristic gamma-ray burst duration s! . ... Finally, for the high Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit for the cool non-rotating object, when . ...