... 2.3 Establishing the Extragalactic Distance Scale . ... 2.3.2 The Second Rung: Distances to stellar clusters . ... 2.3.4 Distances to Local Group Galaxies . ... The Luminosity Function of Planetary Nebulae . ... 3.2.2 Clusters of Galaxies . ... 4.2 Evidence for Dark Matter as a Function of Scale Size . ... 4.3 Other Dark Matter Indicators for Galaxies . ... What is the nature of the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe as traced by the three-dimensional galaxy distribution? ...

Two groups are measuring distant supernovae with the goal of determining whether the Universe is open or closed by measuring the curvature in the Hubble diagram. The figure below shows both data sets: Perlmutter et al. (1997) and (1998) in black and Garnavich et al. (1997) in orange. The curves show a closed Universe (Omega = 2) in red, the critical density Universe (Omega = 1) in black, the empty Universe (Omega = 0) in green, and the steady state model in blue. ... Tutorial : Part 1 | ...

The ESA/ESO Astronomy Exercise Series 2 . The Distance to Messier 100 as Determined by Cepheid Variable Stars . ... The small variations in distance to the individual Cepheid variable stars in the Cloud are negligible compared with the much larger distance to the SMC. ... In this way Cepheid variable stars can be used as one of the 'standard candles' in the Universe that act either as distance indicators themselves or can be used to calibrate (or set the zero point for) other distance indicators. ...

HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE DAILY REPORT #1858 PERIOD COVERED: 0000Z (UTC) 04/16/97 - 0000Z (UTC) 04/17/97 Daily Status Report as of 107/0000Z 1.0 ACTIVITIES SCHEDULED AND ACCOMPLISHED: 1.1 Completed NIC/2/3 7053 (NICMOS Limb Avoidance Determination) The Near Infrared Cameras (Cameras Two and Three) were used to = make limb avoidance determination observations. ... The observations were = executed as schedule, and no anomalies were noted. ...

... For more distant stars we must use other techniques. ... Hence if we see a distant galaxy and can pick out any cepheids lying within it, we can calculate its distance. ... Here then is another method to gauge the size of the Universe and there are yet more. volume at high enough temperature a nuclear fusion reaction sweeps across the white dwarf's surface and eventually we will see a spectacularly bright new star (hence nova) in our skies. ... Why is this relevant to the size of the Universe? ...

Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, . Moscow, Russia . Supernovae make us brighter .. Search russian astronomical resources . Mirror of International Supernovae Network ( Original site ) . Catalogue of Supernovae Stars . HTTP access to SAI Catalogue of Supernovae Stars . SAI SN Light Curves Online . ... Sternberg Astronomical Institute ( in Russian ) . ... Astronet - Russian Astronomical Network . ... Russian Foundation for Basic Research . ...

Next: NICMOS/HST H-band (F160W) Images Up: NICMOS Science Previous: HST NICMOS Observations of . ... Observations of P . ... The NICMOS team has devised a comprehensive program of observations of the Galactic Center. ... Data in hand give a first look at variability and a detailed look at the search for the tip of the main sequence will be discussed where NICMOS has demonstrated adequate sensitivity and photometric precision to identify likely O8-B1 stars at the Galactic Center. ...