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Introduction

The calibrations available during Cycle 7 and Cycle 7-NICMOS will be based on three distinct calibration activities. First, NICMOS has been extensively tested on the ground. These tests included a limited amount of calibration, particularly during the System Level Thermal Vacuum (SLTV) testing. Second, we are presently completing a period following the installation of NICMOS into HST for testing and initial calibration. This activity is known as the Servicing Mission Observatory Verification (SMOV). Finally, the routine Cycle 7 calibration program is now getting underway.

It is important to distinguish between the various goals of these calibration activities. SLTV was intended to demonstrate the proper functioning of the Scientific Instrument (SI) and to obtain, to the extent possible, an initial calibration of a subset of its capabilities. SMOV is intended to demonstrate that the instrument is functioning as expected, based on the SLTV experience, to characterize those parameters not measurable during SLTV (e.g., the thermal background generated by the HST optics), to establish necessary operation parameters (e.g. plate scale), and to begin the calibration of NICMOS. In many cases the complete calibration will be conducted during Cycle 7 with SMOV being used to demonstrate that the planned calibrations are in fact feasible. This approach is designed to enable the acquisition of science observations at the earliest possible date, even if the best possible calibrations do not become available until some time later. This contributes to the efficiency with which HST can be operated and maximizes the total number of NICMOS observations over its cryogen limited lifetime.



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