STIS Instrument Handbook for Cycle 24

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1.2	Introduction to the Handbook

1.2.1 Document Conventions

1.2.2 Examples Used in this Handbook

The STIS Instrument Handbook is the basic reference manual for the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph; it describes the instrument’s properties, performance, operations, and calibration. The Handbook is maintained by the STIS team at STScI. Wherever possible, the most recent operational data have been incorporated into this revised edition.

We have designed the document to serve three purposes:

•	To provide instrument-specific information for preparing Phase I STIS observing proposals.

•	To provide instrument-specific information to support the design of Phase II proposals for accepted STIS programs.

•	To provide technical information about the performance and operation of the instrument that can help in the understanding of problems and in the interpretation of data acquired with STIS.

This Handbook is not meant to serve as a manual for the reduction and analysis of data taken with STIS. The STIS Data Handbook (available from the STScI Help Desk or the STIS website) describes how to work with STIS data.

1.2.1 Document Conventions

This document follows the usual STScI convention in which terms, words, and phrases which are to be entered by the user in a literal way on an HST proposal are shown in a typewriter font (e.g., STIS/CCD, SHADOW). Names of software packages or commands (e.g., calstis) are given in boldface.

Wavelengths in this Handbook and in STIS data products are always measured in vacuum conditions. Wavelength units in this Handbook are in Angstroms (å).

1.2.2 Examples Used in this Handbook

The Handbook uses six observational examples to illustrate various scenarios such as calculation of exposure times, estimation of overheads, etc. throughout the text. The examples are:

•	Long-slit optical spectroscopy of the nearby galaxy NGC 4406 (M86).

•	Long-slit optical and UV spectroscopy and optical imaging of NGC 6543, the Cat’s Eye planetary nebula.

•	First-order low-resolution spectroscopy covering STIS’ full wavelength range from 1150 å in the UV to 10,300  å in the near-infrared (NIR) of the continuous viewing zone (CVZ) solar analog star P041-C.

•	Echelle spectroscopy of the O-type star Sk-69°215 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a target in the CVZ.

•	Deep optical imaging of a random field.

•	Time-resolved UV spectroscopy of the flare star AU Mic.

In addition, we use stellar spectra throughout the Handbook to illustrate signal-to-noise ratio calculations and derive limiting magnitudes. Figure 1.1 shows the normalized spectra of O, A, G, and M stars from an observed catalog of stars (for details, see Buser, 1978, A&A, 62, 411) which are used in the Handbook examples.

Many of the performance characteristics of STIS change over time. These changes include gradual decreases in optical throughput, increases in detector dark currents, and decreasing charge transfer efficiencies. Most of the figures and tables illustrating throughputs, signal-to-noise calculations, bright object limits, and limiting magnitudes had been recalculated for the Cycle 17 version of this Handbook based on the best available performance estimates for Cycle 17. Except where otherwise noted these tables and figures have not been updated for the additional changes expected for Cycle 24. In most cases the differences will be modest. For more up-to-date performance estimates, it is suggested that users consult the STIS ETCs available at:

http://www.stsci.edu/hst/stis/software/planning/etc/.

The sensitivities and other instrument parameters adopted for use with the Cycle 24 ETCs are our best estimates for April 2017 (i.e. mid-Cycle 24).

Figure 1.1: Spectra of O5V, A0V, G0V, and M0V Stars.

These spectra are used throughout the handbook and are normalized at 5550 å. Note the dramatic differences in the UV properties