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Possible ways of the casebearer fauna (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae) formation in the Russian Palaearctic. - Anikin V.V. - The problem of the casebearer fauna formation in the Palaearctic and further ways of fauna development are discussed. The casebearer faunagenesis is noted to proceed only in the framework of florogenesis on a specific territory. Possible ways and stages of the casebearer faunagenesis on the territory of Russia are suggested. A scheme of fauna formation in several centres of speciation and faunistic complexes of tundra, taiga, decidous forests, mountains, steppes, and deserts is described. The taiga and tundra casebearer faunas seem the youngest ones.
Key words: Microlepidoptera, Coleophoridae, faunagenesis, Palaearctic, Russia.
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Genesis of natural conditions and basic trends in the modern dynamics of animal habitats in the north of the Lower Volga region. Report VII. Bird distribution dynamics under anthropogenic factors. - Zavialov E.V., Shlyakhtin G.V., Tabachishin V.G., Popov N.V., Yakushev N.N., Mosolova E.Yu. - Problems of the bird distribution dynamics in the north of the Lower Volga region under the influence of anthropogenic factors are discussed. Several groups of the main causes of population destablization have been resolved, including direct and indirect elimination and limiting anthropogenic factors. Pesticide pollution of natural complexes in the course of the wide usage of insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, and other toxic preparations is analyzed in detail. The scale of ornithocomplex damages due to the pesticide usage on the territory under study and some consequences of bird intoxication and poison migration along nutrition chains have been revealed. The leading role of the trophic base dynamics in the distribution of some bird species of the region is shown.
Key words: birds, habitat dynamics, anthropogenic factors, elimination, pesticide pollution, Lower Volga region.
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An analysis of vegetative groups around red wood anthills (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). - Zryanin V.A., Novoselova N.A., Petrushova E.S. - The specific features of herbal groups near red wood anthills (Formica aquilonia) are determined by the vigorous activity of these ants to distribute seeds as well as by the influence of the anthill which creates favourable conditions for growing. On the basis of factor and cluster analyses the influence of each development stage of the anthill and the distance from it on the structure of neighbouring plant groups was studied in two forest biogeocenoses (a mixed forest and a birch forest). The seed bank of some anthills was examined and a field experiment with withdrawal of the seeds of 8 myrmecochoric plant species was carried out, which has allowed the role of the foraging activity of ants in the distribution of these species to be estimated. The ecological diversity, state and preference of plants in near-anthill ring zones are discussed.
Key words: ants and plants, near-anthill vegetative groups, myrmecochory.
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Does sewage burial into the bowels of the earth solve the utilization problem or create a new one? (with the Yelshanka station of underground gas storage as an example). - Ivanova A.G. - An urgent geoecological problem concerning pumping and burial of industrial sewage on the territory of the Yelshanka-Kurdyum station of underground gas storage is discussed. This threatens the microworld of animals, plants, and bacteria as well as the underground water purity of the Saratov region, the burial place and the processes on underground filtration fields being insufficiently known. An analysis of the geologo-hydrogeological state of the burial place is made and principal ways of solving the pumpimg problem are suggested. The place where an out-break of industrial sewage is most probable has been located on the basis of data granted by the station geological service and the water monitoring laboratory of Yugtransgas Inc.
Key words: industrial sewage, utilization, underground burial, Saratov, Russia.
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Peculiarities of using semidesert habitats by Meriones meridianus Pallas, 1773 and Meriones tamariscinus Pallas, 1773 in the south of Kalmykia. - Neronov V.V., Aleksandrov D.Yu. - Data on using microhabitats by the coexisting Meriones meridianus and M. tamariscinus under restoring manmade sand desert in Kalmykia (the Chernye zemli) are given. The results of our 4-year stationary survey (1997 - 2000) obtained on a permanent life-trap line, using the capture-recapture and marking method, have allowed us to reveal seasonal and long-term changes in the spatial structure of the population groups of these species. In the spring, both species were found in the same biotope (an array of small sand dunes), within which their biotopic preferences, however, were different. In the autumn, the total number of animals increased after young animals' appearance, and a redistribution of them over the territory was observed due to these young animals settling apart, on new places unoccupied before. The reactions of the species to seasonal and long-term changes of the environmental conditions can be considered as adaptation mechanisms for supporting the stable existence of local populations in the unstable medium of the semidesert ecotone.
Key words: Midday Gerbil, Tamarisk Gerbil, sand semidesert, habitat, microbiotop, population, spatial structure, Kalmykia, Chernye zemli.
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Modern state of the steppe Zavolzhie ecosystems. - Rybakova N., Meissner B., Lukjanov S.B., Ermakov O.A., Titov S.B. - A GIS of the basic natural and anthropogenic ecosystems of the steppe Zavolzhie has been compiled on the basis of deciphered cosmic different-season photos made in 2000. A map of their modern state is proposed.
Key words: geoinformational system, steppe ecosystems, Little pika, steppe Zavolzhie, Russia.
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Temperature effect on the development duration of Trhypochthonius tectorum Berlese, 1896 (Acariformes, Oribatei). - Ermilov S.G., Chistyakov M.P., Renzhina A.A. - The effect of temperature on the duration of both embryonic and post-embryonic development of Trhypochthonius tectorum was studied. The T. tectorum development at 17њC lasts 97 to 116 days. The T. tectorum development at 20њC lasts 49 to 60 days.
Key words: oribatid mites, Trhypochthonius tectorum, embryonic and post-embryonic development.
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Dynamics of some morphological characteristics of great bustard eggs during artificial incubation. - Kapranova T.A., Mosiyash S.S., Tabachishin V.G. - The dynamics of the main oological characteristics of 35 eggs (collected from doomed great bustard egg layings) in the course of artificial incubation is considered. The egg weight index (Im) is shown to be linearly dependent on the incubation period (C, in days) as described by the following equations: Im = 3.308 - 0.024×C (fertilized) and Im = 3.308 - 0.0401×C (non-fertilized).
Key words: egg, weight, incubation period, Otis tarda.
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