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• the 2*1024-channel photon counter (IPCS) set on the modernized spectrograph SP-124;
• the 1024*1024-panoramic CCD detector (CCD-camera) providing the observational rate of the "long slit" mode;
• the electrophotometer ("NЕP-1") set before the slit part of the spectrograph;
• the hard/software MANIA complex (Multichannel Analysis of Nanosecond Intensity Alterations; see the description on the separate desk);
• an automated control and acquisition system.

The complex is intented for the spectral observation with low and moderate resolution and for simultaneous spectral and photometrical observation in different modes with a time resolution up to 30 ms for the registered spectra, 1 ms for the classical photometry and up to 20 ns given the special registration complex MANIA is used. Having its integral possibilities to provide simultaneous spectral and photometrical observations in different modes, the complex is a unique device in the world.

The treating of the obtained data is performed with the software developed in the SAO and working in MIDAS European system. All observations with the spectrophotometrical complex are conducted remotely in the automatic regime from the remote control room of the 6-m telescope.

During the use of the complex, which is the oldest digital device of the BTA (1983-1996), there were:

• 891 observation nights conducted;
• 13473 different observations obtained;
• the file size of the archive data of 420 Mb stored.

The studying of the active extragalactic objects:

• A new sample of about 300 quasars with the redshift range of z=0.2 \div 3.2 and about 80 Syfert galaxies from the Second Byurakan Survey was built that allows to review the space densities of the active extragalactic objects and their evolution.
• since 1986 till 1996 the monitoring of the core spectrum of the bright Syfert galaxy NGC 4151 had been conducted. Resulting from more that 500 spectra in the H-beta region, there was revealed that some spectra features can be narrow components of the H-beta and H-delta lines and HeII-lambda 4686 line with the radial velocities of -7500 and +9500 km/sec. A quasiperiodical behaviour of the variation of the broad emission line HeII-lambda 4686 assymetry with the character time of about 2 years was discovered. The observed spectral variations can be explained by the model of the relativistic rejection of substance from the galactic core.
• In 1996 a new internation project (with the Astronomical Institute of Potsdam, Germany) on optical identification of X-ray sources has been started. The preliminary observations of this program on 6-m telescope has allowed to discover more that 50 active extragalactic obgects.

Investigation of the blue compact galaxies:

• A new sample of 360 blue compact galaxies with a strong star formation was build on the base of the Second Byurakan Survey. Having analysed it a new galaxy SBS 0335-052 with the minimum abundance of heavy elements was discovered. The detailed spectral studying of the galaxy showed that it is the youngest galaxy among the near objects in the Universe so far.
• More that 20 galaxies with the extremely low-abundances of heavy elements in the range of 1/30-1/10 of the Sun's one, were found. They were used to measure the new value of the primordial Helium abundance Y_p=0.230 pm 0.003, which corresponds to the standard models of the Big Bang.
• There was shown that the space distribution of the sample objects differs from the distribution of normal bright galaxies that partially confirms the modern cosmological theories of galaxy origin in the presence of invisible "dark" substantion.

Investigation of relativistic star objects:

• During the 15-years observation term near 500 spectra of the unique source SS~433, from which the relativistic jets were found for the first time, were obtained. Having the radial velocities of the HeII 4686 line the mass of the relativistic star of M=5.3 \div 10.7 Sun's mass was found that allows to consider it as a black hole. The orbital and precession radial velocity curves of permanent emission lines were obtained. Their analysis allowed to understand the structure of a "overcritical" accrection disk. For this object the spiral waves in the accrection disk were found for the first time. The physical parameters of the SS~433 relativistic jets, which are the most intriguing puzzle of the XX-century astronomy, were determined. In the jets with the 1^\circ spread the gas components are ejected with the velocity equal to 1/4 of the light one. Their density is 10^{13} cm ^{-3}, the electronic temperature is 15000 K, the kinetic energy taken away in a time unit is 10^{-39} erg/sec, that is 100000 times as big as the Sun's luminosity.
• In 1992-1993 a unique eclipsing binary star NN Ser, that has the deeppest known eclipse of more that 6 magnitudes, was studied. This sistem applies to the type of predecessors of cataclismic eruptiv variables. It is shown that the intensities and radial velocities of hydrogen and helium emissiones lines vary with a period phase and up to their complete disappearance near the main eclipse. For the first time we succeded in precise localisation of the origin region of these lines as a spot on the dwarf star surface that arises as a result of the heating by the adjacent component - hot white dwarf star.
• In the intermediate brighness state of AM Her the 4.5--minutes brightness fluctuations of large amplitude (60\%), that exist the most part of the orbital cycle, were found. Such 5-10 minutes quasiperiodic brightness fluctuations of polars can be explained by a superposition of regular periodic oscillations, the brightness variations of continuum and emission lines vary negligibly.

Some illustrations (light curves, spectra) of the data obtained with this complex are shown on the desc of the laboratory of Relativistic Astrophysics.

"Structure" participants:

1. Lipovetsky V.A.
2. Neizvestnij S.I.
3. Ugryumov A.V.
4. Kniazev A.Y.

• Sherggin V. - SAO RAS
• Zinkovsky V. - SAO RAS

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26 September 1996