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Scientific achievements, Metagalaxy sector

The distributions of radial ages and chemical compositions of the stellar population for several elliptical galaxies were measured from the BTA observations down to the record (to date) distances from the nucleus. A significant radial gradient of the stellar population age was discovered. It was shown that the chemical composition gradient cannot be approximated by a simple power law. These findings strongly contradict the now popular concept of the creation of elliptical galaxies through hierarchical mergers.

30 000 radio sources from the decimeter NVSS catalog were studied in the centimeter range with the near-to-NVSS sensitivity. The population of objects with inversion spectra was identified and their role in the next-generation experiments (Radioastron, Planck-2008) was accessed. The RATAN-600 observations show the flattening of the average spectral index in the transition to the populations that dominate the mJy level.

The joint monitoring (BTA and other world telescopes) of the optical afterglow of the closest gamma-ray burst GRB060218 at redshift z=0.033 shows that "long" gamma-ray bursts are the onsets of massive supernova explosions, and, most probably, during the gamma-ray event we observe a relativistic collapse of the stellar core and the birth of a very dense compact object - a supernova remnant.

Photometric distances were measured and peculiar radial velocities were determined for 3000 spiral galaxies from the 2MFGC catalog, compiled at the SAO RAS based on the 2MASS infrared sky survey. Collective motion of galaxies in the Local Universe in the volume of 100 Mpc radius has an average velocity of 225±45 km/s in the direction of {l=295 ± 3^o, b=+6 ± 5^o}, which coincides within the errors with the location on the sky of the barycenter of rich X-ray clusters of galaxies. The first detailed map of the distribution of peculiar velocities of galaxies in the system of cosmic background radiation was constructed, which indicates that the distribution of dark matter in the Local Universe in general repeats the apparent distribution of galaxies in the sky.

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