G34.7−0.4     W44, 3C392

• Right Ascension: 18 56 00
• Declination: +01 22
• Size (/arcmin): 35×27
• Type: C
• Flux density at 1 GHz (/Jy): 250
• Spectral Index: 0.37

Notes: Has been called G34.6−0.5.

Radio: Distorted shell, brighter to the E, with pulsar and associated nebula.

Optical: Diffuse emission.

X-ray: Centrally concentrated, thermal spectrum, plus pulsar wind nebula.

Point sources: Pulsar within the boundary of the remnant.

Distance: HI absorption indicates 2.8 kpc.

References:

• Kundu & Velusamy 1972, A&A, 20, 237. NRAO 140-ft at 10.7 GHz (3': S=105±7 Jy). ADS
• Velusamy & Kundu 1974, A&A, 32, 375. NRAO 300-ft at 2.7 GHz (5': S=177±10 Jy). ADS
• Caswell et al. 1975, A&A, 45, 239. HI absorption. ADS
• Clark et al. 1975, AuJPA, 37, 75. Molonglo at 408 MHz (3': S=299 Jy). ADS
• Dickel & DeNoyer 1975, AJ, 80, 437. Arecibo S_430 MHz=540±187 Jy. ADS
• Dickel & Milne 1976, AuJPh, 29, 435. Comparison of earlier Parkes 64-m maps at 2.7 GHz (8'.4) and 5 GHz (4'.4). ADS
• Altenhoff et al. 1979, A&AS, 35, 23. Effelsberg 100-m at 4.9 GHz (2'.6). ADS
• Smith et al. 1985, MNRAS, 217, 99. Einstein observations. ADS
• Wolszczan et al. 1991, ApJ, 372, L99. Pulsar detection. ADS
• Kassim 1992, AJ, 103, 943. VLA at 327 MHz (3'.6×3'.8: S=469 Jy). ADS
• Jones et al. 1993, MNRAS, 265, 631. VLA at 1.4 GHz (15''), plus X-ray spectra. ADS
• Rho et al. 1994, ApJ, 430, 757. Optical and ROSAT observations. ADS
• Koo & Heiles 1995, ApJ, 442, 679. HI of surrounding shell. ADS
• Esposito et al. 1996, ApJ, 461, 820. Possible associated γ-ray emission. ADS
• Harrus et al. 1996, ApJ, 464, L161. ASCA observations. ADS
• Frail et al. 1996, ApJ, 464, L165. VLA at 1.5 and 8.4 GHz (8".9×7".8) of pulsar nebula. ADS
• Frail et al. 1996, AJ, 111, 1651. OH maser emission. ADS
• Biggs & Lyne 1996, MNRAS, 282, 691. Pulsar search. ADS
• Reach & Rho 1996, A&A, 315, L277. ISO spectroscopy. ADS
• Harrus et al. 1997, ApJ, 488, 781. X-ray observations. ADS
• Claussen et al. 1997, ApJ, 489, 143. VLA of associated OH masers. ADS
• Giacani et al. 1997, AJ, 113, 1379. VLA at 1.4 GHz (15''), plus optical images. ADS
• Seta et al. 1998, ApJ, 505, 286. CO observations of surroundings. ADS
• Cox et al. 1999, ApJ, 524, 179. Revision of distance. ADS
• Reach & Rho 2000, ApJ, 544, 843. ISO observations of interactions with surroundings. ADS
   also see: Reach & Rho 2001, ApJ, 558, 943. Erratum. ADS
• Roberts et al. 2001, ApJS, 133, 451. ASCA observations. ADS
• Petre et al. 2002, ApJ, 579, 404. Chandra observations of pulsar and wind nebula. ADS
• Mavromatakis et al. 2003, A&A, 405, 591. Optical observations. ADS
• Shelton et al. 2004, ApJ, 611, 906. Chandra observations of part. ADS
• Reach et al. 2005, ApJ, 618, 297. Molecular line and near-IR observations. ADS
• Hoffman et al. 2005, ApJ, 627, 803. Observations of OH masers. ADS
• Kawasaki et al. 2005, ApJ, 631, 935. ASCA observations. ADS
• Reach et al. 2006, AJ, 131, 1479. Spitzer observations. ADS
• Neufeld et al. 2007, ApJ, 664, 890. Spitzer observations. ADS
• Castelletti et al. 2007, A&A, 471, 537. VLA at 74 MHz (36''×39'': S=634±70 Jy) and 324 MHz (13'': S=411±50 Jy). ADS
• Hewitt et al. 2008, ApJ, 683, 189. GBT at 1.6 and 1.7 GHz for OH masers. ADS
• Abdo et al. 2010, Science, 327, 1103. Fermi observations. ADS
• Yuan & Neufeld 2011, ApJ, 726, 76. Spitzer observations. ADS
• Sun et al. 2011, A&A, 536, A83. Urumqi 25-m at 5 GHz (9'.5: S=118±6 Jy) including polarisation and review of flux densities. ADS
• Giuliani et al. 2011, ApJ, 742, L30. γ-ray observations. ADS
• Uchiyama et al. 2012, ApJ, 749, L35. Fermi observations. ADS
• Uchida et al. 2012, PASJ, 64, 141. Suzaku observations. ADS
• Ackermann et al. 2013, Science, 339, 807. Fermi observations. ADS
• Yoshiike et al. 2013, ApJ, 768, 179. CO and HI observations of region. ADS
• Sashida et al. 2013, ApJ, 774, 10. HCO⁺ and CO observations of region. ADS
• Park et al. 2013, ApJ, 777, 14. Arecibo HI observations of region. ADS

Last updated: 30 May 2014