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Combining SPHERE and ALMA to reveal the properties of planets in transitional discs

Maria de Juan Ovelar M. Min, C. Dominik, C. Thalmann, P. Pinilla, M. Benisty and T. Birnstiel
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April 2014

Exoplanet uk community meeting


Introduction
Transitional discs!

Localised depletion of material in the disc. Depletion mechanisms:! 1. Grain growth (e.g. Dullemond & Dominik 2005, Birnstiel et al. 2012)! 2. Photoevaporation (e.g. Alexander & Armitage 2007, Owen & Clarke 2012, Clarke & Owen 2013,
Rosotti et al. 2013)!

3. Interaction with one or more (forming) planets (e.g. Rice et al. 2003, Ireland & Kraus 2008)!
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Introduction
Depletion detected through!
· · SED! Imaging: ! interferometry (IR/submm/mm...)! infrared !

Credit: T. Birnstiel!

TW Hydrae! Andrews et al. 2011!
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Credit: Hubble! NICMOS!


Introduction
The "missing" cavities
H-band PI (1.6 µm)! Small grains (~ µm)! (e.g. Follette et al. 2013)!

Andrews et al. 2011!

880 µm! Big grains (~mm)!

different radial distribution of big and small dust grains!
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sphere + alma
"Dust Traps" (Pinilla et al. 2012b)!

GAS!

DUST!

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dust traps
SPHERE-ZIMPOL (R-band)! HiCIAO (H-band)! ALMA (Band 7)!

Images at different wavelengths show different structures !

R-band: 0.65 m! H-band: 1.6 m! Band 7: 850 m!

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sphere + alma
Large particles are trapped in the bump small particles drift towards inner disc. ! Mass of planet sets the size threshold!
Planet!

Relative position of small and big grains traces the mass of the planet!

de Juan Ovelar et al. 2013!
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sphere + alma
Rp= 20 AU! SPHERE-ZIMPOL Rp= 40 AU! Rp= 60 AU!

images!
ALMA contours!

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sphere + alma
Rp= 20 AU! Rp= 40 AU! Rp= 60 AU!

Ratio between radial position of walls of big and small dust grains! PLANET MASS ESTIMATOR!

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Conclusions
1. The filtering/trapping mechanism triggered by a companion can very well explain the different distributions of dust grains according to their size! 2. Combination of ALMA and SPHERE polarimetric observations at sub-mm and visible wavelengths can tightly constrain mass and separation of "unseen" planet. ! 3. Multi-wavelength imaging is key to understand current observations of transitional discs!

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Thank you!

Cambridge, 15

th

April 2014

Exoplanet uk community meeting