IZMIRAN - Laboratory for ionosphere discontinuity investigation: The experimental base of the investigations

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Laboratory for Physics and modeling of the ionosphere: The experimental base of the investigations

The experimental base of the investigations is the topside sounding data obtained on board of the Intercosmos-19 and Cosmos-1809 satellites. The Intercosmos-19 satellite was active during the high solar activity period from March 1979 to February 1981. It carried on board the following scientific payload: satellite ionospheric station for radio sounding of ionosphere (IS-338) and apparatus for the measurements of low-frequency electromagnetic field (VLF-2ME), electric component of high-frequency field (AHF-2K), electron temperature (KM-3), and spectrometer of photoelectrons (SF3-M). The Intercosmos-19 characteristics are given in the Table.

Parameter	Интеркосмос-19	Космос-1809
Period of active processing	from February, 1979 till February, 1981	from February, 1986 till December, 1990
Orbit Heights	500-1000 km	~1000 km
Orbit Inclination	74°	80°
Period between sounding	8 s, 16 s, 32 s, 64 s	16 s, 32 s
Duration of one telemetric data record	~15 m, 1 h, 2 h, 17 h	1 h, 2 h

The Cosmos-1809 satellite was launched on December 18, 1986 and failed on May 23, 1993. The scientific apparatus consisted of topside radiosound (IS-338) and set of the instruments for the measurements of the local parameters of the space plasma: low-frequency electromagnetic field (VLF-2ME), quasistationary electric field (DCEF), electric component of high-frequency field (AHF-2K), electron density and its irregularities (inhomogeneities) (IZ-2), electron temperature (KM-9), mass-spectrometer (NAM-4) and spectrometer of photoelectrons (SF-EM).

The N(h)-profiles of the electron density in the topside ionosphere were calculated from the ionograms obtained by means of IS-338. The example of such ionogram obtained on board of the Intercosmos-19 on November 28, 1979 is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Ionogram obtained from topside sounding onboard Intercosmos-19

Figure 2. N(h)-profile of the mid-latitude ionosphere

The N(h)-profile of the topside ionosphere calculated from this ionogram is shown in Figure 2. It is a typical profile for the daytime mid-latitude ionosphere for high solar activity.