The International Olympiad of Euro-Asian Astronomical Society

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The International Olympiad of Euro-Asian Astronomical Society Euro-Asian Astronomical Society

The First (Experimental)
International Astronomy Olympiad

The First (Experimental) International Astronomy Olympiad was carried out by Euro-Asian Astronomical Society and took place at the Special Astrophysical Observatory of Russian Academy of Sciences (SAO RAS) in North Caucasus on November 1-8, 1996. Pupils representing five nationalities in Russia (winners of all-Russian national olympiad) and Swedish-Finnish team from Stockholm participated. Contacts with several more countries had been taken, but it was impossible to find financial support for participants from these this year.

Professional astronomers were involved into the composition of exercises on astronomy and their checking. Olympiad consised of three separate tours. Exercises included tasks and questions on different branches of astronomy and astrophysics which are quite availible for schoolchildren. According to the Statutes the competitors were divided in two age groups: grades 8-10 and grades 11-12.

The following olympic problems were proposed for the participants on the theoretical part:
Grades 8-10

1. Why is it sometimes better to use a small telescope in orbit around the Earth than it is to use a large telescope on a mountain top?

2. A thick black fly has dotten onto the object lens of a 5 cm telescope. What will an observer looking to the Moon through the telescope see?

3. Explain why we see more meteors from midnight to dawn than from evening to midnight.

4. The 12 Zodiacal signs are equally extended on the ecliptic. In which of them does the Sun lie in for the shortest period?

5. On 1 cm² of Pluto's surface fall approximately 10,000 photons per second from a star of the fifth magnitude. How many photons would fall on a detector from a star of 20^m during half an hour, if BTA at the Earth is used (the diameter of the main mirror is 6 m)?

6. The sun has a parallax of p_s = 8".8, and a star with the same absolute brightness - p_* = 0".022. Is it possible to observe the star at night sky visually?

7. The moon set in St.Petersburg (60њ North, 30њ East) yesterday just at midnight. In what region of the Earth will there be an opportunity to observe a total solar eclipse sometime next week?

8. A spaceship landed on an asteroid 2.2 km in diameter with an average density of 2.2 g/cm³. The asteroid is slowly rotating. The cosmonauts decided to travel along the equator of the asteroid in a rover in 2.2 hours. Will it be possible for them to do such a thing? If the answer is negative, why? If the answer is positive, what do they take into account?
Grades 11-12

1. Why might some stars appear double in blue light through they could not be resolved in red light?

2. Why can radio astronomers observe during the day, whereas optical astronomers are (for the most part) limited to nighttime observing?

3. Why is it better for some purposes to use a medium size telescope on a mountain instead of a telescope on a spaceship at low orbit near the Earth?

4. What are the reasons why the Hubble Space Telescope is able to observe fainter objects than we can study from the ground?

5. The moon set in St.Petersburg (60њ North, 30њ East) yesterday just at midnight. In what region of the Earth will there be an opportunity to observe a total solar eclipse sometime next week?

6. Altair (a Aquila) has a parallax of p = 0".198, proper motion m = 0".658/year, radial velocity V_r = -26 km/s and visible brightness m = 0^m.89. When and what would be the minimum distance of Altair to the Sun? Also find the brightness of Altair at that point.

7. Recently the Ten-meter Keck telescope began to operate on Mauna Kea (Hawaii), where the diameter of stellar images may be as small as 0".3. Can you evaluate the limiting stellar magnitude for visual observation with this telescope?

On the practical part problems were the following:
Grades 8-12

Paper with a drown circle and table of maximal elongations of Mercury and Venus had been done for participants.
1. The figure show a circle, that is the orbit of Earth. By using data from the table, draw orbits of Mercury and Venus.
2. Estimate radii of the orbits (in a.u.).

Table: Greatest Elongations of Mercury and Venus.

Mercury: 1989-1990 Venus: 1983-1990

Date East West Date East West

8 Jan 89 19њ 15 Jun 83 45њ

18 Feb 89 26њ 4 Nov 83 47њ

30 Apr 89 21њ 21 Jan 85 47њ

18 Jun 89 23њ 12 Jun 85 46њ

28 Aug 89 27њ 26 Aug 86 46њ

10 Oct 89 18њ 15 Jan 87 47њ

22 Dec 89 20њ 2 Apr 88 46њ

1 Feb 90 25њ 22 Aug 88 46њ

13 Apr 90 20њ 8 Nov 89 47њ

31 May 90 25њ 30 Mar 90 46њ

11 Aug 90 27њ

24 Sep 90 18њ

5 Dec 90 21њ

As for observational part, its problem was non-competitional:
Grades 8-12

1. At what time did you see Venus on Saturday, November 2, 1996...
2. ... and at what angular distance from the Sun?
Text of all these problems is available in Russian too.

In immediate connection to the competitions, an autumn school for astrophysics took place at SAO. The lectures were mostly in Russian but they were translated into English by interpreters. Activities included excursions to the lagest in Euro-Asia 6-m BTA telescope and the largest in the world radio telescope RATAN-600 during observations. The students also had the opportunity to expose plates with the Kazan' University 40 cm telescope, with the kind assistance of an astronomer whenever needed. They could borrow strong binoculars and amateur telescopes.

The Olympiads and the autumn schools were a very great experience for the students. The next Olympiad is already being planned and proposally to be preceded by national competitions in the participating countries.

Those who are interested to get further information about these activities are welcome to contact organizers in English or Russian.

Winners of the First (Experimental) International Astronomy Olympiad:
I prize:
Chilingarian Igor (Moscow)
Tuntsov Artiom (Moscow)
Yevdokimov Nikolai (Moscow)
Zhuravlyov Vyacheslav (Moscow)
II prize:
Andersson Andreas (Stockholm, Sweden)
Bondar Valentin (Kirov reg., Russia)
Mazunin Serge (St.Petersburg, Russia)
Podnebesov Alexey (Orenburg, Russia)
Pudeyev Andry (Nizhnij Novgorod, Russia)
III prize:
Ahlqvist Erika (Stockholm, Sweden)
Karjalainen Eeva-Liisa (Stockholm, Sweden)
Pavliuchenko Serge (Ukhta, Russia)
Shakhvorostova Nadezhda (Krasnodar, Russia)

International Astronomy Olympiad Home Page
Russian page (Win 1251)

To The International Science Olympiads

1996: Biology, Chemistry, Informatics, Mathematics, Physics
Back to Moscow-Regional Branch of M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University

Mercury: 1989-1990			Venus: 1983-1990
Date	East	West	Date	East	West
8 Jan 89	19њ		15 Jun 83	45њ
18 Feb 89		26њ	4 Nov 83		47њ
30 Apr 89	21њ		21 Jan 85	47њ
18 Jun 89		23њ	12 Jun 85		46њ
28 Aug 89	27њ		26 Aug 86	46њ
10 Oct 89		18њ	15 Jan 87		47њ
22 Dec 89	20њ		2 Apr 88	46њ
1 Feb 90		25њ	22 Aug 88		46њ
13 Apr 90	20њ		8 Nov 89	47њ
31 May 90		25њ	30 Mar 90		46њ
11 Aug 90	27њ
24 Sep 90		18њ
5 Dec 90	21њ