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Z. Malkin's Acronym Collection(English part)Russian acronyms |
This collection contains about 7200 acronyms and abbreviations caught in books, newspapers, magazines, journals, technical documentation, and at Web pages I have read. No plagiarism! No made-up!
Some other acronym finders:
Acronym Geek
AcronymFinder
Acronym Attic
Abbreviations.com
Allacronyms.com
Free Online Dictionary
NASA Astrophysics Data System (bibliographic codes and journal abbreviations)
| * A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
To
the
top
# number
' foot
' minute
" inch
" arcsecond
º degree
& and
@ at
ΔVLBI Differential VLBI
ΔDOR Delta-Differenced One-way Range
+ve positive
-ve negative
1AXG First ASCA X-Ray Gas Imaging Spectrometer sources
1D One-Dimensional
1ES EINSTEIN Slew Survey Source Catalogue
1WGA First White+Giommi+Angelini ROSAT X-Ray sources list
2 to
2 too
21CMA 21 CentiMeter Array
24/7 24 hours / 7 days per week
2D Two-Dimensional
2dF 2 Degree Field system
2dFGRS 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey
2L8 Too Late
2MASS Two-Micron All-Sky Survey
2MASSi 2 Micron All Sky Survey point sources - Incremental release
2MASX 2 Micron All Sky Survey eXtended
2MRS 2MASS Redshift Survey
2SLAQ 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO
4MASS 4-meter All-Sky Survey (now VLSS)
3C Third Cambridge Catalog of Radio Sources
3D Three-Dimensional
3G The Third Generation
3W WWW
4 for
4C Fourth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
4D Four-Dimensional
4get forget
4WD Four-Wheel Drive
6C Sixth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
6dF 6 degree Field survey
7C Seventh Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
87GB 1987 Green Bank Radio Survey
8C Eighth Cambridge Survey of Radio Sources
ΛCDM Lambda Cold Dark Matter
Ω Ohm
A Acting
a. Adjective
A Airbas (airplane)
A Ampere
a annual
A. Answer
A Apple
A Assist (sport)
A. Associate
a year (Lat. annum)
AA Assistant Administrator
A&A Astronomy and Astrophysics (journal)
AAB Automatic Answerback
AAAI American Association of Artificial Intelligence
AAAS American Association for the Advancement of Science
A&AS Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series (journal)
AAC Associate Analysis Center
AAGS American Association of Geodetic Surveying
AAL American AirLines
AAM American Association of Mathematicians
AAM Atmospheric Angular Momentum
AAO Anglo-Australian Observatory, Epping, NSW, Australia
AAOUC AAO Users' Committee
AAOEPP Anglo-Australian Observatory, Epping, NSW, Australia
AAP Academy of American Poets
AAPT American Association of Physics Teachers
AAS American Astronautical Society
AAS American Astronomical Society
AAS Austrian Academy of Sciences
AASTA Alliance for the Advancement of Science Through Astronomy
AAT Anglo-Australian Telescope, AAO, Australia
AATSR Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer
AAUP American Association of University Professors
AAVSO American Association of Variable Star Observers
AAUW American Association of University Women
ab. about
AB Astrometric Binary
ABAS Aircraft Based Augmentation System
ABBA Agnetha, Bjorn, Benny, Anni-Frid
ABC Alphabet
ABC American Broadcasting Company, USA
ABC Astrometric Binary Catalog
ABCS Advanced Business Communications via Satellite
ABEND Abnormal End
Abp. Archbishop
ABR Available Bit Rate
abs. absolute
abt. about
a/c Account
A.C. After Christ
AC Air Conditioning (Conditioner)
AC Alternating Current
AC Analysis Center
AC Analysis Coordinator
AC Application Center
A.C. Assistant Commissioner
AC Astrographic Catalog
AC Astronomical Council, Moscow, Russia
AC before Christ (Lat. ante Christum)
a.c. before meals (Lat. ante cibum)
AC3 Audio Coding 3
ACA Atacama Compact Array
ACA Australian Communications Authority
acc. accepted
ACC IGS Analysis Center Coordinator
ACC Antarctic Circumpolar Current (meteorology)
ACCU Association of C and C++ Users
ACE Active Computing Elements
ACE Altimeter Corrected Elevations DEM
ACES Advanced Computing in Environmental Science
ACES Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space
ACF Autocorrelation Function
ACFC Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants conference
ACFC Atomic clocks and Fundamental Constants conference
ACHA Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis (journal)
ACI Airports Council International
ACIAAT Advisory Committee for Instrumentation on the AAT
ACK Acknowledgment
ACL Association for Computer Linguistic, USA
ACLV American Civil Liberties Union
ACM Association for Computing Machinery, USA
ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (journal)
ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
ACRIM Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor
ACRS Astrographic Catalog Reference Stars
ACS Active Control System
ACS Advanced Camera for Surveys (HST)
ACSG Association Canadienne des Sciences Géomatiques
ACSI American Customer Satisfaction Index
ACSIS DRAO Auto-Correlation Spectrometer and Imaging System
ACSnet Australian Computer Science Network
ACT Application Compatibility Toolkit
ACT Atacama Cosmology Telescope
ACT Australian Capital Territory
ACTA Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement
ACTS NIST Automated Computer Time Service, USA
ACU Antenna Control Unit
ACU Asian Currency Unit
ACV Austria Center Vienna
AD Advance Development
AD Analogous-to-Digital
AD Andorra (ISO code)
A.D. of the Christian era (Lat. Anno Domini)
ADAHELI ADvanced Astronomy for HELIophysics
ADASS Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems
ADB African Development Bank
ADC Analogous-to-Digital Converter
ADC NSSDC Astronomical Data Center
add. addition, additional
ADDP Antarctic Digital Database Project
ADeLA Dynamical Astronomy in Latin America (Hisp. Astronomía Dinámica en Latino América)
ADEOS ADvanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADvanced Earth Observation Satellite)
ADEV Allan Deviation
ADF Automatic Document Feed
ADHOC Analyse et Depouillement Homogene des Observations Cigale
ADIL Astronomy Digital Image Library
ADIS Automated Data Interchange System
adj. Adjective
ADO ActiveX Data Objects
ADPS Asiago Database on Photometric Systems
ADPS Automatic Data Processing System
ADQL Astronomical Data Query Language
ADRG ARC (Arc-second Raster Chart/map) Digitized Raster Graphics
ADS Aitken's Double Star catalog
ADS NASA Astrophysics Data System
ADSC Adobe Document Structuring Conventions
ADSL Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)
ADU Analog/Digital Unit
Adv. Advanced
Adv. Advances
adv. Adverb
AdvSR Advances in Space Research (journal)
AE United Arab Emirates (ISO code)
AEC Automatic Exposure Control
AECL Atomic Energy Canada Ltd.
AEI Albert Einstein Institute, Hannover, Germany
AEOS Advanced Electro Optical System
AEOS Automated Empirical Optimization of Software
AER Atmospheric and Environmental Research, USA
AES Advanced Engineering Services Co., Ltd, Japan
AES Artificial Earth Satellite
AEST Australian East Standard Time (UTC + 10h)
a.e.t. after extra time (sport)
AF Afghanistan (ISO code)
AF Ambiguity Function
AF Audio Frequency
AFAIK As Far As I Know
AFB Air Force Base
AFC Amplitude-Frequency Characteristic
AFCRL Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories
AFGL Air Force Geophysics Laboratory
AFIT Air Force Institute of Technology, USA
AFL Academic Free License
AFMC U.S. Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center
AFPL Aladdin Free Public License
AFREF African Geodetic Reference Frame (African Continental Reference System)
AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory, USA
AFSC Alaska Fisheries Science Center, USA
AFSPC U.S. Air Force Space Command
AFTN Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network
AFV America's Funniest Video
AG Antigua and Barbuda (ISO code)
AG German Astronomical Society (Ger. Astronomischer Gesellschaft), Germany
AGB Asymptotic Giant Branch
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AGCM Atmospheric General Circulation Model
AGCM Atmospheric Global Circulation Model
AGD Australian Geodetic Datum
AGGO Argentinean-German Geodetic Observatory
AGILE Astrorivelatore Gamma ad Immagini LEggero (ASI)
AGIS Astrometric Global Iterative Solution (Gaia)
AGK Astronomischer Gesellschaft Katalog
AGK2A 2 Astronomischer Gesellschaft Katalog, Anhaltsterne
AGK3R 2 Astronomischer Gesellschaft Katalog, Reference stars
AGL Above Ground Level
AGN Active Galactic Nuclei
AGNES Automated GPS NEtwork of Switzerland
A-GNSS Assisted GNSS
AGP Accelerated Graphics Port
AGREES African GPS Receivers for Equatorial Electrodynamics Studies
AGREF Austrian GPS Reference network
AGS African Geospace Society
AGTA Adrian Gill Travel Award
AGU American Geophysical Union
AGD Australian Height Datum
AGSO Australian Geological Survey Organization
AGW Anthropogenic Global Warming
Ah Ampere-hour
AHD American Heritage Dictionary
AHSME American High School Mathematics Examination
AHUVA Advanced Hi-resolution Ultra Violet Astronomy satellite (TAUVEX project)
AI Action Item
AI Additional Information
AI Anguilla (ISO code)
AIAA American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
AIC Akaike information criterion
AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIfA Argelander Institute for Astronomy (Ger. Argelander-Institut für Astronomie), Bonn University
AIG American International Group, Inc.
AIGO Australian International Gravitational Observatory, Gingin
AIM NASA Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere spacecraft
AIME American Invitational Mathematics Examination
AIN Arab Institute of Navigation
AION Australian Institute of Navigation
AIP American Institute of Physics
AIP Astrophysical Institute Potsdam (Ger. Astrophysikalisches Institut Potsdam)
AIPS Astronomical Information (Image) Processing System
AIRES AIRshower Extended Simulations
AIRS Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder
AIRSAR Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
AIS Automatic Identification System
AIST NASA ESE Advanced Information Systems Technology
AIST National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (formerly Agency of Industrial Science and Technology), Japan
AIUB Astronomical Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland
AIV All-In-View
AIV Assembly, Integration and Verification (EGNOS)
AJ Anti-Jamming
AJ Astronomical Journal
AJHSME American Junior High School Mathematics Examination (now AMC 8)
AK Alaska
aka also known as
AKDA Alaska Deformation Array
AKDT U.S. Alaska Daylight Time (UTC - 8h)
AKST U.S. Alaska Standard Time (UTC - 9h)
AL Alabama
AL Albania (ISO code)
Ala. Alabama
ALA American Library Association
Alas. Alaska
ALFA Arecibo L-band Feed Array
ALFOSC Andalucia Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (NOT)
ALG Application Layer Gateway
ALGOL ALGOrithmic Language (ALGorithm-Oriented Language)
ALICE A Large Ion Collider Experiment, LHC
ALICE Connecting Latin America with Europe (Sp. America Latina Interconectada Con Europa)
ALMA Atacama Large Millimeter Array, Chile
ALO Astronomical Latitude Observatory, Poznan, Poland
ALOS Advanced Land Observing Satellite
ALPO Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers
ALSEP Apollo Lunar Surface Experiment Package
AltBOC Alternative BOC signal
Aly. Alley
a.m. before noon (Lat. ante meridiem)
Am. American
AM Armenia (ISO code)
AM Amplitude Modulation
AMATYC American Mathematical Association of Two-Year Colleges, USA
AMC USNO Alternate Master Clock
AMC American Mathematics Competitions
AMCS Antenna Multipath Calibration System
AMD Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Amer. American
AMIBA American Independent Business Alliance
AMiBA Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy, Taiwan
AMIP Atmospheric Model Inter-comparison Project
AMMA African Monsoon and Multidisciplinary Analyses
AMO Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
AMOC Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
AMOS Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society
AMPLE Adaptable Minor Planet Ephemerides
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System
AMS American Mathematical Society
AMS American Meteorological Society
AMSA Australian Maritime Safety Authority
AMSAT Amateur Satellite
AMSL Above Mean Sea Level
AMSR Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer
AMT Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (journal)
AMT AudioMagnetoTelluric
AN NASA Announcement
AN Astronomische Nachrichten (journal)
AN Netherlands Antilles (ISO code)
Anal. Analysis
And Andromeda (constellation)
ANDE Atmospheric Neutral Density Experiment
ANDROMEDE Association Nouvelle pour la Diffusion de la Recherche a l'Observatoire de Marseille Et le Development des Expositions, Marseille, France
ANFIS Adaptive Network based Fuzzy Inference System
ANGEL Airborne Navigation and Gravimetry Ensemble & Laboratory
ANGIS Australian National Geoscientific Information System
ANITA Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna
Ann. Annual
ANN Artificial Neural Networks
ANOVA ANalysis Of VAriance
ANS Australian National Spheroid
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ANSS Advanced National Seismic System, USA
ANT Advanced Navigation Technology center, AFIT
Ant Antlia (constellation)
ANU Australian National University
ANUSat ANna University microSatellite
ANZAC Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
ANZAC Australian - New Zealand - Antarctic VLBI Network
ANZLIC Australia New Zealand Land Information Council
AO Adaptive Optics
AO Angola (ISO code)
AO Announcement of Opportunity
AO Arecibo Observatory
AOA Allen Osborne Associates, Inc., USA
AOB Any Other Business
AOC NRAO VLBA Array Operations Center, Socorro, NM, USA
AOGS Asia Oceania Geosciences Society
AOK Absolutely OK (absolutely fine)
AOL America OnLine
AOPC Atmospheric Observation Panel for Climate
AOR-E Atlantic Ocean Region-East INMARSAT satellite
AOS Acquisition Of Signal
AOS Astrogeodynamical Observatory of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Borowiec, Poland
AOSC Attitude & Orbit Control Subsystem
AOV Asia-Oceania VLBI Group for Geodesy and Astrometry
AP Accumulation Period (correlator)
AP Associated Press
Ap. Astrophysics
APAN Asia-Pacific Advanced Network
APANL Asia-Pacific Arc Natural. Laboratory
APANPIRG Asia-Pacific Air Navigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group
APASS AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey
APC American Power Conversion
APC Angle Physical Contact
APC Article Processing Charge
APD Avalanche Photo Diode
APDB IMCCE Astrometric Planetary data Base
APEX Atacama Pathfinder Experiment
API Application Program(ming) Interface
APIC Absolute Position Interfero-Coronagraph
ApJ Astrophysical Journal
ApJL Astrophysical Journal Letters
ApJS Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
APKIM Actual Plate KInematic Model
APL A Programming Language
APL Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
APM Automated Photographic Measuring (Automatic Plate Measuring) machine, Cambridge, UK
APMUKS Automated Plate Measurement United Kingdom Schmidt
APNIC Asia Pacific Network Information Center, Australia
APOGEE Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
APOLLO Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operations, Sunspot, NM, USA
App Application
ApPEC Astroparticle Physics European Coordination
Appl. Applied
APPS Advanced Precise Positioning System, Japan
APR Annual Percentage Rate
Apr April
APREF Asia Pacific Regional Reference Frame
APRGP Asia-Pacific Regional Geodetic Project
APRIM Asian-Pacific Regional IAU Meeting
APS American Physical Society
Aps Apus (constellation)
APSG Asia-Pacific Space Geodynamics Program (formerly Project)
Ap&SS Astrophysics and Space Science
Apt. Airport
apt. apartment
APT Asia Pacific Telecommunity
APT Asia Pacific Telescope
APT Automatically Programmed Tool
APY Annual Percentage Yield
AQ Antarctica (ISO code)
Aql Aquila (constellation)
Aqr Aquarius (constellation)
AR Annual Report
AR Argentina (ISO code)
AR Arkansas
AR Autoregression
ARA American Relief Administration
Ara Ara (constellation)
ARC NASA Ames Research Center, Moffet Field, CA, USA
ARC Arc-second Raster Chart/map
ARC Astrophysical Research Consortium, Inc., USA
ARC Australian Research Council
ArcOD Arctic Ocean Biodiversity
ARDF Amateur Radio Direction Finding
ARELAS Arequipa Laser Station, Peru
AREPS Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences (journal)
ARFIMA AutoRegressive Fractional Integrated Moving Average
ARG Astrophysics Research Group, University of Antwerpen, Belgium
ARGB Alpha-Red-Green-Blue
argc argument count
ARGN Australian Regional GPS Network
ARGO-YBJ Astrophysical Radiation with Ground-based Observatory at YangBaJing, Tibet, China
argv Argument Vector
ARI Academic Research Infrastructure
Ari Aries (constellation)
ARI Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Heidelberg, Germany
ARIES Astronomical Radio Interferometric Earth Surveying program
ARIMA AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average
ARISE Advanced Radio Interferometry between Space and Earth (JPL)
Ariz. Arizona
Ark. Arkansas
ARL Association of Research Libraries
ARM NASA Asteroid Redirect Mission
ARMA AutoRegressive Moving Average
ARNS Aeronautical Radio Navigation Services
ARO After Receipt of Order
ARO Algonquin Radio Observatory, Canada
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
ARP Antenna Reference Point
ARPAnet Advanced Research Projects Agency network
ARPL ICTP Aeronomy and Radiopropagation Laboratory
ARS American Rocket Society
ARTEMIS ESA Advanced Relay and TEchnology MISsion
ARTK Advanced Real Time Kinematics
ARTUS Advanced Receiver Terminal for User Services
AS American Samoa (ISO code)
AS Anti-Spoofing
AsA Astronomical Almanac
ASA Astronomical Society of Australia
asap as soon as possible
ASAR Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar
ASAS Advanced Solid-state Array Spectrometer
ASAS All Sky Automated Survey
ASC Amateur Star Catalog
ASC LPI Astro Space Center, Moscow, Russia
ASCA Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASKAP Australian SKA Pathfinder
ASCL Astrophysics Source Code Library
ASCR Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
ASD Aerospace & Defence Network
ASD Allan Standard Deviation
ASDD Australian Spatial Data Directory
ASDI All-Sky Doppler Interferometer (Haystack observatory)
ASDI Australian Spatial Data Infrastructure
ASDS Astronomical Software & Documentation Service
ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations (Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam)
ASF Assignable Square Feet
ASI Italian Space Agency (It. Agenzia Spaziale Italiana), Italy
ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuits
ASIAA Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Taiwan
ASK Amplitude Shift Key modulation
ASKAP Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
ASL Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory
ASLO American Society of Limnology and Oceanography
ASM Astronomical Society of Melbourne
ASNSW Astronomical Society of New South Wales
aso and so on
ASP Active Server Pages
ASP Association of Shareware Professionals
ASP Astronomical Society of the Pacific
ASPERA AStroParticle ERAnet
ASPRS American Society for Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, Bethesda, MD, USA
ASQ Airport Service Quality
ASR Advances in Space Research (journal)
ASRS NASA Aviation Safety Reporting System
ASS Acta Seismologica Sinica (journal)
ASST Average Sea Surface Temperature
AST U.S. Atlantic Standard Time (UTC - 4h)
ASTE Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment
ASTEC Australian Science and Technology Council
ASTER Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer
ASTEX ASTeroid EXplorer
ASTROD Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices
AstL Astronomy Letters (journal)
Astr. Astronomical
ASTRA ASTrometry and phase-Referencing Astronomy
ASTRA Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions (journal)
ASTRO-H the same as NeXT (JAXA/NASA)
Astron. Astronomical
Astron. Astronomy
Astrophys. Astrophysical
Astrophys. Astrophysics
ASU Arizona State University, AZ, USA
ASV Astronomical Society of Victoria
AT Atomic Time
AT Australia Telescope project
AT Austria (ISO code)
AT Automatic Transmission
AT20G Australia Telescope 20 GHz Survey
ATA Advanced Technology Attachment (the same as IDE)
ATA Allen Telescope Array
ATATS Allen Telescope Array Twenty-centimeter Survey
ATC Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA
ATCA Australia Telescope Compact Array
ATD Advanced Technical Development
ATEx Advanced Tether Experiment
ATIC Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter
ATL ActiveX Template Library
ATLAS originally: A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS
ATLAS Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software
ATLASGAL APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy
ATLAST Advanced Technology Large-Aperture Space Telescope
AT-LBA Australia Telescope - Long Baseline Array
ATM Airborne Topography Mapper
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM Automatic Teller Machine
ATMS Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (NPOESS)
ATNF Australia Telescope National Facility
ATNTS Astronomically Tuned Neogene Time Scale
ATP Association of Tennis Professionals
ATSC AlliedSignal Technical Services Corporation, Lanham, MD, USA
ATST Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (NSO)
Attn Attention
ATV Automated Transfer Vehicle
ATWS Australian Tsunami Warning System
ATX Advanced Technology eXtended
AU Astronomical Unit
AU Australia (ISO code)
Aug August
AUI Associated University, Inc., USA
Aur Auriga
AURA Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., Washington, DC, USA
AUS Army of the United States
AUSAC Arecibo Users and Scientific Advisory Committee
AUSLAS Graz Laser Station, Austria
AUSLIG Australian Surveying and Land Information Group (now GA)
Aust. Australia
AUT Auckland University of Technology, NZ
AUW Agricultural University Wroclaw, Poland
aux. auxiliary
Av. Avenue
AVAR Allan Variance
Ave. Avenue
avg. average
AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
AVIRIS Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer
AVISO Archiving, Validation and Interpretation of Satellites Oceanographic Data
AVL Automatic Vehicle Location
AVLS Automatic Vehicle Location System
AVN Adult Video News
AVN African VLBI Network
AVNIR Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer
AVOCADO A Virtual Observatory Census to Address Dwarfs Origins
AW Aruba (ISO code)
AWACS Airborne Warning And Control System, USA
AWD All-Wheel Drive
AWESOME Atmospheric Weather Education System for Observation and Modeling of Effects
AWFT Automatic Wide Field Telescope project (ROA, Spain)
AWG Analysis Working Group
AWG ESA SPC Astronomy Working Group
AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
AWH Astronomy and World Heritage
AWHI Astronomy and World Heritage Initiative
AWI Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany
awk Aho-Kernighan-Weinberger (Unix)
AWM Association for Women in Mathematics, USA
AWOL Absence Without (Official) Leave
AWOL Absent Without (Official) Leave
AWS Automatic Weather Station(s)
A-WVR Advanced Water Vapor Radiometer (JPL)
AXAF NASA Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility
AXP Anomalous X-ray Pulsar
AXTAR Advanced X-ray Timing Array
AYOK Are You OK?
AZ Arizona
AZ Azerbaijan (ISO code)
Az Azimuth
AZ-EL Azimuth-Elevation
B. Bachelor
B Bandwidth
B Besselian epoch
b billion
B Bishop (chess)
B blue
B Boing (airplane)
b. born
B2 Second Bologna Catalog of radio sources
B2B Business-to-Business
B2C Business-to-Consumer
B2G Business-to-Government
B3 Third Bologna Catalog of radio sources
B.A. Bachelor of Arts
BA Bosnia and Herzegowina (ISO code)
BA British Airways
BAA British Astronomical Association
BAARAG British Astronomical Association Radio Astronomy Group
BAAVSS British Astronomical Association Variable Star Section
BAdW Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Ger. Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften), Munich, Germany
BAE British Aerospace, Australia
BAKO Bako Surtanal, Indonesia
BAL Broad Absorption Line
B.A.N.Z.A.R. British, Australian, New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition
BAO Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
BARD Bay Area Regional Deformation GPS Network, USA
BARGN Basin and Range GPS Network, USA
BARREL Balloon Array for Radiation-belt Relativistic Electron Losses
BAS Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
BASIC Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
BAT British American Tobacco Co.
BATC Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corporation, Boulder, CO, USA
BATSE Burst And Transient Source Experiment
BAW British AirWays
BAYTAP-G Bayesian Tidal Analysis Program - Grouping Model
BB Barbados (ISO code)
BB Big Bang
BB Black Body
BBAO Black Birch Astrometric Observatory, NZ
BBC BaseBand Converter
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
bbl barrel (of petrolium or oil)
BBO Big-Bang Observer
BBRW Balser-Bania-Rood-Wilson
BBS Bulletin Board System (Bulletin Board Services)
BBXRT Broad Band X-Ray Telescope
BC Before Christ
BC Blind Copy
BC British Columbia (Canadian province)
BCC Blind Carbon Copy (e-mail)
BCC Business Computer Company
BCD Binary-Coded Decimal
BCG Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine
BCI Building Condition Index
BCIS U.S. DHS Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services
BCP Binary Control Protocol
BCRS Barycentric Celestial Reference System
BCS Binary Coded Symbols signal
BR Bedroom
BD Bangladesh (ISO code)
BD Bonner Durchmusterung
Bd. Boulevard
BDL Bureau des Longitudes, Paris Observatory, France
BdRAO Badary Radio Astronomical Observatory, Russia
BDS BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
BDT Barycentric Dynamical Time
BE Belgium (ISO code)
BE-C Beacon Explorer C satellite
BEC Bose-Einstein Condensation
BEC Business English Certificate
BEK International Commission for Global Geodesy of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Ger. Bayerische Kommission für die Internationale Erdmessung), Germany
BEP Basic Earth Parameters
BER Bit Error Rate
BeSSeL Bar and Spiral Structure Legacy survey
BEST Bering Ecosystem STudy
BeV billion electron volt
BEV (Ger. Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen), Vienna, Austria
BFEC Bendix Field Engineering Corporation, USA
BF Burkina Faso (ISO code)
BfL Federal Office of Topography (Ger. Bundesamt für Landestopographie), Wabern, Switzerland (the same as FOT, LPT, L+T)
BG Bulgaria (ISO code)
BGI International Gravity Bureau (Fr. Bureau Gravimétrique International), CNES/CRGS, Toulouse, France
BGN Brain Games Network Co., UK
BGU Ben-Gurion University, Israel
BH Bahrain (ISO code)
BH Black Hole
BI Burundi (ISO code)
BIBER Bounded Influence By standardizEd Residuals
BIC Bayesian information criterion
BIF Binary Information Files
BIFROST Baseline Inferences for Fennoscandian Rebound Observations, Sea Level, and Tectonics
BIGF British Isles GPS archive Facility, University of Nottingham, UK
BIGS Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
BIH Bureau International de l'Heure, Paris, France (now BIPM)
BIMA Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland Association, USA
BIND Berkeley Internet Name Domain
BINEX BINinary EXchange (GNSS file format)
Bing Bing Is Not Google (But It's Not Google)
biopic biographical picture (cinema)
BIOS Basic Input/Output System
BIOS Built-in Operating System
BIPM International Bureau for Weights and Measures (Fr. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures), Paris, France (formerly BIH)
BIQUE Best Invariant Quadratic Unbiased Estimator
BISAM Basic Indexed Sequential Access Method
BISNIS Business Information Service for the Newly Independent States (U.S. Department of Commerce)
BiSON Birmingham Solar-Oscillations Network
bit BInary digiT
BITnet Because It's Time Network
BJ Benin (ISO code)
BKG Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (Ger. Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie), Frankfurt, Germany (formerly IfAG)
B.L. Bachelor of Low
BLAS Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms
BLAST Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope
bldg. building
BLITS Ball Lens In The Space
BLM Bureau of Land Management
bln billion
BLRG Broad-Line Radio Galaxy
BLUE Best Linear Unbiased Estimator
Bl. Boulevard
Blvd. Boulevard
B.M. Bachelor of Medicine
BM Benchmark
BM Bermuda (ISO code)
BM Brownian Motion
BMC Boston Micromachines Corporation
BMI Body Mass Index
BMP Windows Bitmap
BMW Bayrische Motoren Werke
bn billion
BN Brunei Darussalam (ISO code)
BNC Baker-Nunn Camera
BNC BKG NTRIP Client
BNH Basic Null Hypotesis
BNP Banque Nationale de Paris
BNSC British National Space Center
BO Bolivia (ISO code)
BOC Binary Offset Carriar signal
BOCcos Cosine phased BOC modulation
BOCsin Sine phased BOC modulation
BOF Birds of a Feather (a kind of scientific meeting)
BOJ Bank Of Japan
Boo Bootes (constellation)
BOT Beginning Of Tape
BP Before Present
BP Beyond Petroleum (formerly British Petroleum)
BP British Petroleum (now Beyond Petroleum)
BPE Bernese Processing Engine
BPF Band Pass Filter
bpi bits per inch
Bpi bytes per inch
bps bits per second
Bps bytes per second
BPSK Binary Phase (BiPhase) Shift Keying
Bq becquerel
BR Boot Record
BR Brazil (ISO code)
BRD Broadcast Ephemeris
BRI Basic Rate Interface
BRIC Brazil, Russia, India, China
BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
Bros. Brothers
BRS Barycentric Reference System
B.S. Bachelor of Science
BS Bahamas (ISO code)
BS Bright Stars
BSAM Basic Sequential Access Method
B.Sc. Bachelor of Science
BSC Binary Compatibility Specification
BSC Bright Source Catalogue
BSD Berkeley Software Distribution
BSG Blue SuperGiant
bsh bushel
BSL Baltic Sea Level
BSM Borehole StrainMeter
BSS Broadcasting Satellite Services
BST British Summer Time (UTC + 1h)
BSW Bernese SoftWare
BT Bhutan (ISO code)
BTS BIH Terrestrial System
BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics, USA
BTU British Thermal Unit
btw between
BTW by the way
BUDDA BUlge/Disk Decomposition Analysis
Bull. Bulletin
bu bushel
BUTE Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
BV Bouvet Island (ISO code)
BVID Bordeaux VLBI Image Database
BVSS Bonn VLBI Software System
BW Bandwidth
b/w black and white
BW Botswana (ISO code)
BWE Becker-White-Edwards (catalog)
BWG Beam WaveGuide (radio antenna)
BWS BandWidth Synthesis
BY Belarus (ISO code)
BYOD Bring Your Own Device
BYORP Binary YORP effect
BZ Belize (ISO code)
c. approximately, about (Lat. circa)
C Cambridge
C Capacity
C Capacitance
C Celsius (Centigrade)
c century
C. Comment
C Commission
C coulomb
c cycle
C2D Click to Dial
C2D Core 2 Duo
C2D Cores to Disks (Spitzer program)
C4I Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence
ca. approximately, about (Lat. circa)
CA California
CA Canada (ISO code)
CA Coarse Acquisition
C/A Coarse Acquisition
CA Component Architecture
CACS Canadian Active Control System
CAD Computer-Aided Design
CADC Canadian Astronomy Data Center (HIA)
Cae Caelum (constellation)
CAGS Council of Astronomical and Geophysical Data Services (formerly FAGS)
Cal. Calibration
Cal. California
CALET CALorimetric Electron Telescope (JEM-EF)
Calif. California
CALIPSO Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations
CALLISTO Compound Astronomical Low-cost Low-frequency Instrument for Spectroscopy and Transportable Observatory
CALPAN California Passive Network
CALS Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics Support (image file format)
CALTECH California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
CALTRANS California Department of Transportation
Cam Camelopardalis (constellation)
CAM Computer-Aided Manufacturing
CAM Core Angular Momentum
CAMAC Computer Automated Measurement And Control
CAMC Carlsberg Automatic Meridian Circle, La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain
CAMMAC Comets, Asteroids, Meteors, Meteorites, Astroblems, Craters
CAN NASA Cooperative Agreement Notice
CANGAROO Collaboration of Australia and Nippon for a GAmma Ray Observatory in the Outback, Woomera, Australia
CAO Central Aerological Observatory, Dolgoprudny, Russia
cap. capacity
Cap. Capital
CAP Capitalized Phrase (Amazon)
Cap Capricornus (constellation)
CAPTCHA Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart
Car Carina (constellation)
CARAVAN Compact Antenna of Radio Astronomy for VLBI Adapted Network
Carb. Carbohydrate
Cas Cassiopeia (constellation)
CAS Catalog Archive Server
CAS Chinese Academy of Sciences
CAS Column Address Strobe latency
CASB STScI Catalogs and Surveys Branch
CASC Canadian Active Control System
CASE Computer-Aided Software Engineering
CASI NASA Center for AeroSpace Information
CASIS Center for the Advancement of Science in Space
CASLE Commonwealth Association for Surveying and Land Economy
CASM Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping
CAT City Airport Train
CAT Computer Assisted Translation
CAT MRAO Cosmic Anisotropy Telescope
CATREF Combination and Analysis of Terrestrial REference Frames
CATS Astrophysical CATalogs support System (Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russia)
CATS Central Asian Tectonic Sciences program
CAWSES Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth System
CAY Centro Astronomico de Yebes, Spain
CB Central Bureau
CBAT Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corp.
CBCS Composite Binary Coded Symbols
CBD EVN Consortium Board of Directors
CBI Cosmic Background Imager, Chile
CBIS IGS Central Bureau Information System
CBK Space Research Center PAN (Pol. Centrum Badan Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk), Warsaw, Poland
CBN Canadian Base Network
CBN U.S. NGS Cooperative Base Network
CBP U.S. Customs and Border Protection
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CBR Cosmic Background Radiation
CBT Congress Business Travel Ltd.
CC Carbon Copy
CC Cocos (Keeling) Islands (ISO code)
CC Compilation Catalog
CC Christian Church
cc cubic centimeter
CCAA Chinese Center for Antarctic Astronomy
CCAFS Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, FL, USA
CCAR Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, Boulder, CO, USA
CCAUV Consultative Committee for Acoustics, Ultrasound and Vibration (Fr. Comité Consultatif de l'Acoustique, des Ultrasons et des Vibrations)
CCB83 Condon-Condon-Broderick radio sources
CCC Conformal Cyclic Cosmology
CCC Correlator Control Computer
CCC Cross Correlation in a Computer (software correlator), Kashima, Japan
CCCT Computing, Communication and Control Technologies
CCD Charged (Charge) Coupled Device
CCDM Catalog of the Components of Double and Multiply Systems
CCDS Comité Consultatif pour la Definition de la Seconde
CCE Consultative Committee for Electricity (now CCEM)
CCEM Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism (Fr. Comité Consultatif d'Électricité et Magnetisme)
CCF Cross Correlation Function
CCIR International Radio Consultative Committee (Fr. Comité Consultatif International des Radiocommunications) (now ITU-R)
CCL Consultative Committee for Length (Fr. Comité Consultatif des Longueurs)
CCLRC Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils, UK
CCM Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities (Fr. Comité Consultatif pour la Masse et les grandeurs apparentées)
CCNet Cambridge Conference Network, UK
CCO Cisco Connection Online
CCP NASA Commercial Crew Program
CCP Consultative Committee for Photometry (now CCPR)
CCPR Consultative Committee for Photometry and Radiometry (Fr. Comité Consultatif de Photométrie et Radiométrie)
CCQM Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance - Metrology in Chemistry (Fr. Comité Consultatif pour la Quantité de Matière - metrologie en chimie)
CCR Corner Cube Reflector
CCRI Consultative Committee for Ionizing Radiation (Fr. Comité Consultatif des Rayonnements Ionisants)
CCRS Canada Center for Remote Sensing, NRCan, Canada
CCT Computer Compatible Tape
CCT Consultative Committee for Thermometry (Fr. Comité Consultatif de Thermométrie)
CCTF Consultative Committee for Time and Frequency (Fr. Comité Consultatif du Temps et des Frequences)
ccTLD Country Code Top-Level Domain
CCTV China Central Television
CCTV Closed Circuit Television
CCU Consultative Committee for Units (Fr. Comité Consultatif des Unités)
CD Change Directory
CD Compact Disc
CD Cordoba Durchmusterung
CDA Compact Disc Audio
CDAS Climate Data Assimilation System (Climate Data Analysis System)
CdC Map of the Sky (Fr. Carte du Ciel)
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA
CDC NOAA Climate Diagnostic Center
CDC Control Data Corp., USA
CDDIS NASA/GSFC Crustal Dynamics Data Information System
CDE Common Desktop Environment (HP)
CDF Cumulative Density Function
CDF Cumulative Distribution Function
CDM Cold Dark Matter
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CDP NASA Crustal Dynamics Project
CD-R Compact Disk Recordable
CD-RW Compact Disk Re-Writable
CDR Critical Design Review
CDS Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg, France
CDSCC Canberra Deep Space Communications Complex, Tidbinbilla, Australia
CDSLR Crustal Dynamics Satellite Laser Ranging
CDSM Chief Directorate Surveys and Mapping, South Africa
CDSWG Cool Dwarf Science Working group
CDT U.S. Central Daylight Time (UTC - 5h)
CDU Control/Display Unit
C.E. Christian Era
CEA Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique
CEAM Celestial Effective Angular Momentum
CeDAMar Census of the Diversity Abyssal Marine Life
CEDAR Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions (UCAR)
CEDAR Center of Excellence for Document Analysis and Recognition (Buffalo Univ., USA)
CEDR Center for Earth Dynamics Research, Czech Republic
CEE Centro de Estudios Espaciales, University de Chile, Chile
CEGRN Central European GPS Geodynamic Reference Network
CEI Central European Initiative
CEI Connected Element Interferometer
CEIP Microsoft Customer Experience Improvement Program
CEJG Central European Journal of Geosciences
CEJP Central European Journal of Physics
Celes. Celestial
Celest. Celestial
CELT California Extremely Large Telescope
Cen Centaurus (constellation)
CENSORS Combined EIS-NVSS Survey Of Radio Sources
CEO Celestial Ephemeris Origin
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CEO European Center for Earth Observation
CEOS Committee on Earth Observation Satellites
CEP Celestial Ephemeris Pole
Cep Cepheus (constellation)
CEPT European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
CEReS Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Japan
CERES Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System
CERES Consortium for European Research on Extragalactic Surveys
CERFACS European Center for Research and Advanced Training in Scientific Computation (Fr. Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique)
CERGA Centre d'Études et de Recherches en Géodynamique et Astrométrie (Astronomigue), France
CERGOP Central Europe (seldom European) Regional Geodynamics Project
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, (originally Fr. Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire), Switzerland
CESJ Central European Science Journals
CESR Centre d'Étude Spatiale des Rayonnements, Toulouse, France
CESRA Community of European Solar Radio Astronomers
CEST Central European Summer Time (UTC + 2h)
CET Central European Time (UTC + 1h)
Cet Cetus (constellation)
CETC China Electronics Technology Group Corporation
CETC Community Education Training Center
CETCnn nn-th (Research) Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation
CF Center of Figure
CF Central African Republic (ISO code)
cf. compare (Lat. confer)
CF Constant Factor
CFA Common Factor Analysis
CFA Confirmatory Factor Analysis
CfA Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MA, USA
CFD Constant Fraction Discriminator
CFHT Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation
CFM cubic feet per minute
CFO Chief Financial Officer
CFP Call for Papers
CFP Call for Participation
CFRP Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic
CFRS Canada-France Redshift Survey
CG Center of Gravity
CG Congo (ISO code)
CGA Color Graphics Adapter
CGCG Catalogue of Galaxies and of Clusters of Galaxies
CGFF Canadian Geodetic Fringe Fitting
CGGTTS CCTF Group on GNSS Time Transfer Standards
CG-IC China Geoinformatic Center of the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping
CGI Common Gateway Interface
CGLBI Canadian Geodetic Long Baseline Interferometry
CGM Computer Graphics Metafile
CGPA Cumulative Grade Point Average
CGPM General Conference on Weights and Measures (Fr. Conference Generale des Poids et Mesures)
CGPS Canadian Galactic Plane Survey
CGPS Continuous GPS
CGRO Compton Gamma Ray Observatory
CGS Centimeter-Gram-Second system
CGS Chinese Geophysical Society
CGS ASI Space Geodesy Center (It. Centro di Geodesia Spaziale), Matera, Italy, the same as CSG
CGSIC Civil GPS Service Interface Committee
CGSN Canadian Gravity Standardization Net
CGU Canadian Geophysical Union
CH Switzerland (ISO code)
Cha Chameleon (constellation)
CHAIN Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network
CHAIN Continuous H-alpha Imaging Network
CHAMP CHAllenging Mini-satellite Payload
CHARA Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy, Georgia State University
Chem. Chemical
Chem. Chemistry
ChEss Biogeography of Chemosynthetic Ecosytems
Chin. Chinese
CHIPS Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (University of California, Berkeley)
CHL Continental Hockey League
CHORUS Clearinghouse for the Open Research of the United States
CI Color Index
CI Confidence Interval
CI Cote d'Ivoire (ISO code)
CI Critical Infrastructure
CIA U.S. Central Intelligence Agency
CIAO Coronagraphic Imager with Adaptive Optics
CIB Cosmic Infrared Background
CIC CIGNET Information Center, Rockville, MD, USA
CICESE Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Education Superior de Encenada, Mexico
CID Card Identification Number
CID Charged (Charge) Injection Device
CID Criminal Investigation Department
CIDA Canadian International Development Agency
CIDA Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomia, Merida, Venezuela
CIDR Coherent Ionospheric Doppler Radar
CIE Commission Internationale d'Eclairage
CIF Common Intermediate Format
CIG Canadian Institute of Geomatics
CIGNET Cooperative International GPS Network
CIIR Center for Intelligent Information Retrieval
CINEOS Campo Imperatore Near Earth Object Survey
CIO Chief Information Officer
CIO International Olympic Committee (Fr. Comite International Olympique (International Olympic Committee)
CIO Commission Internationale d'Optique
CIO Conventional International Origin
CIP Celestial Intermediate Pole
CIPE Central Institute for Physics of the Earth, Germany
CIPM International Committee for Weights and Measures (Fr. Comité International des Poids et Mesures)
Cir Circinus (constellation)
CIR Corotating Interaction Region
CIRA COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere
Circ. Circular
CIRS Celestial Intermediate Reference System
CIS Commonwealth of Independent States
CIS Contact Image Sensor
CIS Conventional Inertial System
CISAS Center of Studies and Activities for Space (It. Centro Interdipartimentale di Studi e Attivita' Spaziali) of the University of Padova
CiSE Computing in Science and Engineering (journal)
CISTI Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information, Ottawa, Canada
CIT California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
cit. cited
CITES Convention On International Trade In Endangered Species
CIZA Clusters In the Zone of Avoidance
CIW Carnegie Institute of Washington, Wasington, DC, USA
CJF Caltech-Jodrell Bank Flat-spectrum
CJO Cambridge Journals Online
CK Cook Islands (ISO code)
CL Chile (ISO code)
C-L Civil-Long signal
CL Confidence Level
CL ConsumerLab.com (LLC)
C-LAR Canadian Large Adaptive Reflector
CLASS Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey
CLASS Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor
CLCS Checkout and Launch Control System, NASA
CLFST MRAO Cambridge Low-Frequency Synthesis Telescope
CLG Central Laboratory for Geodesy, Sofia, Bulgaria
CLIPS Climate Information and Prediction Services
clk clock
CLOUD Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CERN)
CLPP Central Laboratory for Parallel Processing, Bulgaria
CLS CLear Screen
CLS Collecte Localization Satellites, Ramonville Cedex, France
CLS Common Language Specification
CLX Component Library for Cross Platforms
CM Cameroon (ISO code)
CM Center of Mass
cm centimeter
C-M Civil-Moderate signal
CMa Canis Major (constellation)
CMA China Meteorological Administration
CMA Comparative Market Analysis
CMarZ Census of Marine Zooplankton
CMASF San Fernando Automatic Meridian Circle (Sp. Circulo Meridiano Automatico de San Fernando), CUC observatory, Argentina
CMB Center-of-Mass Ballance
CMB Core-Mantle Boundary
CMB Cosmic Microwave Background
CMBR Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
CMC Carlsberg Meridian Catalog
CMC Common Massaging Calls
CMC Core-Mantle Coupling
CMD Constant Mid-Signal Detection
CME Coronal Mass Ejection
CMG Companion of the order of St. Michael & St. George
CMi Canis Minor (constellation)
CMIP Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
CML Combined Membership List
CMMACS CSIR Center for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation, Bangalore, India
CMMI Capability Maturity Model Integration
CMONC Crustal Movement Observation Network of China
CMONOC Crustal Movement Observation Network of China
CMOS Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society
CMOS Chicago Manual of Style
CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
CMS Chicago Manual of Style
CMT Carlsberg Meridian Telescope
CMT Centroid Moment Tensor
CMVA Coordinated Millimeter VLBI Array
CMYK Cyan-Magenta-Yellow-blacK
CN Center of Network
CN China (ISO code)
Cnc Cancer (constellation)
CND Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
CNES French Space Agency (Centre National d'Études Spatiales), Toulouse, France
CNKI China National Knowledge Infrastructure
CNN Cable News Network, USA
CNR Communication Network Riser (PC slot)
CNR National Research Council (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche), Bologna, Italy
CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Center for Scientific Research), France
CNS Central Nervous System
CNS Communication, Navigation and Surveillance (CNS Systems, Inc.), Severna Park, MD, USA
c/o care of
CO Central Office
CO Colombia (ISO code)
CO Colorado
Co. Company
Co. County
COA Certificate of Authenticity
COAMPS Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System
COAST MRAO Cambridge Optical Aperture Synthesis Telescope
COB Close Of Business day
COB Communication and Outreach Branch
COBOL COmmon Business-Oriented Language
COBRAS COsmic Background Radiation Anisotropy Satellite
COCOM Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls
C.O.D. Cash On Delivery
COD Center for Orbit Determination
CODASYL COnference on DAta SYstem Language, USA
CODATA Committee on Data for Science and Technology
CODE Center for Orbit Determination in Europe, AIUB, Bern, Switzerland
CODI UN Committee on Development Information
CODMAC ILRS Committee on Data Management, Archiving, and Computing
COEO Coupled Opto-Electronic Oscillator
COGR Continuously Operating GPS Receiver
COHIG Core-O'Higgins VLBI experiments
COI Co-Investigator
COKE Connected between OLIVE and KSP network Experiment, Japan
Col. Colonel
Col. Colorado
Col. College
Coll. Colloquium
Colo. Colorado
Col Columba (constellation)
CoM Center of Mass
Com Coma Berenices (constellation)
COM Component Object Model
Comd. Commander
COMET Centre for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes and Tectonics, UK
COMICS Cooled Mid-Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (Subaru telescope)
CoML Census of Marine Life
Comm. Communication (technology)
Comm. Communications (journal)
COMPTEL Compton Telescope, Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory
CONAE COmision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, Argentina
Conf. Conference
CONFOR CONnection of Frames in Optical and Radio regions
CONICET National Research Council of Argentina
Conn. Connecticut
Cont. Continued
Cont. Contract
CONTOUR COmet Nucleus Tour
CONUS Continental United States
COO Chief Operating Officer
Coop. Cooperative
COP Chief of Party (geodesy, geology)
COP Code Predicted orbit
COPE Committee on Publication Ethics
COPs Control Operation Planning subsystem, Japan
COPUOS UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
C.O.R. City of Redmond
CORDIS EU Community Research & Development Information Service
CORE Continuous Observations of the Rotation of the Earth
COrE Cosmic Origins Explorer
CORF Committee on Radio Frequencies, USA
COROT COnvection, ROtation and planetary Transits space telescope (CNES, France)
Corp. Corporation
CORS Continuously Operating Reference Stations
COS Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (Hubble Space Telescope)
COSIS Copernicus Online Service and Information System
COSMIC NASA COmputer Software Management and Information Center
COSMIC Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate
COSMOGRAIL COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses
COSPAR Committee on Space Research
COSPAS-SARSAT COsmicheskaya Systema Poiska Avariinyh Sudov - Search And Rescue SATellite, Russia
COSTAR Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (HST)
COSTED Committee on Science and Technology in Developing Countries
COSTEP Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Analyzer (SOHO)
CoT Car of Tomorrow (NASCAR)
COTES Conventional Terrestrial Reference System
COTS Commercial Off The Shelf
COTS Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (NASA)
CoW Council of Wise
COWAT Coaxial Wave-guide Transformer
CP Circular Polarization
CP Collaborative Programs
CP Command Processor
cp. compare
CP NASA STI Conference Publication
CPAN Comprehensive Perl Archive Network
CPC Cape Photographic Catalog
CPC Communist Party of China
CPC IERS Conventions Product Center
CPD Cape Photographic Durchmusterung
cpd cycles per day
CPF SLR Consolidated Prediction Format
CPGS Conventional Prompt Global Strike
CPIRSS USNO Catalog of Positions of Infrared Stellar Sources
CPMN Circum-pan Pacific Magnetometer Network
CPO Celestial Pole Offset
CPO Chief Petty Officer
CPP Calling Party Pays
CPP Combination Pilot Project (IERS)
CPS Certification Practice Statement
cps character per second
cpsd cycles per sidereal day
Cpt. Captain
CPTT GPS Carrier Phase Time Transfer
CPU Central Processing Unit
CQD Come Quick, Danger (used before SOS)
CR Carriage Return
c.q. in which case, as the case may be, and/or, if that is the case (Lat. casu quo)
CR Championship Record
CR Choke Ring (antenna)
CR Climate Research (journal)
CR NASA STI Contractor Report
CR Cosmic Rays
CR Costa Rica (ISO code)
CrA Corona Australis (constellation)
CRAAE Center for Radio Astronomy and Space Applications (Pg. Centro de Radio Astronomia e Aplicacoes Espaciais), Brazil
CRAF ESF Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies
CrAO Crimean Astrophysical Observatory
CRAM Card Random Access Memory
CRaTER Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (LRO)
CRATES Combined Radio All-Sky Targeted Eight GHz Survey
CrB Corona Borealis (constellation)
CRC Camera Ready Copy
CRC IERS Combination Research Center
CRCM IAG Commission on Recent Crustal Movement
CRD Consolidated laser Ranging Data format
CRDF Civilian R&D Foundation for the Independent States of the FSU, USA
CRDS Celestial Reference Frame Deep South
CRESTech Center for Research in Earth and Space Technology, Canada
CRF Celestial Reference Frame
CRGS Centre de Ressources - Génotypage et Séquençage
CrIS Cross-track Infrared Sounder (NPOESS)
CRIS Current Research Information Systems
CRL Communications Research Laboratory (now NICT), Japan
CRLHI CRL Hiraiso Solar Terrestrial Research Center, Ibaraki, Japan
CRM Customer Relationship Management
CRMS Clock RMS (IGS)
CRS Celestial Reference System
CRSR Centre for Radiophysics and Space Research, AUT, NZ
CRT Cathode Ray Tube
Crt Crater (constellation)
CRU Climate Research Unit, University of East Anglia
Cru Crux (constellation)
Crv Corvus (constellation)
CRV Current Replacement Value
CRVAD Catalogue of Radial Velocities with Astrometric Data
CS Communication Satellite
CS CornerStoun mission (ESA)
C/S Customer Sample
CSA Canadian Space Agency
CSAC Chip-Scale Atomic Clock
CSART Constrained Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique
CSB China Seismological Bureau
CSBN IAU Committee on Small Body Nomenclature
CSC Computer Science Corp., Silver Spring, MD, USA
CSC Computer Sciences Corp., Falls Church, VA, USA
CSCD Chinese Science Citation Database
CSEM Center for Space Environment Modeling, College of Engineering, University of Michigan
CSEM Controlled Source ElectroMagnetics (Electromagnetic)
CSEP Collaboratory for the Study of Earthquake Predictability
CSG ASI Center of Spatial Feodesy (It. Centro di Geodesia Spaziale), Matera, Italy, the same as CGS
CSG Chinese Society for Geodesy
CSI Chinese Scientometric Indicators
CSI Crime Scene Investigation
CSIC Spanish Research Council (Sp. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas)
CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Ghana
CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa
CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia
CSLR Cell-Site Location Record
CSM Chinese Society for Meteorology
CSM circumstellar matter
CSM NCAR Climate System Model
CSMPG Chinese Society for Mineral Petrology and Geo-Chemistry
CSnet Computer Science Network
CSO California Institute of Technology 10.4-m Submillimeter Telescope, Mauna Kea, HI, USA
CSO Chinese Society for Oceanology
CSO Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillator
CSO Compact Symmetric Object
CSOC Consolidated Space Operations Contract, NASA, USA
CSOL Chinese Society for Oceanology and Limnology
CSP Cambridge Scientific Publishers
CSPAD Compensated Single Photon (Photoelectron) Avalanche Diode
CSPI College Student Precommissioning Initiative
CSR Center for Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
CSR Center for Space Research, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
CSR Concept Study Report
CSRC California Spatial Reference Center, San Diego, CA, USA
CSRIFS Combined Square Root Information Filter and Smoother
CSRS Canadian Spatial Reference System
CSS Cascading Style Sheets
CSS Catalina Sky Survey
CSS Compact Steep Spectrum radio source
CSS Content Scrambling System
CSSAR Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
CSSC Corona Space Surveillance Centre, Oslo, Norway
CSSCI Chinese Social Science Citation Index
CSSS Chinese Society for Space Sciences
CST U.S. Central Standard Time (UTC - 6h)
CST China Standard Time (UTC + 8h)
CSTAR Chinese Small Telescope ARray
CSTC Air Force Sunnyvale Consolidated Space Test Center, USA
CSTG IAG Commission VIII - International Coordination of Space Techniques for Geodesy and Geodynamics
CSTP Council for Science and Technology Policy, Japan
CSTPC China Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations
CSUF California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
CSWC Chinese Society for Water Conservancy
CT Connecticut
ct. Cent
Ct. Court
CTA Cherenkov Telescope Array
CTAN Comprehensive TeX Archive Network
CTE Charge Transfer Efficiency (CCD)
CTE Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
CTIO Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, La Serena, Chile
CTIOPI Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory Parallax Investigation
CTIP CSIRO Telecommunications & Industrial Physics
Ctl Control
CTLRS Chinese Transportable Laser Ranging System
CTO Chief Technical Officer
CTO Chief Technology Officer
CTP Conventional Terrestrial Pole
CTRF Conventional Terrestrial Reference Frame
Ctrl Control
CTRS Conventional Terrestrial Reference System
CTS Canadian Technology Satellite
cts Cents
CTS Communication Technology Satellite
CTS Conventional Terrestrial System
CTS Copyright Transfer Statement
CTSM Continuous Time Stochastic Modelling
CTU FNSPE Czech Technical University Faculty of Nuclear Science and Physical Engineering
CTVA Canadian Transportable VLBI Antenna
CTX Context Imager (Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter)
CU Cuba (ISO code)
cu. Cubic
CU see you
CU University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
CUC Carlos U. Cesco observatory, Argentina
CUDA Compute Unified Device Architecture
CUO Copenhagen University Observatory
CUP Cambridge University Press
CUPPA Curtin University Parallel Processor for Astronomy
CUREA Consortium for Undergraduate Research and Education in Astronomy, MWO, USA
CV Cape Verde (ISO code)
CV Common View
CV Curriculum Vitae
CVF Compaq Visual Fortran
CVn Canes Venatici (constellation)
CVN Chinese VLBI Network
CVO Canadian Virtual Observatory
CVS Concurrent Versions System
CVT Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation
CVT Continuously Variable Transmission
CW Chandler Wobble
CWRU Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
CWT Continuous Wavelet Transform
cwt hundredweight (centum) weight
CWU Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, USA
CX Christmas Island (ISO code)
CXML Compaq eXtended Math Library
CXO Chandra X-ray Observatory
CY Cyprus (ISO code)
Cyg Cygnus (constellation)
CyTeG Cyber Tech Group
CZ Long March ( Chin. Chang Zheng) rocket, China
CZ Czech Republic (ISO code)
CZIN Czech Institute of Navigation
D Defender (sport)
D. Democrat (a member of the Democratic Party)
D. Department
D Division
D. Doctor
D Draws/Drawn (sport)
d. died
d. penny
DA Diamond Aircraft
DA Digital-to-Analog
DA Direct Access
DA District Attorney
DAAC NASA/JPL Distributed Active Archive Center
DAAD German Academic Exchange Service (Ger. German: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst)
DAC Data Analysis Center
DAC Digital-to-Analog Convertor
DAL Delta AirLines
DAM Direct Access Method
DAMA DArk MAtter project
DAME DAta Mining & Exploration
DAMIAN Digital Access to Metric Images Archives, ROB, Belgium
DAMIT Database of Asteroid Models from Inversion Techniques (Astronomical Institute, Prague, Czech Republic)
DANOF Departement d'Astronomie Fondamentale, Paris Observatory, France (now SYRTE)
DANTE Delivery of Advanced Network Technology to Europe
DAO Data Access Objects
DAO NASA/GSFC Data Assimilation Office
DAO Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, Victoria, BC, Canada
DARA German Space Agency (Ger. Deutsche Agentur fur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten GmbH)
DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, USA
DART Dynamic Advertising Reporting Targeting
DAS Data Acquisition System
DAS Data Analysis System
DAS Data Archive Server
DAS Data Assimilation System
DASCH Digital Access to a Sky Century @ Harvard
DASD Direct Access Storage Device
DASOS DAS Operating System
DASP Dynamic Adaptive Speculative Preprocessor
DAT Data Acquisition Terminal
DAVAR Dynamic Allan Variance
DB DataBase
dB decibel
DB Directing Board
DBA Doctor of Business Administration
DBBC Digital BaseBand Converter
DBC DataBase Code
DBCS Double-Byte Character Set
DBE Digital Back-End
DBH Data Base Handler (Mark-3 VLBI data format)
dble Double
DBLP Digital Bibliography & Library Project, University of Trier, Germany
DBMS DataBase Management System
DBRN Data-Based Referenced Navigation
DC Data Center
DC Device Context
DC Direct Current
DC District of Columbia
DC Douglas Commercial (airplane)
DCB Data Control Block
DCB Device Control Block
DCB Differential Code Bias
DCDFT Date Compensated Discrete Fourier Transform
DCE Data Communication Equipment
DCF Discrete Correlation Function
DCL Digital Command Language
DCS Data Collecting System
DCT Lowell's Discovery Channel Telescope
DD NOAA FSL Demonstration Division
DD Double Density
DD Double Difference
DD Dual-Depth (GPS antenna)
D-day Designated day
DDA Division on Dynamical Astronomy, American Astronomical Society
DDE Dynamic Data Exchange
DDI Device Driver Interface
DDK Microsoft Driver Development Kits
DDN Defense Data Network
DDNA Divided Difference Noise Analysis
DDoS Distributed Denial of Service
DDR German Democratic Republic (Ger. Deutsche Demokratische Republik)
DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate SDRAM
DDR2 SDRAM Double Data Rate Two SDRAM
DDR3 SDRAM Double Data Rate Three SDRAM
DDRG Double-Double Radio Galaxy
DDS Doctor of Dental Surgery
DDT DichloroDiphenylTrichloroethane
DDV Dialog Data Validation
DDX Dialog Data Exchange
DE Dark Energy
DE Declination
DE Delaware
DE Development Ephemerides
DE Differential Equation
DE Germany (ISO code)
Dec December
Dec Declination
DEC Digital Equipment Corp., USA
DECIGO DECI-hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory
DECnet DEC networking product
def. Defeat
Def. Definition
deg gegree
DEGRIAS DElft Geodetic Radio Interferometry Adjustment System
Del. Delaware
Del. Delete
Del Delphinus (constellation)
Dem Democrat (a member of the Democratic Party)
DEM Digital Elevation Model
DENIS DEep Near Infrared Survey of the southern sky
DEOS Delft Institute for Earth-Oriented Space Research, DUT, the Netherlands
DEP Data Execution Prevention
dep. Deputy
Dept. Department
DESI Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
DEST Department of Education, Science and Training, Australia
DET Detachment
DEVOS Deep Extragalactic VLBI-Optical Survey
DF Defender (sport)
DFA Detrended Fluctuation Analysis
DFAS Defence Finance and Accounting Service
DFD Data Flow Diagram
DFG Deutsche ForschungsGemeinschaft
DF&P WG ILRS Data Formats and Procedures Working Group
DFPWG ILRS Data Formats and Procedures Working Group
DFN Deutsches Forschungnetz, Germany
DFNK German Research Network on Natural Disasters
DFRF Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, CA, USA
DFS Duty Free Shop
DFT Discrete Fourier Transformation
DFTNIC NASA/GSFC Data Flow Technology Network Information Center
DG Delay Generator
DGFI German Geodetic Research Institute (Ger. Deutsches Geodätisches ForschungsInstitut), Munich, Germany
DGGA Dense GPS Geodetic Array, USA
DGK German Geodetic Commission (Ger. Deutsche Geodätische Kommission)
DGON German Institute of Navigation (Ger. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ortung und Navigation)
DGPS Differential GPS
DGRS Dynamically nonrotating Geocentric Reference System
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHS U.S. Department of Homeland Security
DHS IUHPS Division of History of Science
DHTML Dynamic HyperText Markup Language
DIA Detection, Identification, Adaptation
DIB Device Independent Bitmap
DIF DOMES Information Form
DiFX Distributed FX software correlator
DIQ Data and Information Quality
DIM Data Input Module
DIMM Differential Image Motion Monitor
DIMM Dual In-line Memory Module
DIN Deutsche Industrie Norm
DIOGENE Determination Immediate d'Orbite par GPS Et Navigateur Embarque
Dipl. Diploma
DIR DIRectory
DIS Data Information System
DITT Department of Land, Noumea, New Caledonia
Div. Division
DIVA Double Interferometer for Visual Astrometry satellite (Deutsches Interferometer für Vielkanalphotometrie und Astrometrie)
DIXI Deep Impact eXtended Investigation (of comets)
DJ DeskJet printer
DJ Disc Jockey
DJ Djibouti (ISO code)
DK Denmark (ISO code)
DKRZ Deutsches KlimaRechenZentrum
DL Dynamically Loaded
DLA Defense Logistics Agency, USA
DLL Delay Locked Loop
DLL Dynamic Link Library
DLM Dissemination Limiting Marker
DLR German Aerospace Center (Ger. Deutsche Forshungsanstalt für Luft- and Raumfart e.V.), Neustrelitz, Germany
DLS Distinguished Lecture Series
DM Dark Matter
DM Deutsche Mark
DM Dominica (ISO code)
DM (D/M) Dorne-Margolin (GPS antenna)
DMA U.S. Defence Mapping Agency
DMA Direct Memory Access
DMAHTC DMA Hydrographic and Topographic Center
DMCA Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998
DMCR Dorne-Margolin Choke Ring (GPS antenna)
DMD Doctor of Dental Medicine
DME Distance Measuring Equipment
DMG Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft, Germany
DMI Danish Meteorological Institute
DMI David Malin Images
DMI Desktop Management Interface
DMS Data Measurement System
DMSA Double and Multiply Stars Annex (HIPPARCOS)
DMSP DoD Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, USA
DMZ DeMilitarized Zone
DN Diffuse Nebula
DN Dark Nebula
DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
DNe Diffuse Nebulae
DNF Did Not Finish (sport)
DNS Did Not Start (sport)
DNS Domain Name System (Domain Name Service)
DO Dominican Republic (ISO code)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DOC DOCument, DOCumentation
DoD U.S. Department of Defense
DODG Doris Orbit Determination Group
DoE U.S. Department of Energy
dof degree of freedom (statistics)
DOGS DGFI Orbit and Geodetic parameter estimation Software (System)
DOGS-CS DOGS-Combination and Solution
DoI U.S. Department of the Interior
DOI Digital Object Identifier
DOM Data Output Module
DOM Document Object Model
DOMES Directory of Merit Sites
DOMEX DOMEs EXtended
DOP Dilution of Precision
Dor Dorado (constellation)
DOR Drop(ped) on Request (Discharge(d) On Request, Drop(ped) Own Request, ...)
DORIS Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite
DoS Denial of Service
DOS Department of Space, India
DOS Disk Operating System
DOSE Dynamics of the Solid Earth
DOSLI Department of Survey and Land Information, Wellington, NZ
DOT Data Observe Time (VSI)
DoT U.S. Department of Transportation
DOT Dynamic Ocean Topography
DOY Day of Year
DP Double Precision
DPAC Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (Gaia)
D-PAF Germany Processing and Analysis (Archiving) Facility, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
dpi dots per inch
DPL Data Prefetch Logic
DPMI DOS Protected Mode Interface
DPMS Dahlgren Polar Monitoring Service
DPS Data Processing System
DPS Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society
DPSSL Diode Pumped Solid State Laser
DQA Data Quality Analysis
DQE Detective Quantum Efficiency
DR Data Release
Dr. Doctor
Dr. Drive
Dra Draco (constellation)
DRAO HIA Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory, Penticton, BC, Canada
DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
DRE Doppler Ranging Equipment
DREM Dynamic Reference Earth Model
DREN Defense Research and Engineering Network
DRF Delay Resolution Function
DRI Desert Research Institute, NV, USA
DRM Digital Rights Management
DRP Driver Registration Packet
DRS Drag Reductions System
DRTS Data Relay Test Satellite, Japan
DS Strassburg Center of Astronomical Data (Fr. Centre de Donnes Astronomiques de Strasburg), France
DS Double Sided (disk)
DS Double Stars
DSAC Deep Space Atomic Clock
DSB Defence Science Board, USA
DSB Double Sideband
DSC Digital Selective Calling
DSCC Depp Space Communication Complex
DSCS Defense Satellite Communication System
DSD Defense Signal Directorate, Australia
DSGS Densely Spaced Geodetic Systems
DSIR/PEL Department of Scientific & Industrial Researches / Physics & Engineering Laboratory, Lauder, NZ
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DSLR Digital Single-Lens Reflex camera
DSN NASA/JPL Deep Space Network
D.S.O. Distinguished Service Order (UK)
DSP Delivery Service Partner
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DSP Digital Signal Processor
DSS NASA/JPL Deep Space Station
DSS STScI Digitized Sky Survey
DST Daylight Savings Time
Dst Disturbed Storm Time geomagnetic index
DSU Data Service Unit
DTAG Deutsche Telekom AG, Germany
DTD Document Type Definition
DTIC Defense Technical Information Center, USA
DTM Digital Terrain Map
DTM Digital Terrain Model
DTMF Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (Telephony)
DTOF Differential Time of Flight (SLR)
DTR Diurnal Temperature Range2
DTS Data Transmission System
DTS Digital Thermal Sensor
DTU Technical University of Denmark
Du. Dutch
DUACS Developing Use of Altimetry for Climate Studies
DUI Drive Under Influence
DUT Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
DUT/OSG DUT Observatory for Space Geodesy, the Netherlands
DV Daily Value
DVB Digital Video Broadcast
DVB-H Digital Video Broadcast Handheld terminal
DVB-S Digital Video Broadcast over Satellite
DVB-T Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (TV standard)
DVC Dynamic Vehicle Control
DVD Digital Video (Versatile) Disk
DVI DeVice Independent
DVI Digital Visual Interface
DVLBI Differential VLBI
D-VOR Doppler VHF Omnidirectional Range
DVR Digital Video Recorder
D.W. Daily Worker (newspaper)
DWDM Dense Wave Division Multiplexing
DWE Doppler Wind Experiment (Cassini/Huygens mission)
DWT Discrete Wavelet Transform
DX Duplex
DXRBS Deep X-ray Blazar Survey
DyMEG Dynamic Model for Earth Rotation and Gravity
Dyn. Dynamical
DZ Algeria (ISO code)
dz. dozen
E East
E Einstein Observatory (used in space object naming)
E (E-) Electronic
E. Engineer
ea. each
EA Exchange of Astronomers
EAA Experimental Aircraft Association
EAAE European Association for Astronomy Education
EAAM Effective Atmospheric Angular Momentum
EAAS Euro-Asian Astronomical Society
EAC Earth Approaching Comet(s)
EACR Estación Astronómica de Cerro El Roble, Chile
EAD Employment Authorization Document
EADS European Aeronautic Defense and Space company
EAGE European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers
EAGO EurAsian Geophysical Society
EAL Echelle Atomique Libre (Fr. Free Atomic Scale)
EAM Effective Angular Momentum
EAM Federal Office of Metrology, Switzerland
EAMF Effective Atmospheric angular Momentum Functions
EAN European Article Numbering
EAPS MIT Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences department, Cambridge, MA, USA
EARN European Academic Research Network
EASCO Earth-Affecting Solar Causes Observatory
EASI Earth and Space Index
EAST Earthshine and Asteroseismology Telescope
EAVN East Asia VLBI Network
EBCDIC Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code
EBD Electronic Brakeforce Distribution
EBFD Electronic BrakeForce Distribution
EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EBRY Eastern Basin Range Yellowstone, USA
EBS Electron Bombarded Silicon
EBSCO Elton Bryson Stephens COmpany
EC Ecuador (ISO code)
EC Environment Canada
EC Erase Character
EC European Commission
EC European Community
EC European Council
EC European Cup (sport)
EC Executive Committee
ECAC European Conference on Applied Climatology
ECB European Central Bank
ECC CEPT Electronic Communications Committee
ECC Error-Correcting Code memory
ECCC European Champion Clubs Cup
ECCO Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean
ECDIS Electronic Chart Display and Information System
ECEF Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed coordinate system
ECGN European Combined Geodetic Network
ECGS European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Luxembourg
ECHAM European Centre Hamburg Model
ECI Earth-Centered Inertial coordinate system
eCMAM extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model
ECMWF European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting
ECOM Extended CODE Orbit Model
ECP Enhanced Capability Port
ECRA Eastern Center for Research in Astrophysics, IRE, India
ECRS European Coordinate Reference System
ECSF Earth-Centered Space-Fixed coordinate system
ECSL European Centre for Space Law
ECSN European Climate Support Network
ECTS European Credit Transfer System
ECU European Currency Unit
ECWC European Cup Winners' Cup
Ed. Edited
Ed. Editor
ED European Datum
EDA European Distributed Access
EDA Exploratory Data Analysis
EDC EROS Data Center
EDC EUROLAS Data Center, Munich, Germany
EDC DAAC EROS/EOSDIS Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center
EDF SLR Engineering Data File
EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
EDM Electronic Distance Measuring (Measurement)
EDM Electronic Distance Meter
EDMI Electronic Distance Measuring Instrument
EDO Extended Data Out (RAM)
EDP Eau de Parfum
EDP Fr. Édition Diffusion Presse
EDPS EDP Sciences, Fr. Édition Diffusion Presse Siences
EDS EBSCO Discovery Service
Eds. Editors
EDT U.S. Eastern Daylight Time (UTC - 4h)
EDT Eau de Toilette
EE Estonia (ISO code)
EEC European Economic Community
EEE Earthquake Environmental Effects
E-ELT European Extremely Large Telescope
EELV Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (US Air Force)
EEMD Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
EEO Equal Employment Opportunity
EEOF Extended EOF analysis
EEOS European Earth Observation System
EEP Einstein Equivalence Principle (Principal)
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EES Elsevier Editorial System
EEST Eastern European Summer Time (UTC + 3h)
EET Electronic Engineering Times (newspaper)
EF Exposed Facility
EFI Extensible Firmware Interface
EFL English as a Foreign Language
EFOSC ESO Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera
EFTA European Free Trade Association
EG Egypt (ISO code)
e.g. for instance (Lat. exempli gratia)
EGA Extended (Enhanced) Graphics Adapter
EGAE Experiment-Guided Adaptive Endpoint
EGEE Enabling Grids for E-science in Europe
EGI Embedded GPS/INS
EGM Earth Gravity Model
EGNOS European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service
EGO European Gravitational Observatory
EGRET Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope
EGRS ExtraGalactic Radio Source
EGS European Geophysical Society (now EGU)
EGS Experimental Geodetic Satellite
EGU European Geosciences Union (former EGS + former EUG)
EGVAP EUMETNET GPS water vapour programme
EH Western Sahara (ISO code)
EHA Ethernet Hardware Address
EHF Extra High Frequency
EHT Euro Hockey Tour
EHT Event Horizon Telescope
EiC Editor-in-Chief
EICAR European Institute for Computer Anti-virus Research
EIDS European Integrity Determination System (Galileo)
EIH Einstein-Infeld-Hoffman (equations)
EIRP Effective (Equivalent) Isotropically Radiated Power
EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
EISSN Electronic International Standard Serial Number
EJSM Europa Jupiter System Mission
EKF Extended Kalman Filter
EKBO Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt Objects
El Elevation
ELAIS European Large Area ISO Survey
ELDP European Lake Drilling Program
Elect. Electrical
Electron. Electronics
ELF Extra (Extremely) Low Frequency
ELSA European Leadership in Space Astrometry
ELT European Laser Timing experiment
ELT Extremely Large Telescope
ELV Expendable Launch Vehicle
ELVIS Expendable Launch Vehicle Integrated Support
EM Eigenvector Method
EM ElectroMagnetic
Emacs Editor MACroS
EMB Earth-Moon Barycenter
EMC Enhanced Machine Controller
EMD Empirical Mode Decomposition
EMEA Europe, the Middle East and Africa
EMEP European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme
EMFBI Excuse Me For Butting In
EMI ElectroMagnetic Interference
EMIR European Microgravity Research Program
EMMA European Multi-services Meteorological Awareness
EMP EMR Predicted orbit
EMPV Epoch of Minimal Position Variance
EMR Now NRCan
EMS European Macroseismic Scale
EMS European Meteorological Society
EMS Express Mail Service
EMU Evolutionary Map of the Universe
EN Emission Nebula
eNav Electronic Navigation
ENC Electronic Nautical Chart
ENE East-Northeast
Eng. Engineer(s)
Eng. Engineering
ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
ENSG Ecole Nationale des Sciences Géographiques, Marne la Vallée, France
ENSO El Nino/Southern Oscillation
ENVISAT ENVIronmental SATellite
EO Equation of Origin
EOAM Effective Oceanic Angular Momentum
EOB End Of Block
EOC NASDA Earth Observation Center
EOF Empirical Orthogonal Functions
EOF End Of File
EOL End Of Life
EOM End Of Month
EOP Earth Orientation Parameters
EOPAP NASA Earth and Ocean Physics Application Program
EOR End Of Record
EOS Earth Observing System
EOS Electro Optic Systems PTY Ltd., Australia
EOS End Of Support
EOS European Optical Society
EOSDIS NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System
EOT End Of Tape
EOV End Of Volume
EOY End Of Year
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPIC Electronic Privacy Information Center, Washington, DC, USA
EPIC Explicitly Parallel Instruction set Computing
EPIGGOS European Partners for IGGOS
EPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacon
EPJC European Physical Journal C
EPL Excess Path Length
EPM Ephemerides of Planets and the Moon
EPN EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (earlier EUREF Permanent GPS Network)
EPO Education and Public Outreach
EPOCh Extrasolar Planet Observations and Characterization
EPOS European Plate Observing System
EPOXI EPOCh + DIXI
EPP Enhanced Parallel Port
EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EPS Earth, Planets, and Space (journal)
EPS Encapsulated PostScript
EPSRC Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK
EPT European Poker Tour
EPUSP-PTR Escola Politecnica da USP-PTR
EQ EarthQuake
eq. equal
eq. equation
eq. equivalent
EQC Earthquake Commission, NZ
EQC Environmental Quality Control
EQE External Quantum Efficiency
Eqpt. Equipment
eqs. equations
Equ Equuleus (constellation)
ER Eritrea (ISO code)
ER European Record
ERA Earth Rotation Angle
ERA Environments of Radio-loud AGN
ERA Ephemeris (for) Research in Astronomy
ERA European Research Area
ERCOFTAC European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combustion
ERDE VLBI Extended Research and Development Experiment
EREI Elliptically symmetric, Rotating, Elastic, Isotropic (Earth model)
ERI Earthquake Research Institute, Tokio University, Japan
ERI Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokio, Japan
Eri Eridanus (constellation)
ERIC European Research Infrastructure Consortium
ERIDOC European Radio Interferometry and Doppler Observational Campaign
ERLcat USNO Extragalactic Reference Link Catalog
ERO European Radiocommunications Office
EROLD Earth Rotation from Lunar Distances (LLR project)
EROS NASA/USGS Earth Resources Observation Systems (Earth Resources Observing Satellite)
EROS Expérience pour la Recherche d'Objets Sombres
ERP Earth Rotation Parameters
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
ERS Earth Resources Satellite
ERS Energy Recovery System
ERS Environmental Research Satellite
ERS European Remote Sensing satellite
ERS Extragalactic Radio Source
ERTRC European Radio Telescope Review Committee
ERTS NASA Earth Resources Technology Satellite
ERVA Estaciones de Referencia GPS/GNSS de Valencia, Spain
Er:YAG Erbium-Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet
E/S Engineer Sample
ES Spain (ISO code)
ESA European Space Agency
ESATT European Science and Technology Transfer Network
ESC ESCape
ESC European Seismological Commission
ESCAP UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ESD ElectroStatic Discharge
ESDCD NASA/GSFC Earth and Space Data Computing Division
ESE NASA Earth Science Enterprise
ESE East-Southeast
ESE Extreme Scattering Event
ESEAS European Sea Level Service
ESEAS-RI European Sea Level Service Research Infrastructure
ESF European Science Foundation
ESG European Society of Geodesy
ESI Edge Side Includes (HTML extension)
ESL English as a Second Language
ESLRS NASA/GSFC Experimental Satellite Laser Ranging System
ESMD NASA Exploration Systems Mission Directorate
ESMF NASA/UCAR Earth System Modeling Framework project
ESN Electronic Serial Number
ESNL Earth Science Natural Laboratory
ESO European Southern Observatory, Chile
ESOC European Space Operations Center, Darmstadt, Germany
esp. especially
ESP Early Science Program
ESP ESA Predicted orbit
ESPaCE European Satellite Partnership for Computing Ephemerides
ESPERE Environmental Science Published for Everybody Round the Earth
ESPP Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Esq. Esquire
Esqr. Esquire
ESRIN European Space Research Institute
ESSAS Ecosystem Studies of Sub-Arctic Seas
ESSP Earth System Science Pathfinder
ES SRIPRM East-Siberian Scientific Research Institute for Physics-technical and Radio-technical Measurements (VS NIIFTRI)
Est. Established
EST U.S. Eastern Standard Time (UTC - 5h)
ESTA Electronic System for Travel Authorization
ESTB EGNOS System Test Bed
ESTEC ESA European Space Research and Technology Center, Noordwijk, the Netherlands
ESTEDI European Spatio-Temporal Data Infrastructure for High-Performance Computing
ESTO NASA Earth Science Technology Office
ET Ephemeris Time
ET Ethiopia (ISO code)
ET Event Timer
ETA Earth Trojan Asteroids
ETA Electronic Travel Authority (Australia)
ETA Expected Time of Arrival
et al. and others (Lat. et alia)
etc. and others, and so on (Lat. et cetera)
ETC IAG Earth Tide Commission
ETD Expected Time of Departure
ETG Early-Type Galaxy
ETH Eidgenossiche Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland
ETM+ Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus
ETRS European Terrestrial Reference System
ETS Engineering Test Satellite
ETS Episodic Tremor and Slip
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EU European Union
EUCOS EUMETNET Composite Observing System
EUG European Union of Geosciences (now EGU)
EUGIN European Group of Institutes of Navigation
EULA End User License Agreement
EUMETNET European Meteorological Network (Network of European Meteorological Services)
EUMETSAT European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites
EUN Expanded Use Number
EUPOS European Position Determination System
EUR Europe
EURD Experiment for the Detection of the UV Background Radiation (LAEFF, Spain)
EUREF Reference Frame Subcommission for Europe of the IAG
EUREF European Reference Frame
EUMETSAT European Organisation for the Exploitation of METeorological SATellites
EUROLAS European Laser Consortium
EURONEAR EUROpean Near Earth Asteroid Research
Euro-SPAN European Space Physics Analysis Network
EUSO Extreme Universe Space Observatory (ESA)
EUV Extreme Ultraviolet
EUVN European Vertical GPS Reference Network
eV electron volt
EVA ESMF VAlidation
EVA ExtraVehicular Activity
EVGA European VLBI Group for Geodesy and Astrometry
EVLA Expanded Very Large Array
e-VLBI Electronic transfer VLBI
EVM EigenVector Method
EVN European VLBI Network
EVRF European Vertical Reference Frame
EVRS European Vertical Reference System
EW East-West
EW Equivalent Width (spectral line)
EWASS European Week of Astronomy and Space Science
ex. example
ex. except
exc. except
EXCEED EXtreme ultraviolet spectrosCope for ExosphEric Dynamics satellite (Japan)
ExCom PNT Executive Committee, USA
Exec. Executive
EXPReS Express Production Real-time e-VLBI Service
Ext. Extension
F Fahrenheit
F farad
F Female
F Fortran
F Forward (sport)
F. French
F Friday
F2F Face to Face
FAA U.S. Federal Aviation Administration
FAA Foundation for the Advancement of Astronomy, Australia
FABRIC Future Array of Broadband Radio-telescopes on Internet Computing
FACA Federal Advisory Committee Act, USA
FAG Frequently Asked Questions
FAGS Federation of Astronomical and Geophysical Data Analysis Services (now CAGS)
FAME Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer, NASA/USNO
FAMOUS Frequency Analysis Mapping On Unusual Samplings
FAMT Fully Automatic Machine Translation
FANS Future Air Navigation Systems
FAO UN Food and Agriculture Organization
FARIMA Fractional AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average
FAS Federation of American Scientists
FAST Facilitated Access to the Space Environment for Technology Development and Training, NASA
FAST Fast Auroral SnapshoT explorer, NASA
FAST Five-hundred-metre Aperture Spherical Telescope
FAST Fly-Away Satellite Terminal
FAT File Access Table (File Allocation Table)
Favicon Favorite Icon
FAX Facsimile System
FB FictionBook (file format)
FBI U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBL Fairhead-Bretagnon-Lestrade
FBM Fractional Brownian Motion
FBN U.S. NGS Federal Base Network
FBQS FIRST Bright QSO Survey
FC Football Club
FCC U.S. Federal Communications Commission
FCFS First Come First Served
FCI Facility Condition Index
FCN Free Core Nutation
FDA Fisher Discriminant Analysis
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FDB File Description Block
FDC France Development Council
FDD Floppy Disk Drive
FDDI Fiber Distibuted Data Interface
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
FDR Foundation for Research Development, South Africa
FDX Full DupleX
Feb February
FedEx Federal Express
FEM Finite Element Method (mathematics)
FEMA U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency
FERPA Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
FESG Detlef Angermann Research Facility for Space Geodesy (Ger. Forschungseinrichtung Satellitengeodäsie), Technical University Munich, Germany
FET Field Effect Transistor
FF French Frank
FFDP Far Field Diffraction Pattern
FFI Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (Norw. Forsvarets ForskningsInstitutt), Norway
FFRDC Federally Funded Research and Development Centers, USA
FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
FGCC Federal Geodetic Control Committee, USA
FGDC Federal Geographic Data Committee, USA
FGCS Federal Geodetic Control Subcommittee, USA
FGI Finnish Geodetic Institute, Helsinki, Finland
FGLR Flux-weighted Gravity-Luminosity Relationship
FGN Fractional Gaussian Noise
FGNP Field Generated Normal Points
FGS Fine Guidance Sensor (HST)
FGS Research Group for Satellite Geodesy (Ger. Forschungsgruppe Satellitengeodäsie), Germany (BKG, FESG, DGFI, GIUB)
FHA U.S. Federal Highway Administration
FHWA U.S. Federal Highway Administration
FI Finland (ISO code)
FIA Federation Internationale de l'Automobile
FIAT Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino
FIB File Identification Block
FICN Free Inner Core Nutation
FIDE International Chess Federation (Fr. Fédération Internationale de Echecs)
FIF Fractal Image Format
FIFA International Federation of Football Associations (Fr. Fédération Internationale de Football Associations)
FIFE First ISLSCP Field Experiment
FIFO First-In, First-Out
Fig. Figure
FIG International Federation of Surveyors (Fr. Fédération Internationale des Geometres)
FINLAS Metsahovi Laser Station, Finland
FIR Finite Impulse Response
FIRST Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm
FIS FIFE Information System
FITS Flexible Image Transport System
FIU Florida International University, FL, USA
FIVB International Volleyball Federation (Fr. Fédération Internationale de Volleyball)
FJ Fiji (ISO code)
FK Falkland Islands (Malvinas) (ISO code)
FK Fundamental Catalog (Ger. Fundamental Katalog)
FL Fixed Laser System
FL Florida
f.l. focal length
Fla. Florida
FLI Finger Lakes Instrumentation, Lima, NY, USA
FLINN Fiducial Laboratories for an International Natural science Network
FLOP FLoating-point OPeration
FLOPS FLoating-point Operations Per Second
FM Federated States of Micronesia (ISO code)
FM Frequency Modulation
FMOS Fiber Multi Object Spectrograph (Subaru telescope)
FNRS Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique, Belgium
FNW Free Network Analysis
FO Faroe Islands (ISO code)
FO Fiber Optic
FOB Free On Board
FOC Faint Object Camera (HST)
FOC Fluid Outer Core
FOC Fully Operational Capability
FOLDOC Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing
FOM Formula One Management
FOMI Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing, Hungary
For Fornax (constellation)
FOREX FOReign EXchange market
FORS FOcal Reducer and low dispersion Spectrograph, VLT, ESO, Chile
FORTRAN FORmula TRANslator
FOT Federal Office of Topography (Ger. Bundesamt für Landestopographie), Wabern, Switzerland (the same as BfL, LPT, L+T)
FOT Flight Operations Team
FOTA Firmware On-The-Air
FOTA Formula One Teams Association
FOUO For Official Use Only
FOV Field of View
FP6 Sixth Framework Programm
FP7 Seventh Framework Programm
FPAG ESA SPC Fundamental Physics Working Group
FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
FPN FootPrint Network
fps Frames Per Second
FQTV Frequent Traveler
FR Fanaroff-Riley (radio source classification)
FR Faraday Rotation
FR France (ISO code)
Fr. French
Fr. Friday
FR Front Row
FR Full-Rate
FRA U.S. Federal Railroad Administration
FRCN IUGG Fundamental Reference and Calibration Network
FRD Foundation for Research and Development, South Africa
FREDNET Friuli Regional Deformation Network, Italy
FRG Federal Republic of Germany
Fri. Friday
FRI Fanaroff-Riley type I radio source
FRII Fanaroff-Riley type II radio source
FRM Focus/Rotation Mount (VLBA antenna)
Frm. Former
FRP Federal Radionavigation Plan, USA
FRP Fiber-Reinforced Plastic
FRS Federal Radionavigation Systems, USA
F.R.S. Fellow of the Royal Society
FRT Fringe Reference Time
FRW Friedmann-Robertson-Walker
FRWY Free Way
fs femtosecond
FS Field System
FSA UK Financial Services Authority
FSC Faint Source Catalogue
FSD File System Driver
FCE First Certificate in English
FSF Free Software Foundation
FSG Forschungsgruppe Satellitengeodäsie, TU Munich, Germany
FSK Frequency Shift Key modulation
FSL NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory
FSL/DD NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory Demonstration Division
FSRQ Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar
FSS Fixed Satellite Services
FSS Frequency Selective Surface
FSSR Frequency Selective Sub-Reflector
FSU Former Soviet Union
FSW Fundamental Station Wettzell
ft Foot
Ft. Fort
FT Fourier Transform
FTBPF Fourier Transform Band Pass Filter
FTE Full Time Equivalent
FTLRS French Transportable Laser Ranging System
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTS Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
FTSE Financial Times and the London Stock Exchange
FUSE NASA Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer
FUV Far Ultraviolet
FV Fixed VLBI System
FW Fire Wall
FW Forward (sport)
FWD Four-Wheel Drive
FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum
FWIW For What It's Worth
Fwy Freeway
FX France, metropolitan (ISO code)
FXO Foreign eXchange Office
FXS Foreign eXchange Station
FY Wind and Cloud (Chin. Feng Yun) satellite, China
FY Fiscal Year
FYI For Your Information
FYSP Faint Young Sun Paradox
G galaxy
G gauss
g gram
G3 Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (journal}
G-7 Group of Seven
G-8 Group of Eight
GA Gabon (ISO code)
GA General Assembly
GA Georgia
GA Geoscience Australia (formerly AUSLIG)
Ga gigayear
GA Goals Against (sport)
GA Göttingen Aktinometry
GA Great Attractor (Cosmology)
GAA Goals Against Average (sport)
GaAsP Gallium Arsenide Photo diode
GAC Geological Association of Canada
GAGAN GPS and GEO Augmented Navigation system, India
GAGER Geodesy, Astrometry, Geodynamics, Earth Rotation software
GAGOS Geodetic And Geohazard Observing System
GAIA Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics
GAIA Graphical Astronomy and Image Analysis tool
GAINR GPS-aided Inertial Navigation Reference system
gal. gallon
GAL General Astrodynamics Library
GALAXY Giga-bit Astronomical Large Array with cross connect, Japan
GALEX NASA GALaxy Evolution EXplorer
GAMA Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey
GAMA GPS Array for Mid-America, USA
GAMER GPU-accelerated Adaptive-MEsh-Refinement code
GAMIT Gps At MIT
GAO Central Astronomical Observatory at Pulkovo (Rus. Glavnaya (Pulkovskaya) Astronomicheskaya Observatoriya) of the Russian Academy of Sciences
GAO U.S. Government Accountability Office
GAO Main Astronomical Observatory (Ukr. Golovna Astronomichna Observatoriya) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
GAOUA Main Astronomical Observatory (Ukr. Golovna Astronomichna Observatoriya) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
GAPE Great Alaska and Pacific VLBI Experiment
GAPS GPS Analysis and Positioning Software (UNB)
G.A.R Great American Revolution (the War of Independence)
GARMA Generalized AutoRegressive Moving Average
GARNET GSI Advanced Radiotelescope Network, Japan
GARP Global Atmospheric Research Program
GARS German Antarctic Receiving Station O'Higgins, Antarctica
GARS German Antarctic Receiving Station
GAS GPS Analysis Software
GASP GPS Atmosphere Sounding Project, Germany
GASS Galactic All-Sky Survey
GAST Greenwich Apparent Sidereal Time
GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services
GAVO German Astrophysical Virtual Observatory
GAVRT Goldstone Apple Valley Radio Telescope
GAW Global Atmosphere Watch
Gb Gigabit
GB Gigabyte
GB Good Bye
GB Governing Board
GB Green Bank
GB Great Britain
GB United Kingdom (ISO code)
GB6 Green Bank 6cm Radio Survey
GBAS Ground-Based Augmentation Systems
GbE gigabit Ethernet
GBI NRAO Green Bank Interferometer
GBM GLAST Burst Monitor
GBOG Ground-Based Observations for Gaia
GBP Great Britain Pound
Gbps Gigabits per second
GBps Gigabytes per second
GBR GigaBit data Recorder
GBS Galactic Bulge Survey
GBSS Geodetic Base Station Software
GBT NRAO Green Bank Telescope, WV, USA
GBVOC Galactic Bulge Valinhos Observatory Catalog
GC General Catalog
GC Globular Cluster
GCC Global Climate Coalition
GCDC NASA/GSFC Global Change Data Center
GCGO Gilmore Creek Geophysical Observatory, Fairbanks, AK, USA
GCM General Circulation Model
GCM Global Circulation Model
GCOM-C Global Change Observation Mission-Climate satellite
GCOS Global Climate Observing System
GCPS Galactic Center P-band Survey
GCRF Gaia Celestial Reference Frame
GCRS Geocentric Celestial Reference System
GCS Global Citation Score
GCS Ground Control System (Galileo)
GCV Green Card Visa Organization, USA
GCVS General Catalog of Variable Stars
GD Geodetic Datum
GD Grenada (ISO code)
GDA Geocentric Datum of Australia
GDA Guideline Daily Amount
GDAS Global Data Assimilation System
GDC Global Data Center
GDGPS Global Differential GPS
GDI Graphical Device Interface
GDI+ Graphics Device Interface
GDL GNU Data Language
gdn Geo Domain Network
GDOP Geometric Dilution of Precision
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GDR Geophysical Data Record
GDR German Democratic Republic
GDRF Galactic Dynamical Reference Frame
GDSCC Goldstone Deep Space Communication Complex, Mojave Desert, CA, USA
GDSN Global Digital Seismograph Network
GD&T Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing
GE General Electric Co., USA
GE Georgia (ISO code)
GEA Grup d'Estudis Astronomics
GÉANT Development of the Network Infrastructure for pan-European Research
GEDEX GEodetic Demonstration EXperiment (HALCA mission)
GELL Geodesy Experiments for Lunar Landers
Gem Gemini (constellation)
GEMD Geospatial and Earth Monitoring Division, Geoscience Australia
GEMS NASA Goddard Earth Modeling System
GEMSTONE GEodetic Measurements by the collocation of Space Techniques ON Earth
Gen. General
GENESIS Global Environmental & Earth Science Information System
GENI Global Energy Network Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
GENJI Gamma-ray Emitting Notable AGN Monitoring by Japanese VLBI
GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit
GEO Geosynchronous Earth Orbit
GEO Group on Earth Observations
Geod. Geodesy
GeoDAF Geodetical Data Archive Facility, Matera, Italy
GeodIS Geodetic Information System, Germany
GEODSS Ground-based Electro-Optical Deep-Space Surveillance, USA
Geodyn. Geodynamics
GEOIDE GEOmatics for Informed DEcisions, Canada
GEONET GEOdynamic GPS NETworks, NZ
GEONET GPS Earth Observation NETwork, Japan
Geoph. Geophysical
Geophys. Geophysical
GEOS Geodetic and Earth Orbiting Satellite
GEOSS Gene Expression Open Source System
GEOSS Global Earth Observation System of Systems
GEOSAT GEOdesy SATellite
Geosci. Geoscience(s)
Ger. German
GES NASA GSFC Earth Sciences
GESS JPL Global Earthquake Satellite System
GEST Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology Center (GSFC)
GETEMME Gravity Experiment with TimE Metrology on Mars satEllites
GeTT Geodetic Time Transfer
GeV giga-electron volt
GEWEX Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment
GEX Gigabit EXperiment (VLBI, Japan)
GF French Guiana (ISO code)
GF Goals For (sport)
GFE Government Furnished Equipment
GFO GEOSAT Follow-On program
GFP GFZ Predicted orbit
GFZ GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Germany
GG Gravity Gradient
GGAO Goddard Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory, Greenbelt, MD, USA
GGF Global Geophysical Fluids
GGFC IERS Global Geophysical Fluids Center
GGK Get Genuine Kit
GGM Global Gravitational Model
GGM GRACE Gravity Model
GGN Global GPS network
GGOS Global Geodetic Observing System
GGP Global Geodynamics Project (Gravity)
GGRF Global Geodetic Reference Frame
GGSP Galileo Geodetic Service Provider
GGSS Geodetic and Geophysical Sites Subcommission
GGT Journal of Gökova Geometry/Topology
GGWA Get Genuine Windows Agreement
GH Ghana (ISO code)
GHA Greenwich Hour Angle
GHMA Greek Hellenic Mapping Agency
GHYRAF Gravity and HYdRology in AFrica
GHz gigahertz
GI Geological Institute, Russia
GI Geophysical Institute,University of Alaska, AK, USA
GI Gibraltar (ISO code)
GIA Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, AK, USA
GIA Glacial Isostatic Adjustment
GIAC GPS Interagency Advisory Council
GiB Gibibyte (2^30 bytes = 1024 mebibytes)
GIBN Global Interoperability of Broadband Networks
GIBS GPS Information and Observation System (Ger. GPS-Informations- und BeobachtungsSystem), Germany
GIC GPS Integrity Channel
GICO Giga-bit Correlator
GIF Graphic Image (Interchange) Format (CompuServe)
GIFS Global Interactive Forecasting System
GIFT Geophysical Information for Teachers
GIFT Gifu University Telescope, Japan
GIG GPS IERS and Geodynamics Experiment
GIGGOS Global Integrated Geodetic and Geodynamic Observing System
GIGO Garbage-In, Garbage-Out
GIGOLO Global Information on Gravity Over Land & Ocean
GILDAS Grenoble Image and Line Data Analysis Software
GIM Global Ionosphere Map (Model)
GIMP GNU Image Manipulation Program
GIMPS Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search
GINS Géodésie par Intégrations Numériques Simultanées
GIOVE Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element
GIPSY GPS-Inferred Positioning SYstem
GIQC Gaia Initial Quasar Catalog
GIS Geographic Information System (GeoInformation System)
GISS Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA
GIUA Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA
GIUB Geodetic Institute of the University of Bonn, Germany (now IGGB)
GJRO German-Japanese Earth Rotation Observations VLBI campaign
GJU Galileo Joint Undertaking
GK GoalKeeper (sport)
GL Geosciences Laboratory
GL Greenland (ISO code)
GLAS Geoscience Laser Altimeter System
GLAST Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope, has been renamed Fermi Gamma Ray Telescope
GLDAS NASA Global Land Data Assimilation System
GLESP Gauss--Legendre Sky Pixelization
GLI Global Imager
GLIMPSE Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire, Spitzer Space Telescope, JPL-CALTECH
GLOBE Global Land One-km Base Elevation Project
GLOBEC Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics
GLOF Glacier Lake Outburst Flood
GLONASS GLObal NAvigation Satellite System, Russia
GLORIA GLObal Radio Interferometry Analysis
GLOSS Global Sea Level Observing System
GLOSS Global Level Of the Sea Surface
GLOUP GLObal Undersea Pressure
GLRS Geodynamics Laser Ranging System
GLRS Geophysical Laser Ranging System
GLS GNSS Landing System
GLTN Goddard Laser Tracking Network, USA
GLU Générateur de Liens Uniformes
GLUT OpenGL Utility Toolkit
Gly gigalight-year
GM Gambia (ISO code)
GM General Motors
GM Grand Master (chess)
GM Gravity Model
GMA Geodetic Model of Australia
GMC General Motors Corporation
GMDN Global Muon Detector Network
GMDSS Global Maritime Distress & Safety System
GMEM Generalized Maximum Entropy Method
GMF Galactic Magnetic Field
GMF GeoMagnetic Field
GMF Global Mapping Function
GMM Geometric Mean Method
GMO Genetically Modified Organism
GMOS Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (UKATC/ROE)
GMRT Giant Meter-wave Radio Telescope, India
GMST Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time
GMT Generic Mapping Tools
GMT Giant Magellan Telescope
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GMVA Global Millimeter VLBI Array (Global mm-VLBI Array)
GN Guinea (ISO code)
GNAAC IGS Global Network Associate Analysis Center
GN&C Guidance, Navigation and Control
GN IGS Global Net International Geodinamic Service
GNO NASA/JPL GPS Networks and Operations Group
GNOG NASA/JPL GPS Networks and Operations Group
GNOS NASA/JPL GPS Network Operating System
GNRT NASA/JPL Generalized Near-Real Time
GNS Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, NZ
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System(s)
GNU GNU's Not Unix
GNZ Galaxies North field Z
GOCE Global Ocean Circulation Explorer (Gravity field and Ocean Circulation Explorer)
GO General Observer programs (SIRTF)
GODAE Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment
GODC NOAA Geosciences Laboratory Operational Data Center
GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite
GOF Goodness Of Fit
GO-ITS Government of Ontario Information & Technology Standards
GoMA Gulf of Maine Area program
GOME Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment
GOMOS Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars
GONG Global Oscillation Network Group, Tuscon, AZ, USA
GOODS Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey
GOOS Global Ocean Observing System
GOP Grand Old Party (US Republican Party)
GOPE Geodetic Observatory, Pecny, Ondrejov, Czech Republic
GORF Goddard Optical Research Facility, Greenbelt, MD, USA
GOSAT Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (JAXA)
GOT General Observing Time (VSOP)
GOT Goddard Ocean Tide model
GOTEX Global Orbit Tracking Experiment
GP Galactic Plane
GP Games Played
GP Grand Prix
GP Guadeloupe (ISO code)
GPA Grade Point Average
GPA Green Point Average
GP-B Gravity Probe B satellite
gpf gallon per flush
GPF General Protection Fault
GPIB General-Purpose Interface Bus
GPL GNU General Public License
GPM Global Precipitation Measurement
GPR Ground Penetrating Radar
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GPS Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum radio source
GPS Global Positioning System
GPSDR GPS Demonstration Receiver
GPSIC GPS Industry Council
GPSMET GPS METeorology mission
GPST GPS Time
GPT Global Preesure and Temperature model
GPT GUID Partition Table
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
GQ Equatorial Guinea (ISO code)
GR General Relativity
gr gram
GR Greece (ISO code)
GRA Geophysical Research Abstracts
GRACE Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment
GRAIL Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory
GRAPE GPS Range And Phase Data Processing for the Earth Sciences (software, IAA)
GRAPES GPS Regional Array for Precise Surveying/Physical Earth Science
GRAS George R. Agassiz VLBI Station, Ft. Davis, TX, USA (the same as HRAS)
GRASP Gamma-Ray Astronomy with Spectroscopy and Positioning (ESA)
GRASP Geodetic Reference Antenna in Space (JPL)
GRB Gamma-Ray Burst
GRBR Gamma-Ray Burst Remnant
GRC NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, USA
GREAT Gaia Research for European Astronomy Training
GREAT German Receiver for Astronomy at Terahertz Frequencies (SOFIA)
GREF German Geodetic Reference Network
GRELAS Dionysos Laser Station, Greece
GREM Gaia RElativistic Model
GRDL NOAA Geosciences Research and Development Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, USA
GRGS Groupe de Recherches de Géodésie Spatiale, France
GRIB2 WMO Gridded Binary Edition 2 data format
GRID Gamma-Ray Imaging Detector
GRIL GPS Receiver Interface Language
GRIM GPS Receiver Interface Module
GriPhyN Grid Physics Network
GRIPS Gamma-Ray Imaging, Polarimetry and Spectroscopy
GRL Geophysical Research Letters (journal)
GRMS Global Red Meat Standard
GROB HP-48sx Graphic Object
GROSS Geodynamics, Rotation of the Earth, Orbit determination Study Software
GRS Geocentric Reference System
GRS Geodetic Reference System
GRSS Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society
GRT General Relativity Theory
GRT Ground Radio Telescope
Gru Grus (constellation)
GS General Secretary
GS Geochemical Society
GS General Schedule (U.S. Federal Wage System)
GS South Georgia and the South Sandwich Island (ISO code)
GSA European GNSS Agency (formerly European GNSS Supervisory Authority)
GSA Geological Society of America
GSAC GPS Seamless Archive Center
GSC Geological Survey of Canada
GSC Guide Star Catalog
GSD NRCan Geodetic Survey Division
GSET Global Scale of English Test
GSF Gross Square Feet
GSFC NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
GSI Geographical Survey Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
GSI GeoSpatial Information Authority of Japan, Tsukuba, Japan
GSJ Geological Survey of Japan
GSL Global Sea Level
GSL GNU Scientific Library
GSM Global System for Mobile communications (initially Group System Mobile)
GSM Google Scholar Metrics
GSN GCOS Surface Network
GSN Global Seismographic Network
GSO GeoStationary Orbit
GSOC German Space Operations Center, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
GSS Geodetic Survey Squadron
GSSF Galileo System Simulation Facility
GST Gaia Science Team
GST Galileo System Time
GST Greenwich Sidereal Time
GST Goods and Services Tax
GSTB Galileo System Test Bed
GSTS Global Space telescope Schedule
GT Gabor Transform
Gt gigaton
GT Guatemala (ISO code)
GTC Gran Telescopio Canarias
GTE General Telephone and Electric, USA
GTO Geostationary Transfer Orbit
GTO Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit
GTO Guaranteed Time Observations
GTOS Global Terrestrial Observing System
GTRF Galileo Terrestrial Reference Frame
GTRI Georgia Tech Research Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
GTS Geologic Time Scale
GTSN Global Telemetered Seismograph Network
GU Guam (ISO code)
GUAN GCOS Upper-Air Network
GUI Graphical User Interface
GUID Globally Unique IDentifier
GUM Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurements
GUT Grand Unified Theory
GUTS Global and high accUracy Trajectory determination System (NASDA)
GVH Geo-VLBI Handler
GVRF Global Vertical Reference Frame
GVRS Global Vertical Reference System
GVWG Global VLBI Working Group (URSI Commission J)
GVWGTWG GVWG Technical Working Group
GW George Washington
GW Gravitational Waves
GW Guinea-Bissau (ISO code)
GWE Gravitational Wave Experiment (Cassini mission)
GWEN Ground Wave Emergency Network
GWS Great White Spot
Gy gray
GY Guyana (ISO code)
Gyr gigayears
GZ GEOZUP Company, Moscow, Russia
GZK Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin limit
H Height
H henry
h hour
HA Hour Angle
HAARP High frequency Active Auroral Research Program
HAe Herbig Ae stars
HAeBe Herbig Ae/Be stars
HALCA Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy satellite, Japan
HAM Hydrological Angular Momentum
HAMK Hispano-Argentinean Meridian Catalogue
HAMT Human Aided Machine Translation
HAND Nave A Nice Day
HA-NDGPS High Accuracy - Nationwide Differential GPS, USA
HAO NCAR High Altitude Observatory, Boulder, CO, USA
HARN High Accuracy Reference Network
HARPS High Accuracy Radial velocity Planetary Search (ESO)
HartRAO Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory, South Africa
HAST U.S. Hawaiian Standard Time (UTC - 10h)
HAVAGO Horizontal and Vertical Adjustment of Geodetic Observations
HB Hewitt - Burbidge
HBe Herbig Be stars
HBO "Home Box Office"
HBR High Bit Rate
h.c. by reason of honor (Lat. honoris causa)
HC Hard Copy
HC High Cube container
HC House of Commons
HCDN USGS Hydro-Climatic Data Network
HCG Hickson Compact Group
HCI Human-Computer Interaction
HCL Windows Hardware Compatibility List
HCRF HIPPARCOS Celestial Reference Frame
HD Hard Disk
HD Henry Draper catalog
HD High Definition
HD High Density
HDAM Hierarchical Direct Access Method
HDD Hard Disk Drive
HDF Hierarchical Data Format
HDF Hubble Deep Field
HDF-S Hubble Deep Field - South
HDJ Hydrographic Department, Japan
HDL Hardware Description Language
HDLC High-level Data Link Control
HDOP Horizontal Dilution of Precision
HDR High-data-rate
HDS High Dispersion Spectrograph (Subaru telescope)
HDSL High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line
HDT U.S. Hawaiian Daylight Time (UTC - 9h)
HDT High Density Tape
HDTV High-Definition TeleVision
HDW Hofner - Delgado - Whitney
HDXM Hydrological Discharge eXtended Model
HE His/Her Eminence
HE His/Her Excellency
HEALPix Hierarchical Equal Area isoLatitude Pixelisation of the sphere
HEASARC GSFC High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center
HEFC Higher Education Funding Council
HEI Higher Education Institute
HEMT High Electron Mobility Transistor
HENP High-Energy Nuclear Physics
HEO High-Earth Orbit
HEO Highly Elliptical Orbit
HEP High Energy Physics
HEPnet High Energy Physics Network
Her Hercules (constellation)
HES Herbig Emission (Emission-line) stars
HESS High Energy Stereoscopic System
HESS Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS-D Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions (journal)
HESSI NASA High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager spacecraft (now RHESSI)
HET Hobby Eberly Telescope, McDonald Observatory, TX, USA
HETDEX Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment
HETE NASA High Energy Transient Experiment
HETE NASA High Energy Transient Explorer
HF High Frequency
HFET Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor
HFP High Frequency Peaker
HFS Hierarchical File System
HFS HTTP File Server
HFS HyperFine Structure
hgt. height
HGW Hayward - Grasdalen - Woodward
HHT Heinrich Hertz Telescope, AZ, USA
HHT Hilbert-Huang Transform
HI Hawaii
HI Heat Index
HIA Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, Canada
HiCIAO High Contrast Instrument for the Subaru next generation Adaptive Optics
HIDAM Hierarchical Indexed Direct Access Method
HIPASS HI Parkes All-Sky Survey
HiPEP High Power Electric Propulsion engine
HIPPARCOS HIgh Precision PARallax COllecting Satellite
HIRAN High Rate Navigation
HiRISE High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter)
HIRLAM High Resolution Limited Area Modelling
HISAM Hierarchical Indexed Sequential Access Method
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HK Hong kong (ISO code)
HKMetS Hong Kong Meteorological Society
HKT Hong Kong Time (UTC + 8h)
HL House of Lords
HLS High Luminosity Stars
HM Heard and MC Donald Islands (ISO code)
HM His/Her Majesty
HMC Hydrogen Maser Clock
HMNAO Her Majesty's Nautical Almanac Office, UK
HMF Haystack Mapping Function
HMI Human-Machine Interface
HMQ Half Million Quasars catalog
HN Honduras (ISO code)
HO MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, USA
HOGC Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography (GUGiK), Warsaw, Poland
HOLLAS Haleakala Laser Station, Maui, HI, USA
HOPLAS Mount Hopkins Laser Station, Mt. Hopkins, AZ, USA
HOPS Haystack Observatory Postprocessing System
Hor Horologium (constellation)
HOU Hands-On Universe
HOW Hand Over World
HP Helicobacter Pylori
HP Hewlett Packard
HP Home Page
hp horsepower
hPa hectopascal
HPBW Half-Power BeamWidth
H/PC Handheld PC
HPC High Performance Computing
HPF High Pass Filter
HPNA Home Phone Network Adapter
HQ Headquarters
HR Revised Harvard Photometry, the same as RHP
HR Croatia (local name: Hrvatska) (ISO code)
hr hour
HR House of Representatives
HR Human Resources
HRAO Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory, South Africa
HRAS Harvard Radio Astronomy Station, Ft. Davis, TX, USA (the same as GRAS)
HRCC Human Resources Canada Center
HREE Heavy Rare Earth Elements
HREF Hypertext Reference
HRF Hitachi Raster Format
hrs hours
HRT Healey - Romani - Taylor
HS High School
HSA Hilbert Spectral Analysis
HSA NRAO High Sensitivity Array
HSAM Hierarchical Sequential Access Method
HSCSD High-Speed Circuit Switched Data
HSF Human SpaceFlight
HSI Handmade Software, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA
HSPD Homeland Security Presidental Directive, USA
HST U.S. Hawaiian Standard Time (UTC - 10h)
HST Hubble Space Telescope
HSTCP High-Speed TCP
HSTDN Hawaii Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network
HT Haiti (ISO code)
HT HalfTime (sport)
HT Hilbert Transform
HTC HTC Corporation, formerly High Tech Computer Corporation
HTC Hydrographic and Topographic Center
HTDP Horizontal Time Dependent Positioning
HTH Hope This Helps
HTM Hierarchical Triangular Mesh
HTML HyperText Markup Language
HTRP High Time Resolution Processor (NRAO, VLA)
HTS High-Temperature Superconductor
HTSI Honeywell Technology Solutions, Inc., USA
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HU Hungary (ISO code)
HUDF Hubble Ultra Deep Field
HUT Helsinki University of Technology
HUT Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope
HVS Hyper-Velocity Star
H/W Hardware
HW Hartmann and Wenzel tidal potential catalogue
HWHM Half Width at Half Maximum
HWT Harmonic Wavelet Transform
Hwy Highway
Hya Hydra (constellation)
Hyi Hydrus (constellation)
Hz hertz
I Infrared
I Island
i.a. in absentia
IA Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
IA Iowa
IAA Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, ULB, Bruxelles, Belgique
IAA Institute of Applied Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg, Russia
IAA Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucí, Granada, Spain
IAA International Academy of Astronautics
IAAC IGS Ionosphere Associate Analysis Center
IAAF International Amateur Athletic Federation
IAC Information-Analytical Center, Korolyov, Russia (former MCC)
IAC Instituto de Astrofisika de Canarias, Spain
IAC International Astronautical Congress
IACC International Advanced Correlator Consortium
IACC IGS Ionosphere Associate Combination Center
IACT Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope
IACG Inter Agency Committee on Geomatics, Canada
IADA Intelligent Assistant for Data Analysis in VLBI
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IAF International Astronautical Federation
IAG International Association of Geodesy
IAGA International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
IAGBN International Absolute Gravity Base-station Network
IAGC International Association of Geophysical Contractors
IAHS International Association of Hydrological Sciences
IAI Independent Administrative Institute, Japan
IAIN International Association of Institutes of Navigation
IALA International Association of [Marine Aids to Navigation and] Lighthouse Authorities
IAMAS International Association of Meteorological and Atmospheric Sciences
IAMG International Association for Mathematical Geology
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
IAO International Astronomy Olympiad
IAP Institut Astrophysique de Paris
IAPCO International Association of Professional Congress Organizers
IAPG Institut für Astronomische und Physikalische Geodäsie, TUM, Munich, Germany
IAPS International Association of Planetary Sciences
IAPSO International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Ocean
IARAS Institute of Astronomy, Moscow, Russia
IARC International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, AK, USA
IARU International Amateur Radio Union
IAS Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Paris, France
IAS Institute of Aerospace Science, USA
IAS International Altimetry Service
IASF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, INAF, Milan, Italy
IASOM Institute for Advanced Searches in Orbital Mechanics, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
IASPEI International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior
IAT International Atomic Time (Fr. Temps Atomique International), the same as TAI
IATA International Air Transport Association
IAU International Association of Universities
IAU International Astronomical Union
IAVC IGS Ionosphere Associate Validation Center
IAVCEI International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior
IB Information Bulletin
IB Inverted Barometer (geophysics)
IBEX Interstellar Boundary Explorer or IBEX
ibid. in the same book, journal, etc. (Lat. ibidem)
IBGE Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia de Estatistica, Brazil
IBM International Business Machines Corp., USA
IBO Inverted Barometric Ocean
iBOB Interconnect Break-Out Board
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
IBS International Bibliographic Service
IBS IAG Bibliographic Service
IBTA International Basement Tectonics Association
IBVS Information Bulletin on Variable Stars
IC Index Copernicus
IC Inner Core
ICA Independent Component Analysis
ICA International Cartographic Association
ICAG International Comparison of Absolute Gravimeters campaign
ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ICARE Interactions Clouds Aerosols Radiations Etc
ICB Inner Core Boundary
ICBM InterContinental Ballistic Missile
ICC Institut Cartografic de Catalunya, Barselona, Spain
ICC InterCommission Committee
ICC International Criminal Court
ICCD Intensified Charged Coupled Device
ICCG Interagency Coordinating Committee for Geodynamics
ICCG Interagency Coordinating Committee on Groundwater
ICCG International Conference on Computer Graphics
ICCT InterCommission Committee on Theory (IAG)
ICDP International Continental Scientific Drilling Program
ICE Image Correction and Enhancement
ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
ICESat Ice, Cloud, & land Elevation Satellite
ICET International Center for Earth Tides, ROB, Brussels, Belgium
ICF Integrity Control Facility (Galileo)
ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
ICG International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems
ICG Inter-Union Commission of Geodynamics
ICGEM International Center for Global Earth Models, GFZ, Potsdam, Germany
ICH I/O Controller Hub
ICHA Inter-Union Commission for History of Astronomy
ICIAM International Council of Industrial and Applied Mathematics
ICL International Computers Ltd., UK
ICL IntraCluster Light
ICM International Congress of Mathematicians
ICM Intra-Cluster Medium
ICME Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
ICO Intermediate Circular Orbit
ICoMM International Census of Marine Microbes
ICOS IC Optical Systems
ICQ I seek you
ICR Invoice Cum Receipt
ICRAR International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Australia
ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross
ICRF International (IERS) Celestial Reference Frame
ICRF Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency
ICRF Israel Cancer Research Fund
ICRS International (IERS) Celestial Reference System
ICS International Commission on Stratigraphy
ICST International Conference of Space Technology
ICSTI International Council for Scientific and Technical Information
ICSU International Council for Science (formerly the International Council of Scientific Unions)
ICT Information & Communication Technologies
ICTP International Center for Theoretical Physics
ICTYC International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
ICV Index Copernicus Value
ICW Inner Core Wobble
ICYW In Case You're Wondering
ID Idaho
id. idem
ID Identification
ID Indonesia (ISO code)
IDA International Dark-sky Association
IDA IRIS/SIO International Deployment of Accelerometers
IDEOS Infrared Database of Extragalactic Observables from Spitzer
IDDN Integrity Data Dissemination Network (Galileo)
IDE Integrated Drive Electronics (the same as ATA)
IDE Integrated Development Environment
IDEAL International Digital Electronic Access Library
IDEAL Investigation of the Dynamics of the Euro-Asian Litosphere
IDEMS Integration & Development of Environmental Management, Italy
IDEMS International DEM Service, Montfort University, UK
IDEOS Infrared Database of Extragalactic Observables from Spitzer
IDEX Leica Independent Data Exchange Format
IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation
IDIQ Indefinite Delivery / Indefinite Quantity
IDL Interactive Data Language
IDM PNT Interference detection and Mitigation plan, USA
IDP Interplanetary Dust Particle
IDS Index Catalogue of Visual Double Stars
IDS International DORIS Service
IDSF International Dance Sport Federation
IDU In-Door-Unit
IDV IntraDay Variability
IE Ireland (ISO code)
IE Microsoft Internet Explorer
i.e. that is (Lat. id est)
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEC Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
IEE Institute of Electrical Engineers
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IELTS International English Language Testing System
IEN Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris, Torino, Italy
IEPT International Institute for Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics
IERS International Earth Rotation Service (till 2003)
IERS International Earth rotation and Reference systems Service (since 2003)
IESAS Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
IESG Internet Engineering Steering Group
IESSG Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy, University of Nottingham, UK
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IF Impact Factor
IF Intermediate Frequency
IfA Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, HI, USA
IfAG Institut für Angewandte Geodäsie, Frankfurt, Germany (now BKG)
IFB Interruptible FeedBack (FoldBack)
IFB Invitation For Bid
IFC Intel Fortran Compiler
IFC Intensive Field Campaign
IfE Institut für Erdmessung, Hannover, Germany
IfEN Institut für Erdmessung und Navigation, Munich, Germany
IFF Interchange File Format (Amiga)
IFFHS International Federation of Football History & Statistics
IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transformation
IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
IFL Intra-Facility Link
IFMP NASA Integrated Financial Management Program
IFN French Institute of Navigation (Fr. Institut Francais de Navigation)
IFOV Instantaneous Field-of-View
IFRB International Frequency Registration Board, ITU
IFREMER Institut Francais de Recherche et d'Exploitation de la MER
IFRTP Institut Francais pour la Recherche et la Technologie Polaire
IFS Installable File System Manager
IFU Integral Field Unit
IG Institut de Geomatica, Castelldefels, Spain
IG Institute of Geological Sciences, Vietnam National Center for Natural Science and Technology
IGARSS International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Program
IGBS International Bibliographic Service for Geodesy
IGC International Gravity Commission
IGEB Interagency GPS Executive Board
IGeS International Geoid Services, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
IGEX International GLONASS EXperiment
IGFS International Gravity Field Service
IGFN Italian GPS Fiducial Network
IGG Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, VUT, Vienna, Austria
IGGA Institute of Geodesy and Geodetical Astronomy, WUT, Poland
IGGB Institute for Geodesy and Geoinformation of the University of Bonn, Germany (formerly GIUB)
IGGC International Gravity and Geoid Commission
IGGOS Integrated Global Geodetic Observing System
IGiK Institute of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland
IGLOS International GLONASS Service
IGM Instituto Geografico Militar, Chile
IGM Instituto Geografico Militare, Italy
IGM Intergalactic Medium
IGMASS International Global Monitoring AeroSpace System
IGN National Geographical Institute (Fr. Institut Geographique National), Paris, France
IGN National Geographical Institute (Sp. Instituto Geografico Nacional), Spain
IGNE National Geographical Institute of Spain (Sp. Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España), Spain
IGNS Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, NZ
IGOS Integrated Global Observing Strategy
IGOS-P Integrated Global Observing Strategy Partnership
IGP IGS predicted (orbit, ERP)
IGPP Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, La Jolla, CA, USA
IGR IGS rapid (orbit, ERP)
IGRF International Geomagnetic Reference Frame
IGS International GPS Service for Geodynamics (before January 1999)
IGS International GPS Service (since January 1999, before March 2005)
IGS International GNSS Service (since March 2005)
IGSCB IGS Central Bureau
IGSO International Geodetic Students Organization
IGU International Geographical Union
IGY International Geophysical Year
IHO International Hydrographic Organization
IHT International Herald Tribune
IHU I Hear U
IHY International Heliophysical Year
i.i.d. independent and identically distributed
IID Interface Identifier
IIEPTMG International Institute for Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics
IIIS International Institute of Informatics and Systemics
IIN Italian Institute of Navigation (It. Instituto Italiano di Navigazione)
IIR Infinite Impulse Response
IIRC If I Recall (Remember, Recollect) Correctly
IIS Internet Information Service
IISC Indian Institute of Science, Center for Mathematical Modeling and Computer Simulation, Bangalore, India
IISC CGSIC International Information Sub-Committee
IISGEO International Institute for Space Geodesy and Earth Observation
IISL International Institute of Space Law
IIT Image-Intensifier Tube
IJGA International Journal of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
IL Illinois
IL Intermediate Language
IL Israel (ISO code)
ILA International Loran Association
ILBM InterLeaved BitMap
ILC International Linear Collider
Ill. Illinois
ILMT International Liquid Mirror Telescope
ILOM International Latitude Observatory Mizusawa, Japan (now NAOMZ)
ILOM In-situ Lunar Orientation Measurement (SELENE2)
ILP International Lithosphere Program
ILRS International Laser Ranging Service
ILS Instrument Landing System
ILS International Latitude Service
ILWS International Living With a Star
IMAGE Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration satellite
IMAGE Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment
IMC Instrument Meteorological Conditions
IMCCE Institut de Mecanique Celeste et de Calcul des Ephemerides, OPA, France
IMDb Internet Movie Database
IME In My Experience
IME Input Method Editor
IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity
IMF Initial Mass Function
IMF International Monetary Fund
IMF Interplanetary Magnetic Field
IMF Intrinsic Mode Functions
IMF Isobaric Mapping Function
IMFh Isobaric Mapping Function, hydrostatic component
IMFw Isobaric Mapping Function, wet component
IMHO In My Humble Opinion
IMHO Internet Media HOuse Russia
IMO In My Opinion
IMO International Maritime Organization
IMO International Mathematical Olympiad
IMPRS International Max Planck Research School
IMRAD Introduction, Methods, Results, And Discussion
IMS Information Management System
IMS Institute of Mathematical Statistics
IMS Integrity Monitoring Station (Galileo)
IMSL International Mathematical and Statistical Libraries, Inc., Huston, USA
IMT International Mobile Telecommunications
IMU Inertial Measurement Unit
IMU International Mathematical Union
IMVP Institute of Metrology for Time and Space, Moscow, Russia
in inch
IN India (ISO code)
IN Indiana
INAF National Institute of Astrophysics (It. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica), Milan, Italy
INASAN Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
INASP International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications
Inc. Incorporated
INKSNA Iran, North Korea and Syria Nonproliferation Act
Ind. Indiana
Ind Indus (constellation)
IND JPL Interplanetary Network Directorate
INDIGO INter-service Data Integration for Geodetic Operations
INDIS Information Dissemination in European RTD
INE Spain Institute of Navigation (Sp. Instituto de Navegation de Espana)
INEGI Instituto Nacional de Estadistica Geografia e Informatica, Mexico
Inf. Information
INFN National Institute of Nuclear Physics (It. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare), Roma, Italy
Ing. Engineer (Germ. Ingenieur)
InGaAs Indium-Gallium-Arsenide
INGEOMINAS National Institute in Geosciences, Mining and Chemistry, Colombia
INGM National Institute in Geosciences, Mining and Chemistry, Colombia
INGV National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology (It. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia), Roma, Italy
INI Isaac Newton Institute
INMARSAT INternational MARitime SATellite organization
I-NMF Integrity Network Management Facility (Galileo)
INN InterNetNews package
INPE National Institute of Space Research (Pg. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais), Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
INPOP Planetary Numerical Integration of Paris Observatory (Fr. Intégrateur Numérique Planétaire de l'Observatoire de Paris)
INQUA International Union for Quaternary Research, University of London, UK
INRiM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Torino, Italy
IRNSS Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
INS U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (now part of DHS)
INS Inertial Navigation System
Ins. Inspector
INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquees, Toulouse, France
INSAR Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar
Insp. Inspector
INSPIRE INfrastructure for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe
Inst. Institute
INSTICC Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication, Portugal
INSU Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Paris, France
Int. International
INT Isaac Newton Telescope
INTA National Institute for Aerospace Technology (Sp. Instituto Nacional de Technica Aeroespacial), Spain
INTAS International Association for the Promotion of Cooperation with Scientists from the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union
INTEGRAL INTErnational Gamma Ray Astrophysical Laboratory
INTELSAT INternational TELecommunication SATellite
INTERMAGNET INTErnational Real-time MAGnetic observatory NETwork
Intern. International
Intl. International
INTOR INternational TOkamak Reactor
IO British Indian Ocean Territory (ISO code)
I/O Input/Output
IOC Initial Operational Capability
IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO)
IOC International Olympic Committee
IODP Integrated Ocean Drilling Program
IOM Institute of Medicine, USA
ION Institute of Navigation, USA
ION-CH Swiss Institute of Navigation
IONEX IONospheric map EXchange format
IONMON ESOC Ionosphere Monitoring Facility software
IoP Institute of Physics
IOPS Input-Outputs Per Second
IOR Indian Ocean Region INMARSAT satellite
IORA Indian Ocean Rim Association
IOR-ARC Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Co-operation
IOS I/O Supervisor
IoT Internet of Things
IOTA Infrared Optical Telescope Array
IOTA International Occultation Timing Association
IOV In-Orbit Validation (Galileo)
IP Intellectual Property
IP Internet Protocol
IP Internet Provider
IPA International Phonetic Alphabet
IPA International Police Academy
IPAC NASA Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
IPACES International Professionals for Advancement of Chinese Earth Sciences
IPAD Internet Personal Access Device
IPC International Paralympic Committee
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPCS Image Proton Counting System
IPDA International Planetary Data Alliance
IPF Integrity Processing Facility (Galileo)
IPGP Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, France
IPHAS INT Photometric H-Alpha Survey
IPIE Institute for Precision Instrument Engineering, Moscow, Russia
IPMS International Polar Motion Service
IPN InterPlanetary Network
I-PNNI Integrated Private Network-to-Network Interface
IPO Initial Public Offering
IPO Integrated Program Office
IPO Intellectual Property Owner
IPP Innovative Partnership Program, NASA
IPPO Innovative Partnership Program Office, NASA
IPR Instantaneous Pole of Rotation
IPRG Institute for Petroleum Research and Geophysics, Israel
IPS In-Plane Switching
IPS InterPlanetary Superhighway
IPS InterPlanetary Scintillation
IPv4/6 Internet Protocol version 4/6
IPWV Integrated Precipitable Water Vapor
IPY International Polar Year
I/Q Inphase and Quadrature
IQ Intelligence quotient
IQ Iraq (ISO code)
i.q. the same as (Lat. idem quod)
IR Infra-Red
IR Islamic Republic of Iran (ISO code)
IRA Institute of Radio Astronomy (It. Istituto di Radioastronomia), Bologna, Italy
IRA Irish Republican Army
IRAC Infrared Array Camera (SIRTF)
IRAF Image Reduction and Analysis Facility
IRAIT International Robotic Antarctic Infrared Telescope
IRAM Instituto de RadioAstronomia Milimetrica, Spain
IRAO International Radioastronomical Observatory "Suffa", Uzbekistan
IRAS IPAC Infrared Astronomical Satellite
IRC International Research Council (later ICSU, ICS)
IRC Internet Relay Chat
IRCS Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (Subaru telescope)
IRE Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics, India
IRFC IGS Reference Frame Coordinator
IRI International Reference Ionosphere
IRI International Resource Identifier
IRIS Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology, USA
IRIS International Radio Interferometric Surveying
IRIS-A International Radio Interferometric Surveying - Atlantic
IRIS-P International Radio Interferometric Surveying - Pacific
IRIS-S International Radio Interferometric Surveying - Southern hemisphere
IRM IERS Reference Meridian
IRP IERS Reference Pole
IRQ Interrupt Request
IRS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
IRS Inertial Reference System
IRS InfraRed Spectrograph (SIRTF)
IRS U.S. Internal Revenue Service
IRS International Reference Stars
IRSA IPAC Infrared Science Archives
IRSR AUT Institute for Radiophysics and Space Research, Auckland, NZ
IRTF Infrared Telescope Facility, IfA, HI, USA
IRTS Infrared Telescope in Space
IRV Inter-Range Vector (SLR)
IS Iceland (ISO code)
IS Interface Specification
ISA Industry Standard Architecture
ISA Instruction Set Architecture
ISAAC Infrared Spectrometer And Array Camera, VLT, Paranal Observatory, Chile
ISAM Indexed Sequential Access Method
ISAPI Internet Server API
ISAR Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar
ISAS Institute for Space and Astronautical Science, Sagamihara, Japan (now JAXA)
ISBN International Standard Book Number
ISC Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.
ISCCP International Cloud Satellite Climatology Project
ISCEA Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network (Integrated Synchronous Digital Network)
ISEE International Sun-Earth Explorer
ISES