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×ã ,Òßfl êÒâÜÀi ,ÛÛßÀi âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ äÞÜÒê ûãÞÜÒ~ÜãØ âÛâêÒßÀ â âêãßÒêÛ~ÒâÝÛßÛ ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝßÛ ,ÛÛßãÒ äãÞãÚÒÜÛÒ äãâÞÒÜÛi ÛÑßÒÜflÒêâfl ÛÑ-Ñ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã,, Û êÝÛß ãÇÑãß, êÛ fl,ÞÒÜÛfl ßã,,ëê âÞëÚÛêÈ êÒâêãß ãÇÒØ êÒãÛÛ ãêÜãâÛêÒÞÈÜãâêÛ, ~êã Û ÇÀÞã ëâäÒ?Üã äãÒßãÜâêÛã,Üã , ÝâäÒÛßÒÜêi 1988 Û 2002 ,,,,. äã ÛÑßÒÒÜÛ âßÒÒÜÛØ ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝã, ,ã ,Òßfl âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ â ?äÛêÒãß. ÔÜÞÛÑ, äã,ÒÒÜÜÀØ , ÜâêãflÒØ ÇãêÒ, äãÝÑÞ, ~êã äÛ ÜÇÞÒÜÛÛ Ûâêã~ÜÛÝ ,ÇÞÛÑÛ Ýfl äÞÜÒêÜã,,ã ÛâÝ, éÝêÛ~ÒâÝÛ ,ã ,Òßfl äãÝÀêÛØ, ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛØ ééÒÝê ßãÚÒê ÇÀêÈ ÛÑßÒÒÜ Ü âã,ÒßÒÜÜãß ëã,ÜÒ êã~ÜãâêÛ Þfl ,âÒi äÞÜÒê. ùÜÝã äãÝÀêÛfl ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝã, ã,ãÞÈÜã ÒÝÛÒ fl,ÞÒÜÛfl. × êã ÚÒ ,Òßfl ÛÑ ,âÒi äÞÜÒê êãÞÈÝã ?äÛêÒ Û ûêëÜ ê ÑÜ~ÛßÀØ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛØ ééÒÝê äÛ Ûi ë,,Þã,ãß âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛÛ â ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝãß Ü ââêãflÜÛÒ ÜÒâÝãÞÈÝÛi Ûëâã, äÞÜÒêÀ. × ÒÑëÞÈêêÒ Ü?Ò,,ã ÜÞÛÑ âãâê,ÞÒÜ ÝêÞã,, äÒâêãflÛi äãÝÀêÛØ Û âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ äÞÜÒê Û ,,ÒãÒÑÛ~ÒâÝÛi ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝã, Ü 2008-2050 ,,,,., ÝãêãÀØ ßãÚÒê ÇÀêÈ ÛâäãÞÈÑã,Ü Þfl äÞÜÛã,ÜÛfl ÝâäÒÛßÒÜêã, äã êÒâêÛã,ÜÛ êÒãÛØ ,,,Ûê^ÛÛ Û , ë,,Ûi ^ÒÞfli. áÞfl ,âÒi ,ã?Ò?Ûi , ÝêÞã,, fl,ÞÒÜÛØ ââ~ÛêÜÀ ãâÜã,ÜÀÒ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛÒ äãä,ÝÛ Þfl ÜÑÒßÜÀi Û ÝãâßÛ~ÒâÝÛi (ñÒßÞfl-óëÜ) ÇÑ ÛÜêÒéÒãßÒê. PACS: 04.80.Cc, 95.10.Gi, 95.75.Kk

××æáæ÷ðæ ô ÜâêãflÒßë ,ÒßÒÜÛ ÝãßÒ ãÇÒäÛÜflêãØ , âÒÒ éÛÑÛÝã, Û âêãÜãßã, ãÇÒØ êÒãÛÛ ãêÜãâÛêÒÞÈÜãâêÛ (ùýù) äÒÞãÚÒÜÀ ÞÈêÒÜêÛ,ÜÀÒ êÒãÛÛ ,,,Ûê^ÛÛ. ÷ÛÇãÞÒÒ âÒÈÒÑÜÀÒ ÛÑ ÜÛi ÜÒ äãêÛ,ãÒ~ê ÛßÒÛßâfl ÜÇÞêÒÞÈÜÀß éÝêß, ãÜÝã äã,,ÜãÑÛëê ãêÞÛ~ÛÒ ééÒÝêã, ãê ùýù äÛ ëâÞã,Ûfli, ãêÞÛ~Ûiâfl ãê ÜÇÞÒßÀi ã âÛi äã, ÞÛÇã äÒâÝÑÀ,ê ãêÞÛ~ÛÒ ÜÇÞÒßÀi ,ÒÞÛ~ÛÜ ãê ùýù Ñ äÒÒÞßÛ ãâêÛ,,ÜëêãØ êã~ÜãâêÛ ÜÇÞÒÜÛØ. øãêãßë êÒâêÛã,ÜÛÒ êÒãÛØ ,,,Ûê^ÛÛ â ÛâäãÞÈÑã,ÜÛÒß ÑÜÀi ßÒêãã, Û ,âÒ ÇãÞÒÒ êã~ÜÀi ÜÇÞÒÜÛØ fl,ÞflÒêâfl ,ÒâÈß ÝêëÞÈÜãØ âêãÜãßÛ~ÒâÝãØ Û éÛÑÛ~ÒâÝãØ Ñ~ÒØ. ùÜÛß ÛÑ äÒÞãÚÒÜÜÀi êÒâêã, ùýù fl,Þflêâfl ÜÇÞÒÜÛfl ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝã, ßÒêããß ÛãÛÜêÒéÒãßÒêÛÛ âã â,ÒiÞÛÜÜÀßÛ ÇÑßÛ (úûáÕ) , ßãßÒÜêÀ Ûi ,ÛÛßÀi êÒâÜÀi âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ â äÞÜÒêßÛ ûãÞÜÒ~ÜãØ âÛâêÒßÀ (Treuhaft, Lowe, 1991; Kopeikin, 2001; Fomalont, Kopeikin, 2003; 2008). × ~âêÜãâêÛ, , êÛi Çãêi ãäÛâÜÀ ÜÇÞÒÜÛfl ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝãØ ÑÒÚÝÛ âÛ,,ÜÞ ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝ , ßãßÒÜêÀ ÇÞÛÑÝã,,ã äãiãÚÒÜÛfl ?äÛêÒ , 1988 Û 2002 ,,,,. ÔÜÞã,,Û~ÜÀÒ ÜÇÞÒÜÛfl ?äÛêÒ Û ûêëÜ äã äÒÞãÚÒÜÛ ù.Ô. ýÛêã, äÞÜÛëêâfl ôãßÛêÒêãß äã ÜÇÞêÒÞÈÜÀß äã,,ßßß õÒÚëÜãÜãØ âÞëÚÇÀ úûáÕ Þfl ,,ÒãÒÑÛÛ Û âêãßÒêÛÛ IVS (Schl?ter, Behrend, 2007) , 2008-2009 ,,,,. (http:// ivscc.gsfc.nasa.gov/program/opc.html). ùÜÝã ãÇÇãêÝ ÒÑëÞÈêêã, ëÚÒ äã,ÒÒÜÜÀi ÝâäÒÛßÒÜêã,

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ýÇÞÛ^ 1. õÝâÛßÞÈÜfl ,ÒÞÛ~ÛÜ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã, äÛ ÜÇÞÒÜÛÛ Ü Ý äÞÜÒêÜã,,ã ÛâÝ ÕÑ, êÀâ. Ýß ?ééÒÝê, Üc õÒÝëÛØ ×ÒÜÒ 8 P 400 P 0.01 0.15 0.5 7.3 0.06 0.32 3.2 16 õâ 0.02 0.13 0.75 6.7 ?äÛêÒ 2.1 1.2 110 62 ûêëÜ 0.77 0.68 39 34 üÜ 0.27 0.73 14 37 ÷ÒäêëÜ 0.33 1.14 16 57 øÞëêãÜ 0.00 0.09 0.05 4.3

ýÇÞÛ^ 2. ×ÒÞÛ~ÛÜ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã, äÛ ëÞÒÜÛÛ ^ÒÜê äÞÜÒêÀ ãê ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝ Ü 30 ÕÑ, êÀâ. Ýß ?ééÒÝê, Üâ õÒÝëÛØ ×ÒÜÒ 8 400 P P 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.51 0.41 õâ 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.03 ?äÛêÒ 1.1 0.33 56 17 ûêëÜ 0.20 0.04 9.8 2.2 üÜ 0.02 0.00 0.78 0.12 ÷ÒäêëÜ 0.01 0.00 0.60 0.08 øÞëêãÜ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Üã,,ã Û ÜÒÚÜã,,ã äÞÜÛã,ÜÛfl ÜÇÞÒÜÛØ. × äã^ÒââÒ ÇãêÀ ãÝÑÞãâÈ, ~êã ,Ò, â~Ûê,?ÛÒâfl ã~Ò,ÛÜÀßÛ iÝêÒÛâêÛÝÛ äããÇÜÀi ÝâäÒÛßÒÜêã, fl,Þflêâfl ã?ÛÇã~ÜÀßÛ. ×ã-äÒ,Ài, êÝÛÒ fl,ÞÒÜÛfl äãÛâiãflê ÜßÜã,,ã ~Ò, ~Òß äÛÜflêã â~ÛêêÈ. ×ã-,êãÀi, ãÛÜ ÛÑ ÜÛÇãÞÒÒ ÛÜêÒÒâÜÀi ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã,, â,flÑÜÜÀi âã âÝããâêÈ âäãâêÜÒÜÛfl ,,,Ûê^ÛÛ, ßãÚÒê ééÒÝêÛ,Üã ÜÇÞêÈâfl ÜÒ êãÞÈÝã Þfl äÞÜÒê-,,Û,,Üêã,, Üã Û Þfl ãâêÞÈÜÀi äÞÜÒê Û ÚÒ Þfl øÞëêãÜ. ôãßÒ êã,,ã, Ñ,ÛêÛÒ ÝãâßÛ~ÒâÝãØ êÒiÜÛÝÛ ÒÞÒê ÒÞÈÜÀß äã,ÒÒÜÛÒ úûáÕ-ÜÇÞÒÜÛØ â ÇÑßÛ , ÜÒâÝãÞÈÝã âãê êÀâfl~ ÝÛÞãßÒêã,, Ü ÝãêãÀi êÝÚÒ ßã,,ëê ÜÇÞêÈâfl ãâÜã,ÜÀÒ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛÒ ééÒÝêÀ Þfl ,âÒi äÞÜÒê, ,ÝÞ~fl ÜÛÇãÞÒÒ ÝëäÜÀÒ ÝÞÛÝã,ÀÒ. ÷ÔÕó?áÔæõ?æ ?þþæôý? × âÞë~Ò ÜÇÞÒÜÛfl ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝ ,ÇÞÛÑÛ äÞÜÒêÀ ßãÚÜã ÜÇÞêÈ , ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝê, ,ÜãâflÛi ,ÝÞ , ÛÑßÒflÒßë ÛÜêÒéÒãßÒêÛ~ÒâÝë ÑÒÚÝë, ãäÒÒÞflÒßë ÝÝ ÑÜãâêÈ ßãßÒÜêã, äÛiã éãÜê ÞÒÝêãß,,ÜÛêÜãØ ,ãÞÜÀ, ÛÑÞë~ÒÜÜãØ ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝãß, Ü ,Ò ÜêÒÜÜÀ ÇÑÀ úûáÕ. ?êÛßÛ ééÒÝêßÛ fl,Þflêâfl ÑÒÚÝ ?äÛã Û ÑÒÚÝ âäãâêÜÒÜÛfl ,,,Ûê^ÛãÜÜã,,ã ,ÑÛßãÒØâê,Ûfl P, ãÇëâÞã,ÞÒÜÜfl âäãâêÜÒÜÛÒß Þë~ ,ÇÞÛÑÛ ,ÛÚëÒ,,ãâfl êÒÞ, , Ü?Òß âÞë~Ò äÞÜÒêÀ. ôÝ äãÝÑÜã , (Kopeikin, 2001), Ûi ÛÑßÒÒÜÛÒ äãÑ,ãÞflÒê ãäÒÒÞÛêÈ , éëÜßÒÜêÞÈÜÀi ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi äßÒê: äßÒê (,ÒÜ 1 , ùýù) Û äßÒê âäãâêÜÒÜÛfl ,,,Ûê^ÛãÜÜã,,ã ,ÑÛßãÒØâê,Ûfl (,ÒÜ 0 , ùýù, ê.Ò. âÝããâêÈ âäãâêÜÒÜÛfl ,,,Ûê^ÛÛ ,Ü âÝããâêÛ â,Òê). ×ÒÞÛ~ÛÜ ëÝÑÜÜÀi ééÒÝêã, ßãÚÒê ÇÀêÈ ã^ÒÜÒÜ äã éãßëÞß, äãÞë~ÒÜÜÀß ,

(Kopeikin, 2001, ë,ÜÒÜÛÒ (13)), ÝãêãÀÒ äãâÞÒ ã~Ò,ÛÜÀi äÒãÇÑã,ÜÛØ äÛ,ãflêâfl Ý ,Ûë 2 ( 1 + ) GMrB ------------------------------------ , 3 c Rd v P ( 1 + ) ------- , cd (1)

,,Ò GM - äÞÜÒêã^ÒÜêÛ~ÒâÝfl ,,,Ûê^ÛãÜÜfl äãâêãflÜÜfl, B - ÞÛÜ ÇÑÀ ÛÜêÒéÒãßÒê, r - ,ÛÛßÀØ ë,,Þã,ãØ Ûëâ äÞÜÒêÀ, d - ë,,Þã,ãÒ ââêãflÜÛÒ ßÒÚë Üä,ÞÒÜÛflßÛ âã âêÜ^ÛÛ Ü Ûâêã~ÜÛÝ Û ^ÒÜê äÞÜÒêÀ, R - Ûëâ äÞÜÒêÀ, v - ÒÒ ãÇÛêÞÈÜfl âÝããâêÈ, â - âÝããâêÈ â,Òê. ù~Ò,ÛÜã, ~êã Û P ãâêÛ,,ê ßÝâÛßÞÈÜãØ ,ÒÞÛ~ÛÜÀ äÛ ÜÇÞÒÜÛfli Ü Ý äÞÜÒêÜã,,ã ÛâÝ, ê.Ò. d = r. áÞfl êã,,ã âÞë~fl (1) ßãÚÒê ÇÀêÈ äÒÒäÛâÜã , ßÝi ùýù ÝÝ 4 GMB ---------------- , 3 cR v P ------- . cr (2)

ðÑ (2) ,ÛÜã, ~êã äÛ ÜÇÞÒÜÛÛ Ü Ý ÛâÝ ÜÒ Ñ,ÛâÛê ãê ÑßÒ ,ÛÛßã,,ã ÛâÝ, ê.Ò. ãê ââêãflÜÛfl ã äÞÜÒêÀ, P ãâêÛ,,Òê ßÝâÛßÞÈÜãØ ,ÒÞÛ~ÛÜÀ äÛ ßÝâÛßÞÈÜãß ëÞÒÜÛÛ äÞÜÒêÀ ãê ñÒßÞÛ. ?ÛâÞã,ÀÒ ÑÜ~ÒÜÛfl ßÝâÛßÞÈÜÀi ÜÇÞÒßÀi ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã, äÛ,ÒÒÜÀ , êÇÞ. 1 Þfl âÞë~fl ÜÑÒßÜãØ Û ÝãâßÛ~ÒâÝãØ (ñÒßÞfl-óëÜ) ÇÑÀ ÛÜêÒéÒãßÒê. ü~ÛêÀ,fl ÞÛÜÒØÜë Ñ,ÛâÛßãâêÈ ââßêÛ,ÒßÀi ééÒÝêã, ãê B, äÛ,ÒÒÜÜÀÒ ÑÜ~ÒÜÛfl ÞÒ,,Ýã ßãÚÜã äÒÒâ~ÛêêÈ Ü ÞÇë ÇÑë. ûÞÒëÒê ãêßÒêÛêÈ, ~êã ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛÒ ééÒÝêÀ, ÛßÒÛÒ ,ÒÞÛ~ÛÜë äãflÝ ÜÜãâÒÝëÜ, ßã,,ëê ÇÀêÈ ÛÑßÒÒÜÀ â ÛâäãÞÈÑã,ÜÛÒß ÜÛÇãÞÒÒ äãâêãØ ÛÜêÒéÒãßÒêÛ~ÒâÝãØ êÒiÜÛÝÛ ãäÒÒÞÒÜÛfl ,,ëääã,ãØ ÑÒÚÝÛ. × êã ÚÒ ,Òßfl ééÒÝêÀ Ü ëã,ÜÒ ÒÛÜÛ^ äÛÝãâÒÝëÜ ßã,,ëê ÇÀêÈ ÛÑßÒÒÜÀ êãÞÈÝã ßÒêããß ÛééÒÒÜ^ÛÞÈÜÀi éÑã,Ài ÛÑßÒÒÜÛØ äÛ êêÒÞÈÜãß äÞÜÛã,ÜÛÛ ÜÇÞêÒÞÈÜã,,ã

Ôûýúù÷ùõð?æûôðò ×æûý÷ðô êãß 43 < 4 2009


øúæáûýù??ðæ ûÕóðìæ÷ð? øóÔ÷æý û úÔáðùðûýù?÷ðôÔõð ýÇÞÛ^ 3. øãÝÀêÛfl äÞÜÒêßÛ âêãßÒêÛ~ÒâÝÛi ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝã, øÞÜÒê ×ÒÜÒ õâ ×ÒÜÒ ×ÒÜÒ ×ÒÜÒ ×ÒÜÒ ?äÛêÒ ûêëÜ ?äÛêÒ ×ÒÜÒ ×ÒÜÒ ?äÛêÒ ×ÒÜÒ ×ÒÜÒ ?äÛêÒ ×ÒÜÒ ×ÒÜÒ áê, ,,ß 2011 2011 2012 2015 2020 2020 2025 2028 2033 2035 2037 2043 2043 2043 2045 2049 2049 02 05 12 08 01 07 09 10 02 07 01 02 02 02 09 01 11 26.6 03.8 24.4 06.8 16.7 17.7 18.6 24.8 04.2 03.3 03.8 01.1 15.6 17.7 24.4 13.5 02.2 ðâêã~ÜÛÝ 1946-200 0127+084 1631-208 0947+064 2220-119 0446+178 0725+219 0223+113 2104-173 0558+234 1734-228 1734-228 1858-212 1908-211 2221-116 2243-081 1333-082 19 1 16 9 22 4 7 2 21 6 17 17 19 19 22 22 13 Û Ûâêã~ÜÛÝ, J2000 ~ ßÛÜ â 49 30 34 50 22 49 28 25 07 01 37 37 01 11 24 45 36 53 28 30 03 56 13 21 42 27 47 02 02 04 54 08 49 08 ,, ë,,Þ. ßÛÜ ë,,Þ. â -19 +8 -20 +6 -11 +17 +21 +11 -17 +23 -22 -22 -21 -21 -11 -7 -8 57 42 58 15 44 54 53 34 08 24 51 51 12 02 26 55 29 13 46 26 04 26 32 06 25 10 53 55 55 01 44 21 19 52 øÛßÒ~ÜÛfl, ,ÛÛßãâêÈ

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ÝâäÒÛßÒÜê. æâêÈ ,äãÞÜÒ ãÇãâÜã,ÜÜfl ÜÒÚ, ~êã êã~ÜãâêÈ ÛÑßÒÒÜÛfl ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã, âëÒâê,ÒÜÜã ,ãÑâêÒê â ,,ããß , âêãØ úûáÕâêÜ^ÛØ Üã,ã,,ã äãÝãÞÒÜÛfl , âêÜêÒ VLBI2010 (Behrend Û ., 2008). úÒÑëÞÈêêÀ â~Òêã, äãÝÑÀ,ê, ~êã äã~êÛ ,âÒ äÞÜÒêÀ , ßãßÒÜêÀ ßÝâÛßÞÈÜã,,ã âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛfl â ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝßÛ ãÇÒâäÒ~Û,ê ,äãÞÜÒ ÛÑßÒÛßÀÒ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛÒ ééÒÝêÀ ÚÒ Ü ÑÒßÜÀi ÇÑi, ãâãÇÒÜÜã Þfl P. ùÜÝã ëÚÒ äÛ ë,ÒÞÛ~ÒÜÛÛ ââêãflÜÛfl ãê ^ÒÜê äÞÜÒêÀ ã ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝ ã 30 ,ÒÞÛ~ÛÜ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛi ééÒÝêã, Þfl ÑÒßÜãØ ÇÑÀ âêÜã,Ûêâfl äÝêÛ~ÒâÝÛ ÜÒÛÑßÒÛßãØ â ãâêêã~ÜãØ êã~ÜãâêÈ Þfl ,âÒi äÞÜÒê, ÝãßÒ ?äÛêÒ Û ûêëÜ (êÇÞ. 2). øúæá×??ðûóæ÷ðæ øùôú?ýðò ð ûÕóðìæ÷ðò ÷ ãâÜã,ÜÛÛ ÒÑëÞÈêêã,, äãÞë~ÒÜÜÀi , äÒÀëÒß ÑÒÞÒ, ßãÚÜã âÒÞêÈ ,À,ã, ~êã ÛßÒÒê âßÀâÞ äÒ,À~ÛâÞflêÈ ßãßÒÜêÀ äãÝÀêÛØ Þfl ,âÒi äÞÜÒê ãê ×ÒÜÒÀ ã ÷ÒäêëÜ, ÇãÞÒÒ äããÇÜÀÒ ãÇâêãflêÒÞÈâê, âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ äÒ,À~ÛâÞflêÈ Þfl ?äÛêÒ Û ûêëÜ. øÛ êãß Çëëê ãi,~ÒÜÀ ,âÒ fl,ÞÒÜÛfl âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ äÞÜÒê â ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝßÛ, ãÇÒâäÒ~Û,ÛÒ ÜÛÇãÞÒÒ ÑßÒêÜÀÒ ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛÒ ééÒÝêÀ , âäãâêÜÒÜÛÛ âÛ,,ÜÞ. ði ~ÛâÞã äÒâê,ÞflÒêâfl ,äãÞÜÒ ãâêêã~ÜÀß Þfl äÝêÛ-

~ÒâÝã,,ã äÞÜÛã,ÜÛfl ÝâäÒÛßÒÜêã, ÇÒÑ äÛ,ÞÒ~ÒÜÛfl ÜÇÞÒÜÛØ õÒÝëÛfl, õâ Û ÝÞÛÝã,Ài äÞÜÒê, Þfl ÝãêãÀi ÒÞflêÛ,ÛâêâÝÛÒ ééÒÝêÀ iãêfl Û ßã,,ëê ÇÀêÈ ÛÑßÒÒÜÀ, Üã âã â,ÜÛêÒÞÈÜã ÇãÞÈ?ãØ ãêÜãâÛêÒÞÈÜãØ ã?ÛÇÝãØ. ×äã~Òß, ãäëÒÜÜÀÒ , êãØ ÇãêÒ ÜÜÀÒ ÞÒ,,Ýã ßã,,ëê ÇÀêÈ ,ãâäãÞÜÒÜÀ ,êãßÛ äã Ñäãâë ÑÛÜêÒÒâã,ÜÜÀi ÞÛ^. ùâÜã,ÜÀÒ â~ÒêÀ ãÇâêãflêÒÞÈâê, âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ äÞÜÒê â ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝßÛ ÇÀÞÛ ,ÀäãÞÜÒÜÀ â äãßãÈ äã,,ßß APPROACH Û OCCULT, ÝãêãÀÒ ÛâäãÞÈÑëê ÜÜÀÒ Û âÒë äã,,ßßÜãØ âÛâêÒßÀ ?øùû (?éÒßÒÛÜfl øã,,ßß Þfl ùÇÒÝêã, ûãÞÜÒ~ÜãØ âÛâêÒßÀ, óÈ,ã, Û ., 2001). ôããÛÜêÀ Ûâêã~ÜÛÝã, ,ÑflêÀ ÛÑ ÝêÞã,, ÙãâÝã,,ã ^ÒÜê ÝãâßÛ~ÒâÝÛi äãÞÒêã, NÔSÔ (Petrov, 2008) â ãÇ,ÞÒÜÛÒß ÜÒãâêÛi Ûâêã~ÜÛÝã, ÝêÞã,, ICRF-2 (Fey Û ., 2004). ×âÒ,,ã ãÝÑÞãâÈ 3958 Ûâêã~ÜÛÝã,, âäÛâãÝ ÝãêãÀi Û Ûi ãäêÛ~ÒâÝÛÒ iÝêÒÛâêÛÝÛ ßã,,ëê ÇÀêÈ ÜØÒÜÀ Ü http://www.gao.spb.ru/ english/as/ac_vlbi/sou_car.dat. ûäÛâãÝ äãÝÀêÛØ ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝã, äÞÜÒêßÛ äÛ,ÒÒÜ , êÇÞ. 3, ãÇâêãflêÒÞÈâê, âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ ?äÛêÒ Û ûêëÜ â ÛãÛâêã~ÜÛÝßÛ - , êÇÞ. 4 Û 5 âããê,Òêâê,ÒÜÜã. × êÇÞÛ^i äãÝÑÜÀ ãÇâêãflêÒÞÈâê, ,âÒi äãÝÀêÛØ Û âÇÞÛÚÒÜÛØ Ü ââêãflÜÛÒ, ÜÒ äÒ,À?ÒÒ 10, Ñ äÒÛã â âÒÜêflÇfl 2008 ,,. (ßãßÒÜê ÜäÛâÜÛfl ÜâêãflÒØ ÇãêÀ) ã 2050 ,,. áÞfl üÜ Û ÷ÒäêëÜ äãÝÀêÛØ Ü ââßãêÒÜÜãß ÛÜêÒ,ÞÒ ,ÒßÒÜÛ ÜÒê. ðÜêÒÒâÜãØ ãâãÇÒÜÜãâêÈ

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óÈ,ã, ×.÷., ûßÒi~Ò, ú.ð., åÒÝßÒØâêÒ û.á. ?øùû - äã,,ßßÜfl âÛâêÒß Þfl äãÒÚÝÛ ÛââÞÒã,ÜÛØ ãÇÒÝêã, ûãÞÜÒ~ÜãØ âÛâêÒßÀ // ý. ÝãÜé. "ùÝãÞãÑÒßÜfl âêãÜãßÛfl", ñ,ÒÜÛ,,ãã, 21-25 ßfl 2001 ,,. û. 235-240. Behrend D., Boehm J., Charlot P., et al. Recent progress in the VLBI2010 Development // Proc. 2007 IAG General Assembly. Observing our Changing Earth. Perugia, Italy, July 2-13 / Ed. Sideris M.G. IAG Symposia, 2008. V. 133. P. 833-840. Fey A.L., Ma û., Arias E.F., et al. The second extension of the International Celestial Reference Frame: ICRF-Ext. 2. // Astron. J. 2004. V. 127. P. 3587-3608. Fomalont E.B., Kopeikin S.M. The measurement of the light deflection from Jupiter: Experimental results // Astrophys. J. 2003. V. 598. P. 704-711. Fomalont E.B., Kopeikin S.M. Radio interferometric tests of general relativity// Proc. IAU Symp. < 248A "Giant Step: from Milli- to Micro-arcsecond Astrometry" / Eds Jin W.-J., Platais I., Perryman M. 2008. P. 383-386. Kopeikin S.M. Testing the relativistic effect of the propagation of gravity by Very Long Baseline Interferometry // Astrophys. J. 2001. V. 556. P. L1-L5. Petrov L. Goddard VLBI astrometric catalogue 2008 b. http://vlbi.gsfc.nasa.gov/solutions/2008b_astro. Schl?ter W., Behrend D. The International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS): Current capabilities and future prospects // J. Geodesy. 2007. V. 81. P. 379-387. Treuhaft R.N., Lowe S.T. A measurement of planetary relativistic deflection // Astron. J. 1991. V. 102. P. 1879- 1888.

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